Cited by 703Down syndrome and intellectual disability researchGenomic variations and chromosomal abnormalitiesWilliams Syndrome Research

Chromosome 21 and Down syndrome: from genomics to pathophysiology

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Antonarakis, Stylianos E., Lyle, Robert, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T., Reymond, Alexandre, Deutsch, Samuel·2004·Nature Reviews Genetics

Abstract

The sequence of chromosome 21 was a turning point for the understanding of Down syndrome. Comparative genomics is beginning to identify the functional components of the chromosome and that in turn will set the stage for the functional characterization of the sequences. Animal models combined with genome-wide analytical methods have proved indispensable for unravelling the mysteries of gene dosage imbalance.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrg1448

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98 of 98 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Car-OO· may behave as a prooxidant by further reaction with unsaturated lipids.

    “Car-OO· may behave as a prooxidant by further reaction with unsaturated lipids25”
  • Several genes of chromosome 21 are directly implicated in oxidative stress, involving Cu, Zn-SOD (SOD1), ETS2, stress-inducible factor, protein S100, DSCR1, APP, BACE1.

    “Several genes of chromosome 21 are directly implicated in oxidative stress, involving Cu, Zn-SOD (SOD1), ETS2 (ETS Proto-Oncogene 2) transcription factor, stress-inducible factor, protein S100, Down syndrome critical region gene 1 (DSCR1), amyloid precursor protein (APP), the β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) (Antonarakis et al. 2004; Helguera et al. 2005).”

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Authors
Antonarakis, S. E., Lyle, R., Dermitzakis, E. T., Reymond, A., & Deutsch, S.
Affiliations
  • University of Geneva (CH)
  • Wellcome Sanger Institute (GB)
Corresponding author
Antonarakis, Stylianos E.
Venue
Nature Reviews Genetics
Published
2004-10
Volume
5
Issue
10
Pages
725-738
ISSN
  • 1471-0056 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-0064
OpenAlex
W2006124071
Cited by
703
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 38
FWCI
4.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • European Commission
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Williams Syndrome Research
Keywords
chromosome 21, Down syndrome, comparative genomics, gene dosage imbalance, pathophysiology, animal models
MeSH terms
Animals, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21, Disease Models, Animal, Down Syndrome, Humans, Phenotype, Trisomy, Genetic Variation, Gene Expression, Mice

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