Mitigating methane emissions in grazing beef cattle with a seaweed-based feed additive: implications for climate-smart agriculture
Open accessAbstract
The ruminant livestock sector considerably contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates the effectiveness of pelleted bromoform-containing seaweed ( Asparagopsis taxiformis ) (Brominata) as an enteric methane (CH 4 ) inhibitor in grazing beef cattle. The primary objective was to assess the impact of this antimethanogenic additive on enteric CH 4 emissions under real-world farm conditions. Twenty-four beef steers, crossbreeds of Wagyu and Angus, with an average liveweight of 399 ± 21.7 kg, were allocated to two treatment groups: Control and Brominata. These animals underwent regular weigh-ins every 14 d, and measurements of CH 4 , carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and hydrogen (H 2 ) emissions were conducted using the GreenFeed system. Statistical analysis was conducted using SAS 9.4, wherein the model incorporated fixed effects for treatment, time, their interaction, and a covariate, while accounting for animal variations as a random effect within each phase. Three phases of bromoform intake were identified: a 3-wk ramp-up phase, a 3-wk optimal phase, and a 2-wk decreasing phase. No differences were observed between the weekly initial and final liveweight, average daily gain, and predicted dry matter intake. During optimal and decreasing phases, average enteric CH 4 emissions were significantly reduced in steers that received Brominata supplementation compared to those without supplementation (115 vs. 185 g/d, respectively). Additionally, both groups had similar CO 2 emissions (6.8 vs. 7.2 kg/d), while H 2 emissions were lower in the control group (3.4 vs. 1.8 g/d). The findings suggest that pelleted bromoform-containing feed additive has the potential to reduce enteric CH 4 emissions from grazing beef cattle.
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Tools intended for grazing cattle generally remain early in development; CH4 vaccines show minimal or inconsistent in vivo effects, and red seaweed additives have so far produced only short-term reductions in small grazing trials.
“Tools intended for grazing cattle generally remain early in development; for example, CH 4 vaccines show minimal or inconsistent in vivo effects (Beauchemin et al., 2022), and red seaweed additives have so far produced only short-term reductions in small grazing trials (Meo-Filho et al., 2024)”
From Impact of 10 years of adaptive multi-paddock grazing on soil carbon and beef's greenhouse gas footprint in the US Upper Midwest (2026) · cites this paper as Meo-Filho et al., 2024
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- Authors
- Meo-Filho, P., Ramirez-Agudelo, J. F., & Kebreab, E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kebreab, Ermias
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2024-12-02
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 50
- Pages
- e2410863121-e2410863121
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC11648605
- OpenAlex
- W4404913182
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 15.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- University of California, Davis
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- enteric methane mitigation, seaweed feed additives, Asparagopsis taxiformis, bromoform, grazing beef cattle, greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 emissions, hydrogen emission, climate-smart agriculture, average daily gain, dry matter intake
- MeSH terms
- Greenhouse Gases, Agriculture, Animals, Animal Feed, Carbon Dioxide, Cattle, Male, Methane, Seaweed
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