The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
γ-Tocopherol traps mutagenic electrophiles such as NO x and complements α-tocopherol: Physiological implications
Open accessAbstract
Peroxynitrite, a powerful mutagenic oxidant and nitrating species, is formed by the near diffusion-limited reaction of ·NO and O 2⨪ during activation of phagocytes. Chronic inflammation induced by phagocytes is a major contributor to cancer and other degenerative diseases. We examined how γ-tocopherol (γT), the principal form of vitamin E in the United States diet, and α-tocopherol (αT), the major form in supplements, protect against peroxynitrite-induced lipid oxidation. Lipid hydroperoxide formation in liposomes (but not isolated low-density lipoprotein) exposed to peroxynitrite or the ·NO and O 2⨪ generator SIN-1 (3-morpholinosydnonimine) was inhibited more effectively by γT than αT. More importantly, nitration of γT at the nucleophilic 5-position, which proceeded in both liposomes and human low density lipoprotein at yields of ≈50% and ≈75%, respectively, was not affected by the presence of αT. These results suggest that despite αT’s action as an antioxidant γT is required to effectively remove the peroxynitrite-derived nitrating species. We postulate that γT acts in vivo as a trap for membrane-soluble electrophilic nitrogen oxides and other electrophilic mutagens, forming stable carbon-centered adducts through the nucleophilic 5-position, which is blocked in αT. Because large doses of dietary αT displace γT in plasma and other tissues, the current wisdom of vitamin E supplementation with primarily αT should be reconsidered.
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The chemistry of peroxynitrite: A product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide
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γ-Tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention
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McAndrew, J., Patel, R. P., Jo, H., Cornwell, T., Lincoln, T., Moellering, D., White, C. R., Matalon, S., & Darley-Usmar, V. (1997) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/s0146-0005(97)80002-x · Cited by 56
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New anti-RNS and -RCS products for cosmetic treatment
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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a marine functional source of gamma-tocopherol
Menoyo, D., Sanz-Bayón, C., Nessa, A., Esatbeyoglu, T., Faizan, M., Pallauf, K., De Diego, N., Wagner, A., Ipharraguerre, I., Stubhaug, I., et al. (2014) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md12125944 · Cited by 12
“In this context, it is postulated that gT acts as a trap for electrophilic nitrogen oxides forming stable carbon-centered adducts through the nucleophilic 5-position [11].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Christen, S., Woodall, A. A., Shigenaga, M. K., Southwell-Keely, P. T., Duncan, M. W., & Ames, B. N.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1997-04
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 3217-3222
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W1865284955
- Cited by
- 537
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 17.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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