Postreplication gaps at UV lesions are signals for checkpoint activation
Open accessAbstract
Exposure of eukaryotic cells to UV light induces a checkpoint response that delays cell-cycle progression after cells enter S phase. It has been hypothesized that this checkpoint response provides time for repair by signaling the presence of structures generated when the replication fork encounters UV-induced DNA damage. To gain insight into the nature of the signaling structures, we used time-lapse microscopy to determine the effects of deficiencies in translesion DNA polymerases on the checkpoint response of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe . We found that disruption of the genes encoding translesion DNA polymerases Polκ and Polη significantly prolonged the checkpoint response, indicating that the substrates of these enzymes are signals for checkpoint activation. Surprisingly, we found no evidence that the translesion polymerases Rev1 and Polζ repair structures that are recognized by the checkpoint despite their role in maintaining viability after UV irradiation. Quantitative flow cytometry revealed that cells lacking translesion polymerases replicate UV-damaged DNA at the same rate at WT cells, indicating that the enhanced checkpoint response of cells lacking Polκ and Polη is not the result of stalled replication forks. These observations support a model in which postreplication DNA gaps with unrepaired UV lesions in the template strand act both as substrates for translesion polymerases and as signals for checkpoint activation.
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If ssDNA gaps are left unfilled, checkpoint signals are activated and lead to G2-phase cell cycle arrest.
“If the ssDNA gaps are left unfilled, checkpoint signals are activated leading to a G2-phase cell cycle arrest [17][18][19].”
From Gap-filling and bypass at the replication fork are both active mechanisms for tolerance of low-dose ultraviolet-induced DNA damage in the human genome (2014) · cites this paper as [17]
Translesion DNA polymerase activities seem to counteract the generation of the UV-induced checkpoint signal.
“Interestingly, translesion DNA polymerase activities (TLS) seem to counteract the generation of the UV-induced checkpoint signal [61,69].”
From Mind the gap: keeping UV lesions in check (2011) · cites this paper as [69]
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- Authors
- Callegari, A. J., Clark, E., Pneuman, A., & Kelly, T. J.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2010-04-19
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 8219-8224
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2889594
- OpenAlex
- W1996421216
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM050806)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Keywords
- UV-induced DNA damage, DNA damage checkpoint, translesion DNA polymerases, Rev1, replication fork stalling, S-phase checkpoint, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, DNA repair, checkpoint signaling
- MeSH terms
- Y-Family DNA Polymerases, Cell Cycle, DNA Damage, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, DNA Replication, DNA, Fungal, Pyrimidines, Schizosaccharomyces, Ultraviolet Rays
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