Ts1Cje, a partial trisomy 16 mouse model for Down syndrome, exhibits learning and behavioral abnormalities
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A mouse model for Down syndrome, Ts1Cje, has been developed. This model has made possible a step in the genetic dissection of the learning, behavioral, and neurological abnormalities associated with segmental trisomy for the region of mouse chromosome 16 homologous with the so-called “Down syndrome region” of human chromosome segment 21q22. Tests of learning in the Morris water maze and assessment of spontaneous locomotor activity reveal distinct learning and behavioral abnormalities, some of which are indicative of hippocampal dysfunction. The triplicated region in Ts1Cje, from Sod1 to Mx1 , is smaller than that in Ts65Dn, another segmental trisomy 16 mouse, and the learning deficits in Ts1Cje are less severe than those in Ts65Dn. In addition, degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, which was observed in Ts65Dn, was absent in Ts1Cje.
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These same populations of basal forebrain neurons typically develop less severe atrophy in Ts1Cje and Ts65Dn-App+/+/− mice or older ages compared with age-matched Ts65Dn mice.
“These same populations of basal forebrain neurons typically develop less severe atrophy in the Ts1Cje (Sago et al., 1998) and Ts65Dn-App ϩ/ϩ/Ϫ mice (our unpublished observation) or older ages compared with that occurring in age-matched Ts65Dn mice.”
From <i>App</i>Gene Dosage Modulates Endosomal Abnormalities of Alzheimer's Disease in a Segmental Trisomy 16 Mouse Model of Down Syndrome (2003) · cites this paper as Sago et al., 1998
The Discussion reports that at six months, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons were normal in number and size in Ts1Cje mice, unlike the loss and size decrease seen in Ts65Dn mice. This supports the comparison for Ts1Cje at that age, but the paper does not establish that Ts1Cje neurons develop atrophy or address the comparison at older ages. The sentence attributes the Ts65Dn-App observation to unpublished work, not to Sago et al. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTs65Dn and Ts1Cje mice survive to adulthood and exhibit morphological, biochemical, and transcriptional changes seen in human DS.
“Two segmental trisomy mouse models of DS, Ts65Dn (Davisson et al., 1990), and Ts1Cje (Sago et al., 1998) mice, survive to adulthood and exhibit a number of the morphological, biochemical, and transcriptional changes seen in the human disease (Davisson et al., 1990;Reeves et al., 1995;Holtzman et al., 1996).”
From <i>App</i>Gene Dosage Modulates Endosomal Abnormalities of Alzheimer's Disease in a Segmental Trisomy 16 Mouse Model of Down Syndrome (2003) · cites this paper as Sago et al., 1998
Ts1Cje mice do not develop BFCN atrophy and degeneration, and they have less severe learning and behavioral deficits than Ts65Dn mice.
“These mice do not develop BFCN atrophy and degeneration, and they have less severe learning and behavioral deficits than Ts65Dn mice (Sago et al., 1998).”
From <i>App</i>Gene Dosage Modulates Endosomal Abnormalities of Alzheimer's Disease in a Segmental Trisomy 16 Mouse Model of Down Syndrome (2003) · cites this paper as Sago et al., 1998
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- Authors
- Sago, H., Carlson, E. J., Smith, D. J., Kilbridge, J., Rubin, E. M., Mobley, W. C., Epstein, C. J., & Huang, T.-T.
- Affiliations
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Huang, Ting-Ting
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1998-05-26
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 6256-6261
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC27649
- OpenAlex
- W2079155607
- Cited by
- 382
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 19.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01hl018574-26, 5r01hd031498-05)
- National Institute on Aging (AG-08938, P01AG008938)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-18574)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-31498)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- Down syndrome, mouse model, learning deficits, Morris water maze, locomotor activity, hippocampal dysfunction, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, SOD1, MX1, chromosome 21q22
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Disease Models, Animal, Down Syndrome, Humans, Learning Disabilities, Trisomy, Mice
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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