Effect of Tri-Iodothyronine Replacement on the Metabolic and Pituitary Responses to Starvation
Abstract
To determine the implication of decreased T3 production during fasting, seven normal men were fasted for 80 hours on two occasions; they received 5 microgram of T3 every three hours durnig the second fast. The mean serum T3 concentration declined during the control fast from 120 to 73 ng per deciliter (P less than 0.01), but remained slightly above base-line values during the T3 fast. Mean serum T4 concentrations did not change, and mean serum rT3 concentrations increased, during both fasts. The peak serum TSH increment after TRH was 11.1 micromicron per milliliter before fasting, 8.9 (not significant) after the control fast and 2.2 (P less than 0.01) after the T3 fast. Urea excretion was 9.1 per cent higher during the T3 fast; there were no differences in the changes in blood glucose, plasma fatty acids or other substrates during the two fasts. Pretreatment with potassium iodide lowered serum T4 concentrations and increased the serum TSH response to TRH after fasting. We conclude that the decrease in serum T3 concentrations during fasting spares muscle protein. Fasting is accompanied by a lower set point of TSH secretion, which remains sensitive to changes in serum thyroid hormone concentrations.
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In response to acute fasting, T4 levels did not change.
“whereas T4 levels did not change, as expected on the basis of its longer half-life (16, 17) (Table 2).”
From The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to short-term starvation in healthy men (2003) · cites this paper as [16]
Fasting shifts T4 conversion from T3 to rT3.
“This suggests that fasting shifts T4 conversion from T3 to rT3 (16)”
From The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to short-term starvation in healthy men (2003) · cites this paper as [16]
Decreased T3 and thyroid receptor protein levels are of teleological importance in limiting energy expenditure and catabolism during a fast.
“it has been proposed that decreased T3 and thyroid receptor protein levels are of teleological importance in limiting energy expenditure and catabolism during a fast (16).”
From The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to short-term starvation in healthy men (2003) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Gardner, D. F., Kaplan, M. M., Stanley, C. A., & Utiger, R. D.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- ORCID
- Stanley, Charles A.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1979-03-15
- Volume
- 300
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 579-584
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2341722765
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 8.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- starvation, fasting, thyroid hormone metabolism, reverse T3, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, serum T3, serum thyroxine, potassium iodide, urea excretion
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ammonia, Blood Glucose, Fasting, Humans, Iodides, Male, Starvation, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine, Urea
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