Rome IV—Functional GI Disorders: Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction
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Postprandial fullness and early satiation are the cardinal symptoms of postprandial distress syndrome, a subtype of functional dyspepsia.
“Postprandial fullness and early satiation (termed early satiety in the ROME criteria) are the cardinal symptoms of postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), a subtype of functional dyspepsia (Drossman et al., 2016).”
From Preliminary data that psychological treatment and baseline anxiety are associated with a decrease in postprandial fullness and early satiation for individuals with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorder. (2023) · cites this paper as Drossman et al., 2016
Table 1 (Special Issue Editors; page not provided) identifies postprandial distress syndrome as a subtype of functional dyspepsia. Neither that table nor the other passages in our copy identifies postprandial fullness and early satiation as its cardinal symptoms or confirms the terminology attributed to the Rome criteria; searches for those symptoms and “cardinal symptoms” found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredExcessive sympathetic or parasympathetic activity in the ANS can lead to dysregulation within the gut-brain axis contributing to maladaptive gastrointestinal responses and resulting in symptomatic flares.
“Excessive sympathetic or parasympathetic activity in the ANS can lead to dysregulation within the gut-brain axis contributing to maladaptive gastrointestinal responses and resulting in symptomatic flares (8–12,14).”
From Alterations in Heart Rate Variability Associated With Irritable Bowel Syndrome or Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
The Special Issue Editors section (page not provided) says that central nervous system dysregulation of gut signaling and motor function contributes to gastrointestinal symptoms. It does not identify excessive sympathetic or parasympathetic activity as the cause or describe resulting symptomatic flares. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIrritable bowel syndrome is a disorder of gut-brain interaction, rather than a functional gastrointestinal disorder.
“resulting in its re-classification as a disorder of gut-brain interaction, rather than a functional gastrointestinal disorder.”
From British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
The Special Issue Editors section says functional GI disorders are “better defined as Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction,” supporting the terminology used for IBS. But its Table 1 still lists IBS under “Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders,” so the source does not support treating the two labels as mutually exclusive. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIBS is a disorder of altered bidirectional communication between the gut and brain via the gut-brain axis, and has a biopsychosocial aetiology.
“IBS is a disorder of altered bidirectional communication between the gut and brain (via the gut-brain axis), and has a biopsychosocial aetiology.32”
From British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome (2021) · cites this paper as [32]
Heart rate variability provides an indirect measure of the autonomic nervous system.
“Such monitoring might be achieved through a set of noninvasive electrocardiography parameters, collectively referred to as heart rate variability (HRV), that provides an indirect measure of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) (8–14).”
From Alterations in Heart Rate Variability Associated With Irritable Bowel Syndrome or Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
The Special Issue Editors passages discuss gut–brain interactions and nervous-system physiology but do not address heart rate variability as a measure of autonomic function. Searches for heart rate variability, HRV, electrocardiography, and the autonomic nervous system found no passage establishing the claim; page numbers were not available in the indexed copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Postprandial distress syndrome and eating disorders have similar clinical presentations, including higher prevalence in cisgender females compared to cisgender males, postprandial nausea, and elevated anxiety.
“PDS and EDs have similar clinical presentations, including a higher prevalence in cisgender females compared to cisgender males (American Psychiatric Association, 2013;Drossman et al., 2016), postprandial nausea (Drossman et al., 2016;Heruc et al., 2019;Keel et al., 2018;Koch et al., 1998), and elevated anxiety (Aro et al., 2009;Swinbourne & Touyz, 2007).”
From Preliminary data that psychological treatment and baseline anxiety are associated with a decrease in postprandial fullness and early satiation for individuals with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorder. (2023) · cites this paper as Drossman et al., 2016
The Special Issue Editors section identifies postprandial distress syndrome as a subtype of functional dyspepsia, but does not report its prevalence by sex or describe postprandial nausea as a shared presentation with eating disorders. Searches for female prevalence and postprandial nausea found no passage addressing those attributed claims. The citation is not attached to the sentence’s anxiety claim. (LLM, conf=0.73)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn order to assess the effect of severe vomiting on the homeostasis of each patient, biochemical tests addressed to dyselectrolytemia and acid-base balance should be performed.
“In order to assess the effect of severe vomiting on the homeostasis of each patient, biochemical tests addressed to dyselectrolytemia, acid‐base balance, should be performed [ 250 ].”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
In difficult cases, other rare conditions should be explored.
“In difficult cases, other rare conditions should be explored [ 250 ].”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
CNVS adheres to a biopsychosocial model in the field of neurogastroenterology, resulting from complex and reciprocal interactions between biological, psychological, and social factors, rather than from linear monocausal etiopathogenic processes.
“CNVS adheres to a biopsychosocial model in the field of neurogastroenterology, resulting from complex and reciprocal interactions between biological, psychological, and social factors, rather than from linear monocausal etiopathogenic processes [ 224 , 250 , 314 , 379 ].”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
Histamine H1 antagonists (e.g., meclizine, promethazine) are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.
“Histamine H1 antagonists (e.g., meclizine, promethazine) are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
Muscarinic M1 antagonists (e.g., scopolamine) are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.
“Muscarinic M1 antagonists (e.g., scopolamine) are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
5-HT3 antagonists are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.
“5‐HT3 antagonists are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
Dopamine-2 antagonists are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.
“Dopamine‐2 antagonists are effective for the treatment of chronic nausea and vomiting.”
From European Guideline on Chronic Nausea and Vomiting—A UEG and ESNM Consensus for Clinical Management (2025) · cites this paper as [250]
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- Authors
- Drossman, D. A., & Hasler, W. L.
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1257-1261
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2342528407
- Cited by
- 1,928
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 291 · 2025: 271 · 2024: 235 · 2023: 222 · 2022: 200 · 2021: 214 · 2020: 201 · 2019: 127 · 2018: 102 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 90.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Keywords
- Rome IV criteria, functional gastrointestinal disorders, gut-brain axis, Rome criteria, functional bowel disorders, Rome III
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Brain, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Immunity, Mucosal, Gastrointestinal Tract, Dysbiosis
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