Formation of Artemisinin in Artemisia annua During One Vegetation Period*,1
Abstract
In order to investigate the possibility of isolating greater amounts of the antimalarial compound artemisinin (quinghaosu), plants of ARTEMISIA ANNUA were cultivated and analysed at different stages of development. We found the highest content just before flowering. It was also possible to correlate development of the plants with the maximum content of artemisinin. ARTEMISIA ANNUA plants cultivated from various other sources were also examine for artemisinin content. According to our results, none of these plants contained sufficient amounts of artemisinin to justify an isolation on a technical scale. Furthermore other Artemisia species were tested. We found artemisinin in only one other species. To possibly increase the amount of artemisinin during the growth period of the plant, we tested two hormone-type growth regulators on A. ANNUA strain 811. The results showed that one of them, chlormequat, was able to increase the artemisinin content by 30% over untreated plants. We also found some slight effects of the growth regulators on morphological criteria of glandular trichomes.
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Artemisinin production in A. annua is localized in the biseriate glandular trichomes, specialized structures found predominantly on the surface of leaves and flowers.
“There is increasing evidence that artemisinin production in A. annua is localized in the biseriate glandular trichomes: specialized structures, found predominantly on the surface of leaves and flowers [244,325].”
From The Biosynthesis of Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) and the Phytochemistry of Artemisia annua L. (Qinghao) (2010) · cites this paper as [325]
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He, J., Gao, Q., Liao, T., & Zeng, Q.-P. (2015) · doi:10.7287/peerj.preprints.827v1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“From artemisinin determination throughout the vegetative stage of A. annua, it is known that top leaves exhibit generally higher artemisinin content, while bottom leaves display lower artemisinin content (Liersch et al. 1986; Ferreira et al. 1995).”
BackgroundTowler, M. J., Kellogg, J. J., & Weathers, P. J. (2026) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules31111854 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
An Overview of Heterologous Organisms Used to Produce Artemisinin and Its Precursors
Li, X., He, H., Jianting, C., Wang, H., & Ye, H. (2012) · Chinese Bulletin of Botany · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1259.2012.00571 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Evidence of artemisinin production from IPP stemming from both the mevalonate and the nonmevalonate pathways.”
InfluentialRustaiyan, A., & Vahedi, M. (2012) · Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature · doi:10.1080/22311866.2012.10719127 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Studies on the Cultivation and Breeding of Artemisia annua L.
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Seddek, A. (2011) · King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) · doi:10.25781/kaust-qc688
“A famous anti-malarial compound, called artemisinin, has been isolated from different species of Artemisia, including Artemisia annua [68].”
BackgroundGrowing, harvest and postharvest processing of Artemisia annua L.
Doctora, I., & de Investigación, C. (2010)
- Authors
- Liersch, R., Soicke, H., Stehr, C., & Tüllner, H.-U.
- Venue
- Planta Medica
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 1986-10
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 05
- Pages
- 387-390
- ISSN
- 0032-0943 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-0221
- OpenAlex
- W2073095771
- Cited by
- 107
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 0.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Planta Medica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Keywords
- artemisinin, Artemisia annua, antimalarial compounds, plant growth stages, flowering, plant development, artemisinin content, chlormequat chloride, plant growth regulators, glandular trichomes
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