Cited by 399Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchSchizophrenia research and treatmentGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) regulates spines of the glutamate synapse via Rac1

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Hayashi-Takagi, Akiko, Takaki, Manabu, Graziane, Nick, Seshadri, Saurav, Murdoch, Hannah, Dunlop, Allan J, Makino, Yuichi, Seshadri, Anupamaa J +11 more·2010·Nature Neuroscience

Abstract

Synaptic spines are dynamic structures that regulate neuronal responsiveness and plasticity. We examined the role of the schizophrenia risk factor DISC1 in the maintenance of spine morphology and function. We found that DISC1 anchored Kalirin-7 (Kal-7), regulating access of Kal-7 to Rac1 and controlling the duration and intensity of Rac1 activation in response to NMDA receptor activation in both cortical cultures and rat brain in vivo. These results explain why Rac1 and its activator (Kal-7) serve as important mediators of spine enlargement and why constitutive Rac1 activation decreases spine size. This mechanism likely underlies disturbances in glutamatergic neurotransmission that have been frequently reported in schizophrenia that can lead to alteration of dendritic spines with consequential major pathological changes in brain function. Furthermore, the concept of a signalosome involving disease-associated factors, such as DISC1 and glutamate, may well contribute to the multifactorial and polygenetic characteristics of schizophrenia.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nn.2487

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  • Alterations in the regulation of actin at dendritic spines by neurodevelopmental disease-associated proteins such as DISC1, DTNBP1, SHANK3, PAK3, Oligophrenin and SRGAP2 produce deficits in synaptic plasticity and in the formation and consolidation of long-term memories.

    “Moreover, alterations in the regulation of actin at dendritic spines, by neurodevelopmental disease-associated proteins such as DISC1, DTNBP1, SHANK3, PAK3, Oligophrenin and SRGAP2, have been shown to produce deficits in both synaptic plasticity and the formation and consolidation of long-term memories.23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29”

    From The autism and schizophrenia associated gene CYFIP1 is critical for the maintenance of dendritic complexity and the stabilization of mature spines (2014) · cites this paper as [24]

    The Results section (“Long-term effects of DISC1 on dendritic spines”; page unavailable) reports that prolonged DISC1 knockdown reduced spine size, surface GluR1 expression and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency. This supports a role for DISC1 in spine structure and synaptic function, but the paper does not show deficits in the formation or consolidation of long-term memories. Its findings do not establish the sentence’s broader claim for the other listed proteins. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Loss of DISC1 leads to constituent activation of Rac1 signaling and spine loss via p21-activated kinase (PAK) signaling.

    “Loss of DISC1 leads to constituent activation of Rac1 signaling and spine loss via p21-activated kinase (PAK) signaling131,132 (Fig. 4, orange).”

    From Stress weakens prefrontal networks: molecular insults to higher cognition (2015) · cites this paper as [131]

    The Results (page not provided) report that DISC1 knockdown increased Rac1 activity and Pak1 phosphorylation, while prolonged knockdown markedly reduced spine size. The Methods (page not provided) describe Pak1 phosphorylation as an indicator of Rac1 activity; the paper does not establish that PAK signaling mediates the spine reduction. It reports spine shrinkage, rather than loss of spines. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • CYFIP1 is part of a growing number of mental illness-associated actin-regulatory molecules, including DISC1, DTNBP1, SHANK3, SRGAP2, Oligophrenin and the Abi1-WAVE2 complex, that act in Rac1-dependent pathways to regulate dendritic development and spine dynamics.

    “Our results suggest that CYFIP1 is part of a growing number of mental illness-associated actin-regulatory molecules, including DISC1, DTNBP1, SHANK3, SRGAP2, Oligophrenin and the Abi1-WAVE2 complex that act in Rac1-dependent pathways to regulate dendritic development and spine dynamics.24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29”
  • DISC1 regulates the integrity of PFC spines by anchoring kalirin-7 (Kal7) and preventing its stimulation of Rac1 signaling.

    “DISC1 also regulates the integrity of PFC spines by anchoring kalirin-7 (Kal7, the rodent homolog of Duo) and preventing its stimulation of Rac1 signaling131.”
  • ErbB4 and DISC1 interact with PSD-95 in spines.

    “ErbB4 and DISC1 interact with PSD-95 in spines54,58.”

    From Dendritic spine pathology in neuropsychiatric disorders (2011) · cites this paper as [54]

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Authors
Hayashi-Takagi, A., Takaki, M., Graziane, N., Seshadri, S., Murdoch, H., Dunlop, A. J., Makino, Y., Seshadri, A. J., Ishizuka, K., Srivastava, D. P., Xie, Z., Baraban, J. M., Houslay, M. D., Tomoda, T., Brandon, N. J., Kamiya, A., Yan, Z., Penzes, P., & Sawa, A.
Affiliations
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • University of Glasgow (GB)
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • Beckman Research Institute (US)
  • Pfizer (United States) (US)
  • University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
Corresponding author
Sawa, Akira
Venue
Nature Neuroscience
Published
2010-02-07
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
327-332
ISSN
  • 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-1726
OpenAlex
W2119383776
Cited by
399
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 38
FWCI
18.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22791125)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH 071316, MH-084233, MH084018, RC1MH088753, R01MH084233, MH‑088753, P20MH084018, R01MH069853, R56MH071316, R01MH071316, MH069853)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-048911, R01NS048911)
  • National Center for Research Resources (P41RR001192)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
DISC1, schizophrenia, dendritic spines, Rac1, Kalirin-7, Rho GTPase signaling, NMDA receptor, glutamatergic synapses, synaptic plasticity, signalosome, glutamatergic neurotransmission, cortical neurons
MeSH terms
Animals, Cells, Cultured, Cerebral Cortex, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Synapses, Time Factors, Signal Transduction, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, AMPA, Glutamic Acid, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, rac1 GTP-Binding Protein, RNA Interference, Tissue Culture Techniques, Dendritic Spines, Rats, Gene Knockdown Techniques

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