The Curry Spice Curcumin Reduces Oxidative Damage and Amyloid Pathology in an Alzheimer Transgenic Mouse
Open accessAbstract
Inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is characterized by increased cytokines and activated microglia. Epidemiological studies suggest reduced AD risk associates with long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Whereas chronic ibuprofen suppressed inflammation and plaque-related pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic APPSw mouse model (Tg2576), excessive use of NSAIDs targeting cyclooxygenase I can cause gastrointestinal, liver, and renal toxicity. One alternative NSAID is curcumin, derived from the curry spice turmeric. Curcumin has an extensive history as a food additive and herbal medicine in India and is also a potent polyphenolic antioxidant. To evaluate whether it could affect Alzheimer-like pathology in the APPSw mice, we tested a low (160 ppm) and a high dose of dietary curcumin (5000 ppm) on inflammation, oxidative damage, and plaque pathology. Low and high doses of curcumin significantly lowered oxidized proteins and interleukin-1beta, a proinflammatory cytokine elevated in the brains of these mice. With low-dose but not high-dose curcumin treatment, the astrocytic marker GFAP was reduced, and insoluble beta-amyloid (Abeta), soluble Abeta, and plaque burden were significantly decreased by 43-50%. However, levels of amyloid precursor (APP) in the membrane fraction were not reduced. Microgliosis was also suppressed in neuronal layers but not adjacent to plaques. In view of its efficacy and apparent low toxicity, this Indian spice component shows promise for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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Several antioxidants are reported to lessen pathologies found in transgenic mouse models of AD.
“Several antioxidants are reported to lessen pathologies found in transgenic mouse models of AD”
From The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ prevents loss of spatial memory retention and early neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2011) · cites this paper as Lim et al., 2001
The Discussion and the section on plaque burden report that curcumin, an antioxidant, reduced oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in APPSw transgenic mice. The paper establishes this result for curcumin, not for several antioxidants, so the claim’s plural generalization is not supported by this source. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPlaque formation and the concentration of insoluble and soluble Aβ were lowered by curcumin in the same study.
“Plaque formation and the concentration of insoluble and soluble Aβ were also lowered by curcumin in the same study.”
From Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment (2020) · cites this paper as [106]
Curcumin treatment for six months significantly decreased the elevated levels of oxidized protein and proinflammatory interleukin-1β in the transgenic APPSw mouse brain (Tg2576).
“Curcumin treatment for six months significantly decreased the elevated levels of oxidized protein and proinflammatory interleukin-1β in the transgenic APPSw mouse brain (Tg2576) [106].”
From Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment (2020) · cites this paper as [106]
Low dose curcumin significantly lowered the soluble Aβ levels, insoluble amyloid and plaque burden by nearly 40%.
“Low dose curcumin significantly lowered the soluble Aβ levels, insoluble amyloid and plaque burden by nearly 40% [106].”
From Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment (2020) · cites this paper as [106]
Curcumin reduces both in-vivo and in-vitro Aβ plaque deposition.
“Curcumin has been shown to reduce both in-vivo and in-vitro Aβ plaque deposition [106,107].”
From Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment (2020) · cites this paper as [106]
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- Authors
- Lim, G. P., Chu, T., Yang, F., Beech, W., Frautschy, S. A., & Cole, G. M.
- Affiliations
- VA Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Center (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2001-11-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 8370-8377
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6762797
- OpenAlex
- W2121515004
- Cited by
- 1,530
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 96 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 88 · 2012: 91
- FWCI
- 21.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- National Institute on Aging (U01AG028583, R01AG013741, AG13471)
- National Cancer Institute (U01CA091343)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Keywords
- curcumin, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid plaques, oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, IL-1β, microglial activation, astrocytes, dietary supplementation, antioxidant polyphenols, NSAID alternatives, amyloid-beta
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid, Animals, Antioxidants, Brain, Curcumin, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Encephalitis, Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Interleukin-1, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Oxidation-Reduction, Solubility, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Spices, Microglia, Oxidative Stress, Mice
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