Epidemiology of Mesenteric Vascular Disease: Clinical Implications
Abstract
The overall incidence rate of acute mesenteric ischemia between 1970 and 1982, diagnosed at either autopsy or operation, in the population of Malmö, Sweden was estimated at 12.9/100,000 person-years. Autopsy rate was 87%. Acute superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion (embolus/thrombus ratio = 1.4), mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT), and nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) were found in approximately 68%, 16%, and 16%, respectively. Acute SMA occlusion was found to be more common than ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. The incidence increased exponentially with age, equally distributed among men and women after adjusting for age and gender in the population. Thrombotic occlusions were located more proximally than embolic occlusions and intestinal infarction was more extensive, whereas patients with embolus had a higher frequency of acute myocardial infarction, and had cardiac thrombi in 48% and synchronous emboli in 68% of the patients. The proportion of patients with symptoms inherent with chronic mesenteric ischemia prior to onset of acute thrombotic occlusion has been reported to occur in 73%. Cardiac failure, history of atrial fibrillation, and recent surgery have all been associated with fatal NOMI. MVT is either caused by thrombophilia, direct injury, or local venous congestion or stasis. Multidetector row computed tomography with intravenous contrast enhancement and imaging in the arterial phase for suspicion of acute SMA occlusion and imaging in the venous phase for MVT has become the diagnostic method of choice. In-hospital mortality is highest for NOMI, lower for acute SMA occlusion, and lowest, around 20%, for MVT.
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The most accurate report on the proportion of different forms of acute mesenteric ischaemia comes from a population with an 87% autopsy rate studied between 1970 and 1982.
“The most accurate report on the proportion of different forms of AMI comes from a population with an 87% autopsy rate studied between 1970 and 1982.3”
From Incidence and outcomes of acute mesenteric ischaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
In a population based study in Sweden including 402 patients with an autopsy rate of 87%, the estimated incidence of venous mesenteric ischaemia was 2.7 per 100 000 person years.
“In a population based study in Sweden including 402 patients with an autopsy rate of 87%, the estimated incidence of VMI was 2.7/100 000 person years. 209”
There is likely a bias towards underestimation of acute mesenteric ischaemia incidence due to incomplete retrieval of cases detected at autopsy and low overall autopsy rates in the studied populations.
“There is likely to be a bias towards underestimation of incidence due to incomplete retrieval of cases detected at autopsy and low overall autopsy rates in the studied populations.”
From Incidence and outcomes of acute mesenteric ischaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Acosta, S.
- Affiliations
- Skåne University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Acosta, Stefan
- ORCID
- Acosta, Stefan
- Venue
- Seminars in Vascular Surgery
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4-8
- ISSN
- 0895-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2074699777
- Cited by
- 340
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 13.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Seminars in Vascular Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Aortic Thrombus and Embolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Vascular anomalies and interventions
- Keywords
- acute mesenteric ischemia, superior mesenteric artery occlusion, mesenteric vein thrombosis, nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia, incidence, thrombophilia, chronic mesenteric ischemia, intracardiac thrombus, atrial fibrillation, multidetector computed tomography, in-hospital mortality, Malmö
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Autopsy, Female, Humans, Intestines, Ischemia, Male, Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Sweden, Thrombosis, Time Factors, Incidence, Hospital Mortality, Venous Thrombosis
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