Inverted-U-shaped correlation between dopamine receptor availability in striatum and sensation seeking
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Sensation seeking is a core personality trait that declines with age in both men and women, as do also both density and availability of the dopamine D(2/3) receptors in striatum and cortical regions. In contrast, novelty seeking at a given age relates inversely to dopamine receptor availability. The simplest explanation of these findings is an inverted-U-shaped correlation between ratings of sensation seeking on the Zuckerman scale and dopamine D(2/3) receptor availability. To test the claim of an inverted-U-shaped relation between ratings of the sensation-seeking personality and measures of dopamine receptor availability, we used PET to record [(11)C]raclopride binding in striatum of 18 healthy men. Here we report that an inverted-U shape significantly matched the receptor availability as a function of the Zuckerman score, with maximum binding potentials observed in the midrange of the scale. The inverted-U shape is consistent with a negative correlation between sensation seeking and the reactivity ("gain") of dopaminergic neurotransmission to dopamine. The correlation reflects Zuckerman scores that are linearly linked to dopamine receptor densities in the striatum but nonlinearly linked to dopamine concentrations. Higher dopamine occupancy and dopamine concentrations explain the motivation that drives afflicted individuals to seek sensations, in agreement with reduced protection against addictive behavior that is characteristic of individuals with low binding potentials.
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Differences in personality traits such as sensation-seeking and impulsivity are modulated by striatal dopaminergic transmission.
“Previously studies suggested that differences in personality traits such as sensation‐seeking and impulsivity are modulated by striatal dopaminergic transmission (Derringer et al., 2010; Gjedde et al., 2010; see Munafò et al., 2008; Norbury & Husain, 2015 for review).”
From Systematic reviews of the acute effects of amphetamine on working memory and other cognitive performances in healthy individuals, with a focus on the potential influence of personality traits (2023) · cites this paper as Gjedde et al., 2010
The inverted U model proposes that optimal dopamine transmission, neither too low nor too high, is required for optimal response inhibition, and may explain discrepancies in healthy control studies.
“One reason for this discrepancy may be explained by the “inverted U” model, which proposes that optimal dopamine transmission, which is neither too low nor too high, is required for optimal response inhibition (Cools and D'Esposito, 2011; Gjedde et al., 2010; Leyton, 2007).”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as Gjedde et al., 2010
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“Gjedde et al. (2010) reported that an inverted‐”
Background
- Authors
- Gjedde, A., Kumakura, Y., Cumming, P., Linnet, J., & Møller, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2010-02-23
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3870-3875
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2840468
- OpenAlex
- W2055017424
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- sensation seeking, dopamine D2/D3 receptors, striatum, receptor availability, inverted U-shaped relationship, novelty seeking, dopamine concentration, dopamine signaling, addiction vulnerability
- MeSH terms
- Brain Mapping, Carbon Radioisotopes, Corpus Striatum, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Dopamine Antagonists, Raclopride, Positron-Emission Tomography, Receptors, Dopamine D3
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