Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone for High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: For patients with smoldering multiple myeloma, the standard of care is observation until symptoms develop. However, this approach does not identify high-risk patients who may benefit from early intervention. METHODS: In this randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 119 patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma to treatment or observation. Patients in the treatment group received an induction regimen (lenalidomide at a dose of 25 mg per day on days 1 to 21, plus dexamethasone at a dose of 20 mg per day on days 1 to 4 and days 12 to 15, at 4-week intervals for nine cycles), followed by a maintenance regimen (lenalidomide at a dose of 10 mg per day on days 1 to 21 of each 28-day cycle for 2 years). The primary end point was time to progression to symptomatic disease. Secondary end points were response rate, overall survival, and safety. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 40 months, the median time to progression was significantly longer in the treatment group than in the observation group (median not reached vs. 21 months; hazard ratio for progression, 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09 to 0.32; P<0.001). The 3-year survival rate was also higher in the treatment group (94% vs. 80%; hazard ratio for death, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.91; P=0.03). A partial response or better was achieved in 79% of patients in the treatment group after the induction phase and in 90% during the maintenance phase. Toxic effects were mainly grade 2 or lower. CONCLUSIONS: Early treatment for patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma delays progression to active disease and increases overall survival. (Funded by Celgene; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00480363.).
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Early treatment with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone or single-agent lenalidomide benefits patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma.
“Early therapy with lenalidomide and dexamethasone or single-agent lenalidomide is beneficial in patients with high risk smoldering multiple myeloma, and is discussed separately.104,105”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [104]
A randomized trial conducted in Spain found that patients with high risk SMM had significant prolongation of progression-free and overall survival with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone (Rd) compared with observation.
“A randomized trial conducted in Spain found that patients with high risk SMM had significant prolongation of PFS and OS with Rd compared with observation.104,197”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [104]
Several trials have reported the advantages and risks of early intervention in high-risk SMM.
“Several trials have reported the advantages and risks of early intervention in high risk SMM.105-112”
From Evolution of Multiple Myeloma from a Genomic Perspective (2026) · cites this paper as [106]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The International Myeloma Working Group (2003) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04355.x · Cited by 2,367 · see citing works
Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Dimopoulos, M., Spencer, A., Attal, M., Prince, H. M., Harousseau, J.-L., Dmoszynska, A., Miguel, J. S., Hellmann, A., Facon, T., Foà, R., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa070594 · Cited by 1,450 · see citing works
Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma in North America
Weber, D. M., Chen, C., Niesvizky, R., Wang, M., Belch, A., Stadtmauer, E. A., Siegel, D., Borrello, I., Rajkumar, S. V., Chanan-Khan, A. A., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa070596 · Cited by 1,233 · see citing works
Rajkumar, S. V., Harousseau, J.-L., Durie, B., Anderson, K. C., Dimopoulos, M., Kyle, R., Blade, J., Richardson, P., Orlowski, R., Siegel, D., et al. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2010-10-299487 · Cited by 1,036 · see citing works
Self-citationRajkumar, S. V., Jacobus, S., Callander, N. S., Fonseca, R., Vesole, D. H., Williams, M. E., Abonour, R., Siegel, D. S., Katz, M., & Greipp, P. R. (2010) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(09)70284-0 · Cited by 933 · see citing works
Clinical Course and Prognosis of Smoldering (Asymptomatic) Multiple Myeloma
Kyle, R. A., Remstein, E. D., Therneau, T. M., Dispenzieri, A., Kurtin, P. J., Hodnefield, J. M., Larson, D. R., Plevak, M. F., Jelinek, D. F., Fonseca, R., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa070389 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
Continuous Lenalidomide Treatment for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Palumbo, A. P., Hájek, R., Delforge, M., Kropff, M. H., Petrucci, M. T., Catalano, J. V., Gisslinger, H., Wiktor-Jędrzejczak, W., Zodelava, M., Weisel, K. C., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1112704 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
Self-citationPérez-Persona, E., Vidriales, M.-B., Mateo, G., García-Sanz, R., Mateos, M.-V., de Coca, A. G., Galende, J., Martín-Nuñez, G., Alonso, J. M., de las Heras, N., et al. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-05-088443 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Self-citationThalidomide Alone or With Dexamethasone for Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma
Weber, D., Rankin, K., Gavino, M., Delasalle, K. B., & Alexanian, R. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2003.03.139 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Dispenzieri, A. A., Kyle, R. A., Katzmann, J. A., Therneau, T. M., Larson, D. R., Benson, J. T., Clark, R. J., Melton, L. J., Gertz, M. A., Kumar, S. K., et al. (2007) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2007-08-108357 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Hillengaß, J., Fechtner, K., Weber, M. D., Bäuerle, T., Ayyaz, S., Heiß, C., Hielscher, T., Moehler, T. M., Egerer, G., Neben, K., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2009.25.5356 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Lust, J. A., Lacy, M. Q., Zeldenrust, S. R., Dispenzieri, A. A., Gertz, M. A., Witzig, T. E., Kumar, S. K., Hayman, S. R., Russell, S. J., Buadi, F. K., et al. (2009) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/84.2.114 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Serum free light chain ratio as a biomarker for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma
Larsen, J. T., Kumar, S. K., Dispenzieri, A. A., Kyle, R. A., Katzmann, J. A., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2012) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2012.296 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Thalidomide as initial therapy for early-stage myeloma
Rajkumar, S. V., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A. A., Fonseca, R., Geyer, S. M., Iturria, N. L., Kumar, S. K., Lust, J. A., Kyle, R. A., et al. (2003) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402866 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Hjorth, M., Hellquist, L., Holmberg, E., Magnusson, B., Rödjer, S., & Westin, J. (1993) · European Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1993.tb00148.x · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Musto, P., Petrucci, M. T., Bringhen, S., Guglielmelli, T., Caravita, T., Bongarzoni, V., Andriani, A., D'Arena, G. F., Balleari, E., Pietrantuono, G., et al. (2008) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.23783 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Bianchi, G., Kyle, R. A., Larson, D. R., Witzig, T. E., Kumar, S. K., Dispenzieri, A. A., Morice, W. G., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2012) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2012.237 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Diagnosis of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
Rajkumar, S. V., Larson, D. R., & Kyle, R. A. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1106428 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Smoldering multiple myeloma: natural history and recognition of an evolving type
Rosiñol, L., Bladé, J., Esteve, J., Aymerich, M., Rozman, M., Montoto, S., Giné, E., Nadal, E., Filella, X., Queralt, R., et al. (2003) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04654.x · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Self-citationRajkumar, S. V., Harousseau, J., Durie, B. G. M., Anderson, K. C., Dimopoulos, M. A., Kyle, R. A., Bladé, J., Richardson, P. G. G., Orlowski, R. Z., Siegel, D. S. D., et al. (2011) · Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationXavier Mariette, A., Zagdanski, A., Guermazi, A., Bergot, C., Arnould, A., Frija, J., Brouet, J. C., & Fermand, J. (1999) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01244.x · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Riccardi, A., Mora, O., Tinelli, C., Valentini, D., Brugnatelli, S., Spanedda, R., Paoli, A. D., Barbarano, L., Stasi, M., Giordano, M., et al. (2000) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1054/bjoc.1999.1087 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Moulopoulos, L. A., Gika, D., Anagnostopoulos, Α., Delasalle, K. B., Weber, D. M., Alexanian, R., & Dimopoulos, M. A. (2005) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1093/annonc/mdi362 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Barlogie, B., van Rhee, F., Shaughnessy, J. D., Epstein, J., Yaccoby, S., Pineda‐Roman, M., Hollmig, K. A., Alsayed, Y. M., Hoering, A., Szymonifka, J. D., et al. (2008) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-06-164228 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Witzig, T. E., Laumann, K. M., Lacy, M. Q., Hayman, S. R., Dispenzieri, A. A., Kumar, S. K., Reeder, C. B., Roy, V., Lust, J. A., Gertz, M. A., et al. (2012) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2012.236 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
D'Arena, G. F., Gobbi, P. G., Broglia, C. M., Sacchi, S., Quarta, G., Baldini, L., D, E. I. M., Falcone, A. P., Guariglia, R., Pietrantuono, G., et al. (2011) · Leukemia & lymphoma/Leukemia and lymphoma · doi:10.3109/10428194.2011.553000 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
A prognostic index for multiple myeloma
Grignani, G., Gobbi, P., Formisano, R., Pieresca, C., Ucci, G., Brugnatelli, S., Riccardi, A., & Ascari, E. (1996) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1996.212 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Martı́n, A., García‐Sánz, R., Hernández‐Rivas, J., Bladé, J., Suquía, B., Fernández‐Calvo, J., González, M., Mateo, G., Órfão, A., & Miguel, J. F. S. (2002) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03549.x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationImaging of Myeloma Bone Disease - Implications for Staging, Prognosis and Follow-up
Dimopoulos, M. A. (2000) · Acta Oncologica · doi:10.1080/028418600750063578 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma
Rajkumar, S. V., Dimopoulos, M. A., Palumbo, A., Blade, J., Merlini, G., Mateos, M.-V., Kumar, S., Hillengass, J., Kastritis, E., Richardson, P., et al. (2014) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70442-5 · Cited by 4,978 · see citing works
Self-citationCrosby, D., Bhatia, S., Brindle, K. M., Coussens, L. M., Dive, C., Emberton, M., Esener, S., Fitzgerald, R. C., Gambhir, S. S., Kuhn, P., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aay9040 · Cited by 1,379 · see citing works
Kumar, S. K., Rajkumar, S. V., Kyle, R. A., van Duin, M., Sonneveld, P., Mateos, M., Gay, F., & Anderson, K. C. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.46 · Cited by 1,235 · see citing works
Self-citationDiagnosis and Management of Multiple Myeloma
Cowan, A. J., Green, D. J., Kwok, M., Lee, S., Coffey, D. G., Holmberg, L., Tuazon, S. A., Gopal, A. K., & Libby, E. N. (2022) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0003 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma: 2020 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification and management
Rajkumar, S. V. (2020) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.25791 · Cited by 802 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma: 2022 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Rajkumar, S. V. (2022) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.26590 · Cited by 883 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma epidemiology and survival: A unique malignancy
Kazandjian, D. G. (2016) · Seminars in Oncology · doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.11.004 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Terpos, E., Engelhardt, M. M., Cook, G., Gay, F., Mateos, M., Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos, I., van de Donk, N. W. C. J., Avet‐Loiseau, H., Hájek, R., Vangsted, A. J., et al. (2020) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-020-0876-z · Cited by 736 · see citing works
Self-citationMultiple myeloma: EHA-ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up†
Dimopoulos, M. A., Moreau, P., Terpos, E., Mateos, M. V., Zweegman, S., Cook, G., Delforge, M., Hájek, R., Schjesvold, F., Cavo, M., et al. (2021) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.014 · Cited by 900 · see citing works
Self-citationMultiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management
Rajkumar, S. V. (2024) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.27422 · Cited by 534 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma: 2016 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Rajkumar, S. V. (2016) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.24402 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Multiple Myeloma: Diagnosis and Treatment
Rajkumar, S. V., & Kumar, S. (2016) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.11.007 · Cited by 812 · see citing works
Dimopoulos, M. A., Hillengaß, J., Usmani, S. Z., Zamagni, E., Lentzsch, S., Davies, F. E., Raje, N. S., Sezer, O., Zweegman, S., Shah, J. J., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2014.57.9961 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Self-citationMultiple myeloma current treatment algorithms
Rajkumar, S. V., & Kumar, S. K. (2020) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-020-00359-2 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Monoclonal antibodies targeting <scp>CD</scp>38 in hematological malignancies and beyond
van de Donk, N. W. C. J., Janmaat, M. L., Mutis, T., Lammerts van Bueren, J. J., Ahmadi, T., Sasser, A. K., Lokhorst, H. M., & Parren, P. W. H. I. (2016) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12389 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Updated Diagnostic Criteria and Staging System for Multiple Myeloma
Rajkumar, S. V. (2016) · American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book · doi:10.1200/edbk_159009 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Malard, F., Neri, P. E., Bahlis, N. J., Terpos, E., Moukalled, N. M., Hungria, V., Manier, S., & Mohty, M. (2024) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-024-00529-7 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Caers, J., Paiva, B., Zamagni, E., Leleu, X. P., Bladé, J., Kristinsson, S. Y., Touzeau, C., Abildgaard, N., Terpos, E., Heusschen, R., et al. (2018) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0549-1 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Self-citationMessiou, C., Hillengaß, J., Delorme, S., Lecouvet, F. E., Moulopoulos, L. A., Collins, D. J., Blackledge, M., Abildgaard, N., Østergaard, B., Schlemmer, H.-P., et al. (2019) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2019181949 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Korde, N., Roschewski, M. J., Zingone, A., Kwok, M., Manasanch, E. E., Bhutani, M., Tageja, N., Kazandjian, D. G., Mailankody, S., Wu, P., et al. (2015) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.2010 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Risk stratification of smoldering multiple myeloma incorporating revised IMWG diagnostic criteria
Lakshman, A., Rajkumar, S. V., Buadi, F. K., Binder, M., Gertz, M. A., Lacy, M. Q., Dispenzieri, A. A., Dingli, D., Fonder, A. L., Hayman, S. R., et al. (2018) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-018-0077-4 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
The multiple myelomas — current concepts in cytogenetic classification and therapy
Kumar, S. K., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2018) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0018-y · Cited by 302 · see citing works
International Myeloma Working Group risk stratification model for smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM)
Mateos, M.-V., Kumar, S., Dimopoulos, M. A., González-Calle, V., Kastritis, E., Hajek, R., De Larrea, C. F., Morgan, G. J., Merlini, G., Goldschmidt, H., et al. (2020) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-020-00366-3 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Self-citationRajkumar, S. V., Landgren, O., & Mateos, M. (2015) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2014-09-568899 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Self-citationMultiple Myeloma, Version 3.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Kumar, S. K., Callander, N. S., Adekola, K., Anderson, L. D., Baljević, M., Campagnaro, E. L., Castillo, J. J., Chandler, J. C., Costello, C. L., Efebera, Y. A., et al. (2020) · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network · doi:10.6004/jnccn.2020.0057 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Randomized trial of lenalidomide versus observation in smoldering multiple myeloma
Lonial, S., Jacobus, S., Fonseca, R., Weiss, M., Kumar, S., Orlowski, R. Z., Kaufman, J. L., Yacoub, A. M., Buadi, F. K., O’Brien, T., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.19.01740 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
Gerecke, C., Fuhrmann, S., Strifler, S., Schmidt‐Hieber, M., Einsele, H., & Knop, S. T. (2016) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0470 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Immunotherapy of multiple myeloma
Minnie, S. A., & Hill, G. R. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci129205 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Engelhardt, M. M., Terpos, E., Kleber, M., Gay, F., Wäsch, R., Morgan, G. J., Cavo, M., van de Donk, N. W. C. J., Beilhack, A., Bruno, B., et al. (2014) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2013.099358 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma: 2018 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Rajkumar, S. V. (2018) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.25117 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma: 2014 Update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Rajkumar, S. V. (2014) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.23810 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
International Myeloma Working Group recommendations for global myeloma care
Ludwig, H., Miguel, J. F. S., Dimopoulos, M. A., Palumbo, A. P., García‐Sánz, R., Powles, R., Lentzsch, S., Chen, W. M., Hou, J., Jurczyszyn, A. J., et al. (2013) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2013.293 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Dhodapkar, M. V., Sexton, R., Waheed, S., Usmani, S., Papanikolaou, X., Nair, B., Petty, N., Shaughnessy, J. D., Hoering, A., Crowley, J., et al. (2014) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2013-07-515239 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Mateos, M., Hernández, M.-T., Giraldo, P., de la Rubia, J., de Arriba, F., López‐Corral, L., Rosiñol, L., Paiva, B., Palomera, L., Bargay, J., et al. (2016) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30124-3 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Self-citationNovel agents in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a review about the future
Naymagon, L., & Abdul‐Hay, M. (2016) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0282-1 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Progress and Paradigms in Multiple Myeloma
Anderson, K. C. (2016) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0625 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Myeloma today: Disease definitions and treatment advances
Rajkumar, S. V. (2015) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.24236 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Cancer immunoediting and immune dysregulation in multiple myeloma
Nakamura, K., Smyth, M. J., & Martinet, L. (2020) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2020006540 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Emerging immunotherapies in multiple myeloma
Shah, U. A., & Mailankody, S. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m3176 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Doubly blind: a systematic review of gender in randomised controlled trials
Phillips, S. P., & Hamberg, K. (2016) · Global Health Action · doi:10.3402/gha.v9.29597 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
The bone-marrow niche in MDS and MGUS: implications for AML and MM
Ghobrial, I. M., Detappe, A., Anderson, K. C., & Steensma, D. P. (2018) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.197 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Dissecting racial disparities in multiple myeloma
Marinac, C. R., Ghobrial, I. M., Birmann, B. M., Soiffer, J. L., & Rebbeck, T. R. (2020) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-020-0284-7 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Sigurdardottir, E. E., Turesson, I., Lund, S. H., Lindqvist, E. K., Mailankody, S., Korde, N., Björkholm, M., Landgren, O., & Kristinsson, S. Y. (2015) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.23 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Pérez, C., Botta, C., Zabaleta, A., Puig, N., Cedena, M., Goicoechea, I., Alameda, D., José‐Eneriz, E. S., Merino, J., Rodríguez‐Otero, P., et al. (2020) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2019004537 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationZamagni, E., Nanni, C., Gay, F., Pezzi, A., Patriarca, F. F., Bellò, M., Rambaldi, I., Tacchetti, P., Hillengaß, J., Gamberi, B., et al. (2015) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2015.291 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Prognostic and predictive biomarker developments in multiple myeloma
Wallington-Beddoe, C. T., & Mynott, R. L. (2021) · Journal of Hematology & Oncology · doi:10.1186/s13045-021-01162-7 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
t(14;18) Translocation: A Predictive Blood Biomarker for Follicular Lymphoma
Roulland, S., Kelly, R. S., Morgado, E., Sungalee, S., Solal‐Céligny, P., Colombat, P., Jouve, N., Palli, D., Pala, V. M., Tumino, R., et al. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2013.52.8190 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Multiple myeloma: the (r)evolution of current therapy and a glance into future
Gullà, A., & Anderson, K. C. (2020) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2020.247015 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
A phase II trial of pan-KIR2D blockade with IPH2101 in smoldering multiple myeloma
Korde, N., Carlsten, M., Lee, M.-J., Minter, A., Tan, E. M., Kwok, M., Manasanch, E. E., Bhutani, M., Tageja, N., Roschewski, M. J., et al. (2014) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2013.103085 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Kastritis, E., Moulopoulos, L. A., Terpos, E., Koutoulidis, V., & Dimopoulos, M. A. (2014) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2014.230 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Rögnvaldsson, S., Löve, Þ. J., Þorsteinsdóttir, S., Reed, E. R., Óskarsson, J. Þ., Pétursdóttir, Í., Sigurðardóttir, G. Á., Viðarsson, B., Onundarson, P. T., Agnarsson, B. A., et al. (2021) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-021-00480-w · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Muckli, L., Kriegeskorte, N., Lanfermann, H., Zanella, F., Singer, W., & Goebel, R. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-09-j0003.2002 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Biology and therapy of multiple myeloma
Joshua, D., Bryant, C. E., Dix, C. H. K., Gibson, J., & Ho, P. J. (2019) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.50129 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Single-cell profiling of tumour evolution in multiple myeloma — opportunities for precision medicine
Dutta, A. K., Alberge, J.-B., Sklavenitis‐Pistofidis, R., Lightbody, E. D., Getz, G. A., & Ghobrial, I. M. (2022) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00593-y · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Costa, L. J., Derman, B. A., Bal, S., Sidana, S., Chhabra, S., Silbermann, R. W., Ye, J. C., Cook, G., Cornell, R. F., Holstein, S. A., et al. (2020) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-020-01012-4 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationDaratumumab or active monitoring for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma
Dimopoulos, M. A., Voorhees, P. M., Schjesvold, F., Cohen, Y. C., Hungria, V., Sandhu, I., Lindsay, J., Baker, R. I., Suzuki, K., Kosugi, H., et al. (2025) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2409029 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationMerz, M., Hielscher, T., Wagner, B., Sauer, S., Shah, S., Raab, M., Jauch, A. T., Neben, K., Hose, D., Egerer, G., et al. (2014) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2014.75 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
The impact of intra-clonal heterogeneity on the treatment of multiple myeloma
Brioli, A., Melchor, L., Cavo, M., & Morgan, G. J. (2014) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.12805 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Combination therapeutics in complex diseases
He, B., Lu, C., Zheng, G., He, X., Wang, M., Chen, G., Zhang, G., & Lu, A. (2016) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.12930 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma: bringing the bench to the bedside
Mailankody, S., Korde, N., Lesokhin, A. M., Lendvai, N. K., Hassoun, H., Stetler‐Stevenson, M., & Landgren, O. (2015) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.239 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Siontis, B. L., Kumar, S. K., Dispenzieri, A. A., Drake, M. T., Lacy, M. Q., Buadi, F. K., Dingli, D., Kapoor, P., Gonsalves, W. I., Gertz, M. A., et al. (2015) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/bcj.2015.87 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
European Perspective on Multiple Myeloma Treatment Strategies in 2014
Ludwig, H., Sonneveld, P., Davies, F. E., Bladé, J., Boccadoro, M., Cavo, M., Morgan, G. J., de la Rubia, J., Delforge, M., Dimopoulos, M. A., et al. (2014) · The Oncologist · doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0042 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationAcosta‐Alvear, D., Cho, M. Y., Wild, T., Buchholz, T. J., Lerner, A. G., Šimáková, O., Hahn, J., Korde, N., Landgren, O., Marić, I., et al. (2015) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.08153 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Whole body diffusion weighted MRI – a new view of myeloma
Messiou, C., & Kaiser, M. (2015) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.13509 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Prevalence of smoldering multiple myeloma based on nationwide screening
Thorsteinsdóttir, S., Gíslason, G. K., Aspelund, T., Rögnvaldsson, S., Óskarsson, J. Þ., Sigurðardóttir, G. Á., Þórðardóttir, Á. R., Viðarsson, B., Önundarson, P. T., Agnarsson, B. A., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02183-6 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Larráyoz, M., Garcia-Barchino, M. J., Celay, J., Etxebeste, A., Jiménez, M., Pérez, C., Ordóñez, R., Cobaleda, C., Botta, C., Fresquet, V. J., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02178-3 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationPulte, D. D., Jansen, L., Castro, F. A., Emrich, K., Katalinic, A., Holleczek, B., Brenner, H., & the GEKID Cancer Survival Working Group (2015) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.13537 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Lust, J. A., Lacy, M. Q., Zeldenrust, S. R., Witzig, T. E., Moon‐Tasson, L. L., Dinarello, C. A., & Donovan, K. A. (2016) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.24352 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Landgren, C. O., Chari, A., Cohen, Y. C., Spencer, A., Voorhees, P., Estell, J. A., Sandhu, I., Jenner, M. W., Williams, C., Cavo, M., et al. (2020) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-020-0718-z · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Giuliani, M., Janji, B., & Berchem, G. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.15234 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
López‐Corral, L., Corchete, L. A., Sarasquete, M. E., Mateos, M., García‐Sánz, R., Fermiñán, E., Lahuerta, J. J., Bladé, J., Oriol, A., Teruel, A. I., et al. (2014) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2013.087809 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationTreatment for High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma
Kristinsson, S. Y., Holmberg, E., & Blimark, C. H. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1310911 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Landgren, O. (2013) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.478 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Nooka, A. K., Wang, M. L., Yee, A. J., Kaufman, J. L., Bae, J. E., Peterkin, D., Richardson, P. G. G., & Raje, N. S. (2018) · JAMA Oncology · doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.3267 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Novel strategies to target the ubiquitin proteasome system in multiple myeloma
Lub, S., Maes, K., Menu, E., Bruyne, E. D., Vanderkerken, K., & Valckenborgh, E. V. (2015) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.6658 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Waal, E. G. M. D., Leene, M. J., Veeger, N. J. G. M., Vos, H. J., Ong, F., Smit, W. G. J. M., Hovenga, S., Hoogendoorn, M., Hogenes, M. C. H., Beijert, M., et al. (2016) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.14291 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Paiva, B., Mateos, M., Sánchez‐Abarca, L. I., Puig, N., Vídriales, M., López‐Corral, L., Corchete, L. A., Hernández, M., Bargay, J., de Arriba, F., et al. (2015) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2015-10-662320 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationSmoldering multiple myeloma requiring treatment: time for a new definition?
Dispenzieri, A. A., Stewart, A. K., Chanan-Khan, A. A., Rajkumar, S. V., Kyle, R. A., Fonseca, R., Kapoor, P., Bergsagel, P. L., McCurdy, A. B. R., Gertz, M. A., et al. (2013) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2013-08-520890 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Gonsalves, W. I., Rajkumar, S. V., Dispenzieri, A. A., Dingli, D., Timm, M., Morice, W. G., Lacy, M. Q., Buadi, F. K., Go, R. S., Leung, N., et al. (2016) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2016.205 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Ho, M., Patel, A. S., Goh, C. Y., Moscvin, M., Zhang, L., & Bianchi, G. (2020) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-020-01051-x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Evolving changes in disease biomarkers and risk of early progression in smoldering multiple myeloma
Ravi, P. K., Kumar, S. K., Larsen, J. T., Gonsalves, W. I., Buadi, F. K., Lacy, M. Q., Go, R. S., Dispenzieri, A. A., Kapoor, P., Lust, J. A., et al. (2016) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/bcj.2016.65 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Smoldering multiple myeloma current treatment algorithms
Rajkumar, S. V., Kumar, S. K., Lonial, S., & Mateos, M. (2022) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-022-00719-0 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationFouquet, G., Guidez, S., Herbaux, C., de Wyngaert, Z. V., Bonnet, S., Beauvais, D., Demarquette, H., Adib, S., Hivert, B., Wémeau, M., et al. (2014) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2910 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Multiple Myeloma, Version 2.2016
Anderson, K. C., Alsina, M., Atanackovic, D., Biermann, J. S., Chandler, J. C., Costello, C. L., Djulbegović, B., Fung, H. C. H., Gasparetto, C., Godby, K. N., et al. (2015) · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network · doi:10.6004/jnccn.2015.0167 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
Kyle, R. A., Miguel, J. F. S., Mateos, M., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2014) · Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2014.06.005 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationPianko, M. J., Terpos, E., Roodman, G. D., Divgi, C. R., Zweegman, S., Hillengaß, J., & Lentzsch, S. (2014) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1692 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Immune biomarkers of response to immunotherapy in patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma
Sklavenitis-Pistofidis, R., Aranha, M. P., Redd, R. A., Baginska, J., Haradhvala, N. J., Hallisey, M., Dutta, A. K., Savell, A., Varmeh, S., Heilpern-Mallory, D., et al. (2022) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2022.10.017 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationSmoldering multiple myeloma risk factors for progression: a Danish population‐based cohort study
Sørrig, R., Klausen, T. W., Salomo, M., Vangsted, A. J., Østergaard, B., Gregersen, H., Frølund, U. C., Andersen, N. F., Helleberg, C., Andersen, K., et al. (2015) · European Journal Of Haematology · doi:10.1111/ejh.12728 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Molecular pathogenesis of multiple myeloma
Furukawa, Y., & Kikuchi, J. (2015) · International Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s10147-015-0837-0 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Evolving M-protein pattern in patients with smoldering multiple myeloma: impact on early progression
de Larrea, C. F., Isola, I., Pereira, A., Cibeira, M. T., Magnano, L., Tovar, N., Rodríguez‐Lobato, L. G., Calvo, X., Aróstegui, J. I., Díaz, T., et al. (2018) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-018-0013-4 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationEvolving diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma
Rajkumar, S. V. (2015) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/asheducation-2015.1.272 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Offidani, M., Corvatta, L., Morè, S., Nappi, D., Martinelli, G., Olivieri, A., & Cerchione, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.624661 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
MGUS and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: Diagnosis and Epidemiology
Mateos, M., & Landgren, O. (2016) · Cancer treatment and research · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40320-5_1 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationSolimando, A. G., Vià, M. D., Cicco, S., Leone, P., Lernia, G. D., Giannico, D., Desantis, V., Frassanito, M. A., Morizio, A., Tascon, J. D., et al. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8070997 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Laboratory Detection and Initial Diagnosis of Monoclonal Gammopathies
Keren, D. F., Bocsi, G., Billman, B. L., Etzell, J., Faix, J. D., Kumar, S., Lipe, B. C., McCudden, C. R., Montgomery, R., Murray, D. L., et al. (2021) · Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.5858/arpa.2020-0794-cp · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Gene expression profile alone is inadequate in predicting complete response in multiple myeloma
Amin, S. B., Yip, W.-K., Minvielle, S., Broyl, A., Li, Y., Hanlon, B. M., Swanson, D. M., Shah, P. K., Moreau, P., van der Holt, B., et al. (2014) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/leu.2014.140 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
van de Donk, N. W. C. J., Mutis, T., Poddighe, P. J., Lokhorst, H. M., & Zweegman, S. (2016) · International Journal of Laboratory Hematology · doi:10.1111/ijlh.12504 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Messiou, C., Porta, N., Sharma, B., Levine, D., Koh, D., Boyd, K. D., Pawlyn, C., Riddell, A. M., Downey, K., Croft, J., et al. (2021) · Radiology Imaging Cancer · doi:10.1148/rycan.2021210048 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Kumar, S., Baizer, L., Callander, N. S., Giralt, S. A., Hillengass, J., Freidlin, B., Hoering, A., Richardson, P. G., Schwartz, E. I., Reiman, A., et al. (2022) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-022-00695-5 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Mateos, M., Hernández, M.-T., Salvador, C., de la Rubia, J., de Arriba, F., López‐Corral, L., Rosiñol, L., Paiva, B., Palomera, L., Bargay, J., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2022.07.030 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Mateos, M.-V., Hernández, M.-T., Giraldo, P., de la Rubia, J., de Arriba, F., Corral, L. L., Rosiñol, L., Paiva, B., Palomera, L., Bargay, J., Oriol, A., Prosper, F., López, J., Olavarría, E., Quintana, N., García, J.-L., Bladé, J., Lahuerta, J.-J., & San Miguel, J.-F.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Universidad de Salamanca (ES)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2013-08
- Volume
- 369
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 438-447
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2144930991
- Semantic Scholar
- 26670ff667b1b637856dff4325d13f38e1b7d641
- Cited by
- 1,171
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 195 · 2017: 145 · 2016: 82 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 54.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Hispana (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Gredos (University of Salamanca) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Bone health and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Keywords
- smoldering multiple myeloma, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, early treatment, time to progression, overall survival, maintenance therapy, induction therapy, high-risk myeloma
- MeSH terms
- Lenalidomide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Dexamethasone, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Risk, Thalidomide, Survival Rate, Disease Progression, Induction Chemotherapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
