CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 640Fatty Acid Research and HealthEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisNutritional Studies and Diet

Dietary fatty acids and human health

Open access
Williams, Christine M.·2000·Annales de Zootechnie
DOI 10.1051/animres:2000116
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

A considerable amount of evidence has accumulated to support the view that the very long chain omega 3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) have beneficial cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory properties and that levels of their consumption are insufficient in most Western diets.More recently, attention has been given to the possibility that the precursor omega-3 PUFA, alpha linolenic acid (ALNA), may share some of the beneficial actions of EPA/DHA on human health.Further research into the metabolism and physiological actions of ALNA, and comparisons with EPA/DHA, is needed before conclusions regarding the optimal amounts and types of omega-3 PUFA for human health can be defined.Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which arises as a metabolic by-product of rumen hydrogenation and which is found in foods of animal origin, has been proposed to possess potent health promoting properties, but much of this research has been conducted in experimental animals.There is an urgent need for complementary studies in human volunteers, to confirm the putative anti-carcinogenic, anti-atherogenic, anti-lipogenic and immuno-suppressive properties of CLA.human health / fatty acids / omega-3 PUFA / conjugated linoleic acid Résumé -Acides gras alimentaires et santé humaine.Il a été amplement démontré que les acides gras à très longue chaîne en oméga 3, les acides eicoapentaenoïque (EPA) et decosahexaenoïque (DHA) ont des effets positifs relatifs à l'apparition des maladies cardio-vasculaires, et des propriété anti-inflammatoires.Leur consommation par l'Homme est insuffisante dans la plupart des pays occidentaux.Récemment il est apparu que l'acide alpha linolénique, précurseur des acides gras en oméga 3, pouvait partager avec l'EPA et le DHA certains effets positifs sur la santé humaine.Des recherches complémentaires sur le métabolisme et le rôle physiologique de l'acide alpha linolénique, ainsi que des comparaisons avec l'EPA et le DHA sont nécessaires avant de pouvoir définir les apports recommandés optimaux de chacun de ces acides gras.L'acide linoléique conjugué (CLA) qui provient du métabolisme ruminal des acides gras et qui est présent dans les aliments d'origine animale, a été décrit comme potentiellement favorable à la santé humaine, mais la plupart des expérimentations ont été conduites sur animaux de laboratoire.Il y a une urgence à réaliser des études complémentaires sur des volontaires humains, afin de confirmer les propriétés annoncées du CLA, à savoir des effets anti-carcinogène, anti-athérogène, anti-lipogénique et une modulation de l'immunité.santé humaine / acides gras / oméga-3 PUFA / acide linoléique conjugué

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1051/animres:2000116

Cites

102 of 102 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Medium-chain saturated FAs C12:0-C16:0 are traditionally regarded as hypercholesterolaemic.

    “The medium-chain saturated FAs (C12:0-C16:0) are traditionally regarded as hypercholesterolaemic.109”

    From Nutritive value of maize silage in relation to dairy cow performance and milk quality (2015) · cites this paper as [109]

    Section 2, “Saturated Fatty Acids” (page unavailable), identifies lauric, myristic and palmitic acids—C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0—as raising plasma total and LDL cholesterol. It does not describe this C12:0–C16:0 group as “medium-chain,” so the cholesterol claim is supported but that classification is not. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Megasphera elsdenii YJ-4 can convert C18:2n-6 to trans-10,cis-12 C18:2 and trans-10 C18:1, whereas Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens produces cis-9,trans-11 C18:2 and trans-11 C18:1 as intermediates in the hydrogenation of C18:2n-6.

    “Megasphera elsdenii YJ-4 can convert C18:2n-6 to trans-10,cis-12 C18:2 and trans-10 C18:1, 106 whereas Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens produces cis-9,trans-11 C18:2 and trans-11 C18:1 as intermediates in the hydrogenation of C18:2n-6.107”

    From Nutritive value of maize silage in relation to dairy cow performance and milk quality (2015) · cites this paper as [106]

    Section 7 (page unavailable) says that ruminal bacterial action forms conjugated linoleic acid during partial hydrogenation and that cis-9,trans-11 C18:2 is the major isomer formed from dietary linoleic acid. It does not identify Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens or say that it produces trans-11 C18:1. The Megasphera clause carries a different citation and is not assessed against this source. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

5 of the 107 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. [2]2. Aro A., Epidemiological studies of trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease, in: Sebedio J.L., Christie W.W (Eds.), Trans Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition, The Oily Press, Ltd., Dundee, Scotland, 1998, pp. 235-260.
  2. [36]36. Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy, in: Nutritional Aspects of Cardiovascular Dis- ease, Report of the Cardiovascular Review Group Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy, Department of Health, Report on Health and Social Subjects, HMSO, London, 1994, pp. 123-144.
  3. [45]45. Higgins S., Carroll Y., Morrissey P.A., Bioavail- ability of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in microencapsulated fish oil, Proc. Nutr. Soc. 57 (1998) 149A.
  4. [57]57. Kelley D.S., Immunomodulatory effects of flaxseed and other oils rich in α-linolenic acid, in: Cunnane S.C., Thompson L.U., Champaign I.L. (Eds.), Flaxseed in Human Nutrition, AOCS Press, 1995, pp. 145-156.
  5. [69]69. Mensink R.P., Zock P.L., Lipoprotein Metabolism and Trans Fatty Acids, in: Sebedio J.L., Christie W.W. (Eds.), Trans Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition, The Oily Press, Ltd., Dundee, Scotland, 1998, pp. 217-234.
  6. [79]79. Oomagh B.D., Mazza G., Flaxseed Products for Disease Prevention, in: Mazza G. (Ed.), Func- tional Foods: Biochemical and Processing Aspects, Technomic Publishing Co. Ltd., Lan- caster, Basel, 1998, pp. 91-138.
  7. [89]89. Masden S., The incorporation of long chain omega-3 fatty acids into yellow fats, in: Sadler M.J., Saltmarsh M. (Eds.), Functional Foods. The consumer, the products and the evidence, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1998.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Williams, C. M.
Affiliations
University of Reading (GB)
Corresponding author
Williams, Christine M.
Venue
Annales de Zootechnie
Publisher
EDP Sciences
Published
2000-05
Volume
49
Issue
3
Pages
165-180
ISSN
  • 0003-424X (ISSN-L)
  • 1297-9651
DOI
10.1051/animres:2000116
OpenAlex
W2167208210
Cited by
640
References
107
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 33
FWCI
8.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annales de Zootechnie (publishedVersion)
  • Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
dietary fatty acids, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory activity, dietary intake, anti-carcinogenic effects, Western diet, dietary recommendations

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review