The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Isoform-specific effects of human apolipoprotein E on brain function revealed in ApoE knockout mice: Increased susceptibility of females
Open accessAbstract
Apolipoprotein E (apoE) mediates the redistribution of lipids among cells and is expressed at highest levels in brain and liver. Human apoE exists in three major isoforms encoded by distinct alleles (ɛ 2 , ɛ 3 , and ɛ 4 ). Compared with APOE ɛ 2 and ɛ 3 , APOE ɛ 4 increases the risk of cognitive impairments, lowers the age of onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and decreases the response to AD treatments. Besides age, inheritance of the APOE ɛ 4 allele is the most important known risk factor for the development of sporadic AD, the most common form of this illness. Although numerous hypotheses have been advanced, it remains unclear how APOE ɛ 4 might affect cognition and increase AD risk. To assess the effects of distinct human apoE isoforms on the brain, we have used the neuron-specific enolase (NSE) promoter to express human apoE3 or apoE4 at similar levels in neurons of transgenic mice lacking endogenous mouse apoE. Compared with NSE-apoE3 mice and wild-type controls, NSE-apoE4 mice showed impairments in learning a water maze task and in vertical exploratory behavior that increased with age and were seen primarily in females. These findings demonstrate that human apoE isoforms have differential effects on brain function in vivo and that the susceptibility to apoE4-induced deficits is critically influenced by age and gender. These results could be pertinent to cognitive impairments observed in human APOE ɛ 4 carriers. NSE-apoE mice and similar models may facilitate the preclinical assessment of treatments for apoE-related cognitive deficits.
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“The APOE4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for late-onset AD and was previously shown to accelerate AD progression in humans and in mouse models 6-11 .”
From APOE4 impairs the microglial response in Alzheimer’s disease by inducing TGFβ-mediated checkpoints (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“The APOE4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).”
From APOE4 impairs the microglial response in Alzheimer’s disease by inducing TGFβ-mediated checkpoints (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“Although the genetic association of apoE4 and, more specifically, apoE4[L28P] with LOAD has been established, previous attempts to model this effect in experimental animals have yielded conflicting results.”
From Molecular Basis for Increased Risk for Late-onset Alzheimer Disease Due to the Naturally Occurring L28P Mutation in Apolipoprotein E4 (2014) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“In contrast, in another study, transgenic WT apoE4 mice lacking endogenous mouse apoE and expressing human apoE transgenes in neurons, under the control of the neuron-specific enolase promoter, showed impairments in learning a water maze task and in vertical exploratory behavior that increased with age compared with neuron-specific enolase-apoE3 transgenic mice and control non-transgenic mice (62)”
From Molecular Basis for Increased Risk for Late-onset Alzheimer Disease Due to the Naturally Occurring L28P Mutation in Apolipoprotein E4 (2014) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“and were more severely impaired in learning and memory (Hartman et al., 2001; Raber et al., 1998; Raber et al., 2000).”
From The role of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease (2009) · cites this paper as Raber et al., 1998
In the citing paper
“These mice have impairments in learning and memory [50], as well as a loss of dendritic spines in primary neurons and in the hippocampus and cortex [21].”
From Arf4 Determines Dentate Gyrus-Mediated Pattern Separation by Regulating Dendritic Spine Development (2012) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“Some studies show no significant cognitive impairments compared to either wild type or human apoE3 expressing mice (Raber et al., 1998, Grootendorst et al., 2005, Hartman et al., 2001, van Meer et al., 2007)”
From Apolipoprotein E–low density lipoprotein receptor interaction affects spatial memory retention and brain ApoE levels in an isoform-dependent manner (2014) · cites this paper as Raber et al., 1998
In the citing paper
“apoE isoform specific sex differences in behavior have been previously shown (Raber et al., 1998, Raber et al., 2000).”
From Apolipoprotein E–low density lipoprotein receptor interaction affects spatial memory retention and brain ApoE levels in an isoform-dependent manner (2014) · cites this paper as Raber et al., 1998
In the citing paper
“For example, both apoE4 transgenic and apoE4-KI mice show age- and sex-dependent learning and memory deficits in the absence of Aβ accumulation, as compared to apoE3 transgenic and apoE3-KI mice [68–71].”
From Apolipoprotein E4, inhibitory network dysfunction, and Alzheimer’s disease (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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Estradiol enhances long term potentiation in hippocampal slices from aged apoE4‐TR mice
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ResultBott, J.-B., Héraud, C., Cosquer, B., Herbeaux, K., Aubert, J., Sartori, M., Goutagny, R., & Mathis, C. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1174-16.2016 · Cited by 34
“However, those studies investigated age-related deficits in older mice (Bour et al., 2008) or mice overexpressing APOE4 (Raber et al., 1998), whereas we focused here on lesion-induced impairments.”
BackgroundResultHigher levels of kallikrein‐8 in female brain may increase the risk for Alzheimer's disease
Keyvani, K., Münster, Y., Kurapati, N. K., Rubach, S., Schönborn, A., Kocakavuk, E., Karout, M., Hammesfahr, P., Wang, Y., Hermann, D. M., et al. (2018) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12599 · Cited by 32
“For example, the APOE E4 gene is reported to increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease and to promote the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease particularly in women (2, 20) and further to provoke cognitive deficits predominantly in female mice (51), whereas the neuroprotective potential Brai…”
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“Indeed, our results add to those of others showing significant differences between adult male and female apoE / mice (Raber et al., 1998).”
ResultHao, E., Pang, G., Du, Z., Lai, Y., Chen, J., Xie, J., Zhou, K., Hou, X., Hsiao, C., & Deng, J. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20020405 · Cited by 30
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MethodArgyri, L., Dafnis, I., Theodossiou, T. A., Gantz, D., Stratikos, E., & Chroni, A. (2014) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.538124 · Cited by 30
“In contrast, in another study, transgenic WT apoE4 mice lacking endogenous mouse apoE and expressing human apoE transgenes in neurons, under the control of the neuron-specific enolase promoter, showed impairments in learning a water maze task and in vertical exploratory behavior that increased with age compared with n…”
Reduced neuronal signaling in the ageing apolipoprotein-E4 targeted replacement female mice
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Schizophrenic women with the APOE ε4 allele have a worse prognosis than those without it
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Guardia-Escote, L., Basaure, P., Blanco, J., Cabré, M., Pérez-Fernández, C., Sánchez-Santed, F., Domingo, J. L., & Colomina, M. T. (2018) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.069 · Cited by 30
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BackgroundResultYeiser, L. A., Villasana, L., & Raber, J. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.029 · Cited by 29
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“The possibility that human ApoE isoforms have differential effects on brain function has been largely suspected (37), and some of these isoform-specific effects could be explained by differential interactions of isoforms with lipoprotein receptors (38).”
BackgroundIn search of genes involved in neurodegenerative disorders
Pardo, L. M., & van Duijn, C. M. (2005) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.06.006 · Cited by 30
Apolipoprotein E and Presenilin-1 Allelic Variation and Alzheimer's Disease in India
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Apolipoprotein E is found in astrocytes but not in microglia in the normal mouse brain
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“Females were selected due to the reported enhanced susceptibility to APOE4-driven deficits in cognitive function in both female humans [27, 28] and female mice [29, 30].”
Acetylcholine receptor and behavioral deficits in mice lacking apolipoprotein E
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“Apoe−/− were unable to acquire performance on the 5-SRTT, a finding that was not due to motor deficits, as previous studies have shown normal motor abilities in these mice (Raber et al., 1998).”
ResultSelf-citationSex Differences in Presynaptic Density and Neurogenesis in Middle-Aged ApoE4 and ApoE Knockout Mice
Rijpma, A., Jansen, D., Arnoldussen, I. A. C., Fang, X. T., Wiesmann, M., Mutsaers, M. P. C., Dederen, P. J. W. C., Janssen, C. I. F., & Kiliaan, A. J. (2013) · Journal of Neurodegenerative Diseases · doi:10.1155/2013/531326 · Cited by 32
“e harmful effect of estrogen in those carrying the APOE4 genotype could also explain the stronger association of APOE4 with AD in women [26–28] and the increased susceptibility of female apoE4mice to spatialmemory de�cits [29, 30].”
BackgroundChildren of Persons With Alzheimer Disease
Jarvik, L. F., LaRue, A. A., Blacker, D., Gatz, M., Kawas, C. H., McArdle, J. J., Morris, J. C., Mortimer, J. A., Ringman, J. M., Ercoli, L. M., et al. (2008) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/wad.0b013e31816653ac · Cited by 31
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“With the isoform-dependent effects of apoE on measures of anxiety in mice (Raber et al. 1998; Robertson et al. 2005) and humans (Robertson et al. 2005), increased measures of anxiety in apoE-deficient mice (Raber et al. 2000; Bongers et al. 2004), and isoform-dependent effects of apoE on…”
BackgroundSelf-citationImmune dysfunction in Alzheimer disease
Butovsky, O., Rosenzweig, N., Kleemann, K. L., Jorfi, M., Kuchroo, V. K., Tanzi, R. E., & Weiner, H. L. (2025) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-025-00997-0 · Cited by 41
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“Based on the approach of targeted replacement with either fulllength or truncated forms of human apoE inApoE / mice (19, 71, 73), in the future, it would be interesting to use a similar approach to test for the potential protective effect of the apoE 25-kDa fragment on synaptic and cognitive dysfunctions in vivo.”
MethodChapter 3 Folate Deprivation, the Methionine Cycle, and Alzheimer's Disease
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“Furthermore, overexpression of apoE4 has deleterious effects in the CNS of transgenic mice when compared to apoE3 or non-transgenic littermates.(51) This suggests that apoE4 might represent a metabolically abnormal isoform, since in humans apoE4 showed a faster catabolism then apoE3, induced a rapid catabolism of chol…”
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Apolipoprotein E is a genetic risk factor for fetal iodine deficiency disorder in China
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“13 Similar changes are reported in APOE knockout mice, and also when the human ApoE e4 transgene is introduced into APOE null mice”
BackgroundCognitive Impairment in Neurological Diseases: Lessons from Apolipoprotein E
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“learning and memory [20, 21], and altered long-term”
Effects of apolipoprotein E isoform, sex, and diet on insulin BBB pharmacokinetics in mice
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Self-citationEnhanced ethanol-, but not cocaine-induced, conditioned place preference in Apoe−/− mice
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“At the preclinical level, initial studies on apoE knockout mice readily suggested an implication of apoE in learning and memory (Champagne et al. 2002; Raber et al. 1998).”
BackgroundMolecular pathogenesis of apolipoprotein E-mediated amyloidosis in late-onset Alzheimer's disease
Tomiyama, T., Corder, E. H., & Mori, H. (1999) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s000180050428 · Cited by 22
Lysosomal proteomics reveals mechanisms of neuronal APOE4-associated lysosomal dysfunction
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“The present findings thata-syn2/2 female mice have a more pronounced apoE4 phenotype than the corresponding male mice is consistent with previous findings that were observed with a-syn1/1 apoE4 mice [59,60], suggesting that these apoE4-driven phenotypes are independent of synuclein background status.”
ResultKulkarni, P., Grant, S. E., Morrison, T. R., Cai, X., Iriah, S. C., Kristal, B. S., Honeycutt, J. A., Brenhouse, H. C., Hartner, J. C., Madularu, D., et al. (2020) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147030 · Cited by 19
Transgenic Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Sugarman, M. C., Hinton, S. F., & LaFerla, F. M. (2001) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-006-3_2 · Cited by 20
“Several approaches to express human ApoE in null mice have used neuronal specific promoters (97,99,100).”
BackgroundHuber, G., März, W., Martin, J. R., Malherbe, P., Richards, J. G., Sueoka, N., Ohm, T., & Hoffmann, M. M. (2000) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00341-9 · Cited by 20
The apoE receptor apoER2 is involved in the maintenance of efficient synaptic plasticity
Petit-Turcotte, C., Aumont, N., Beffert, U., Dea, D., Herz, J., & Poirier, J. (2004) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.04.007 · Cited by 20
APOE genotype and sex modulate Alzheimer’s disease pathology in aged EFAD transgenic mice
Balu, D., Valencia‐Olvera, A. C., Islam, Z., Mielczarek, C., Hansen, A. L., Ramos, T. M. P., York, J. M., LaDu, M. J., & Tai, L. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2023.1279343 · Cited by 20
The Rationale for Insulin Therapy in Alzheimer’s Disease
Ribarič, S. (2016) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules21060689 · Cited by 20
“The implication of ApoE-ε in the development of AD was demonstrated by the following studies: (1) in transgenic mice, C-terminal truncated ApoE-ε4 removed Aβ with low efficiency and also acted synergistically with Aβ to contribute to neuronal and behavioural deficits [227]; (2) carboxyl-terminal-truncated apolipoprote…”
BackgroundApolipoprotein E deficiency effects on learning in mice are dependent upon the background strain
Lominska, C. E., Levin-Allerhand, J. A., Wang, J., Sikes, J. L., Kao, C., & Smith, J. D. (2001) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00365-x · Cited by 18
Grootendorst, J., Oitzl, M. S., Dalm, S., Enthoven, L., Schachner, M., de Kloet, E. R., & Sandi, C. (2001) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01766.x · Cited by 18
“…of spatial learning abilities of apoE0/0 mice has been reported by several groups (Gordon et al., 1995; Masliah et al., 1995; Oitzl et al., 1997; Raber et al., 1998; Zhou et al., 1998; Krzywkowski et al., 1999), although some groups could not detect differences in hippocampus-dependent…”
BackgroundChaudhari, K., Wong, J. M., Vann, P. H., & Sumien, N. (2014) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2014.04.004 · Cited by 17
Understanding How Exercise Promotes Cognitive Integrity in the Aging Brain
Laitman, B. M., & John, G. R. (2015) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002300 · Cited by 18
“These data extend previous studies showing that ApoE deficiency in mice leads to progressive age-related neurovascular dysfunction [9,20,21] and suggest a potential link between astrocytic ApoE, age-related neurovascular dysfunction, and microglial/monocyte activation.”
ResultTraversy, M.-T., Vandal, M., Tremblay, C., Tournissac, M., Giguère-Rancourt, A., Bennett, A. D., & Calon, F. (2016) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.11.028 · Cited by 16
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Effects of apolipoprotein E on nutritional metabolism in dementia
Farmer, B. C., Johnson, L. A., & Hanson, A. J. (2018) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000566 · Cited by 16
Lipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease
Xu, Q., & Huang, Y. (2006) · Future Lipidology · doi:10.2217/17460875.1.4.441 · Cited by 16
“Moreover, synaptic and dendritic alterations and significant learning deficits, all of which have been associated with local neurite remodeling, are observed in ApoEdeficient mice [140] and ApoE4 transgenic mice [141–146].”
BackgroundStrattan, L. E., Britsch, D. R. S., Calulot, C. M., Maggard, R. S. J., Abner, E. L., Johnson, L. A., & Alilain, W. J. (2021) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0464-20.2021 · Cited by 17
“In rodents, apoE4-related deficits in learning and memory are aggravated in females, indicating that synaptic plasticity in the brain is impaired in a sex-dependent manner (Raber et al., 1998; Kulkarni et al., 2020).”
BackgroundEkuni, D., Endo, Y., Tomofuji, T., Azuma, T., Irie, K., Kasuyama, K., & Morita, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074966 · Cited by 16
“Some studies show that apoE-deficient mice display a learning deficit in complex tasks involving hippocampal functions [41-46].”
BackgroundChoi, Y. Y., Lee, J. J., Choi, K. Y., Seo, E. H., Choo, I. H., Kim, H., Song, M., Choi, S., Cho, S. H., Kim, B. C., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.604238 · Cited by 16
Belinson, H., & Michaelson, D. M. (2009) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2009-1065 · Cited by 15
“Thy 1 promoters [24,25]), as well as such mice that”
InfluentialApoE4 confers better spatial memory than apoE3 in young adult hAPP-Yac/apoE-TR mice
Moreau, P., Bott, J.-B., Zerbinatti, C., Renger, J. J., Kelche, C. R., Cassel, J., & Mathis, C. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.12.043 · Cited by 18
Goltermann, J., Redlich, R., Dohm, K., Zaremba, D., Repple, J., Flint, C., Grotegerd, D., Förster, K., Meinert, S., Enneking, V., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00552 · Cited by 18
Meng, F., Zhao, J., Fang, H., & Liu, Y.-J. (2015) · Stress · doi:10.3109/10253890.2015.1040986 · Cited by 18
“ApoE transgenic mouse studies have strongly suggested that ApoE genotype is implicated in cognition, as spatial memory retention is impaired in GFAP-ApoE4 female mice compared with age-matched GFAP-ApoE3 female mice (Raber et al., 1998; van Meer et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMcLean, J. W., Bhattrai, A., Vitali, F., Raikes, A. C., Wiegand, J. L., & Brinton, R. D. (2022) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.053588.122 · Cited by 15
Fu, Y., Zhao, D., Pan, B., Wang, J., Cui, Y., Shi, F., Wang, C., Yin, X., Zhou, X., & Yang, L. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-150312 · Cited by 14
Song, C., Gao, X., Song, W., Zeng, D., Shan, S., Yin, Y., Li, Y., Baranenko, D., & Lu, W. (2020) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d0ra01017k · Cited by 14
Salomon‐Zimri, S., Liraz, O., & Michaelson, D. M. (2015) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring · doi:10.1016/j.dadm.2014.11.014 · Cited by 14
Exercise, but not antioxidants, reversed ApoE4-associated motor impairments in adult GFAP-ApoE mice
Chaudhari, K., Wong, J. M., Vann, P. H., & Sumien, N. (2016) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.014 · Cited by 14
Klonarakis, M., Vos, M. D., Woo, E. K., Ralph, L. T., Thacker, J. S., & Gil‐Mohapel, J. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104541 · Cited by 14
Personality traits in young female apolipoprotein E (apoE) ε4 and non‐ε4 carriers
Tsai, S., Yu, Y. W. ‐., & Hong, C. (2003) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.20052 · Cited by 13
“First, in animal study, it has been demonstrated that the central effect of apoE is sex- and age-dependent [Raber et al., 1998; Lominska et al., 2001].”
BackgroundGulbranson, D. R., Ho, K., Yu, G.-Q., Yu, X., Das, M. M., Shao, E., Kim, D., Zhang, W. J., Choudhary, K., Thomas, R., et al. (2021) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0089-21.2021 · Cited by 14
“For example, mouse models have shown that human amyloid precursor proteins (hAPPs), apolipoprotein E4, and tau can each cause neural network and cognitive dysfunctions independent of the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (Raber et al., 1998; Holcomb et al., 1999; Hsia et al., 1999; Mucke et al.,…”
BackgroundSelf-citationTfm‐AR modulates the effects of ApoE4 on cognition
Rizk‐Jackson, A., Robertson, J., & Raber, J. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.05092.x · Cited by 12
“Consistent with these human data, adult apolipoprotein E isoform (apoE4) transgenic female mice expressing apoE4 in neurons (Raber et al. 1998, 2000b) or astrocytes (Van Meer et al. 2007) show spatial learning and memory impairments.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationInsulin BBB pharmacokinetics in young apoE male and female transgenic mice
Rhea, E. M., Torres, E. R. S., Raber, J., & Banks, W. A. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228455 · Cited by 12
Self-citationAccelerated midlife endocrine and bioenergetic brain aging in APOE4 females
Wang, T., Mao, Z., Shang, Y., Merlini, S., Vitali, F., Wiegand, J. L., & Brinton, R. D. (2025) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1632877 · Cited by 12
Ezra, Y., Oron, L., Moskovich, L., Roses, A. D., Beni, S. M., Shohami, E., & Michaelson, D. M. (2003) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(03)00436-6 · Cited by 11
“human apoE2, apoE3 and apoE4) on a null mouse apoE background (Buttini et al., 1999; Knouff et al., 1999; Raber et al., 1998; Sullivan et al., 1998; Sun et al., 1998; Xu et al., 1996) and the availability of experimentally controlled head injury paradigms (Chen et al.”
BackgroundInfluence of metformin on mitochondrial subproteome in the brain of apoE knockout mice
Suski, M., Olszanecki, R., Chmura, Ł., Stachowicz, A., Madej, J., Okoń, K., Adamek, D., & Korbut, R. (2015) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.036 · Cited by 10
Don‐Doncow, N., Vanherle, L., Matthes, F., Petersen, S. K., Matušková, H., Rattik, S., Härtlová, A., & Meißner, A. (2021) · npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1038/s41514-021-00071-w · Cited by 11
ApoE Genotype-Dependent Response to Antioxidant and Exercise Interventions on Brain Function
Chaudhari, K., Wong, J. M., Vann, P. H., Como, T., O’Bryant, S. E., & Sumien, N. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9060553 · Cited by 9
“Different mouse models expressing human ApoE4 exhibited poor spatial learning and memory [36,38,42].”
BackgroundHendrickx, D. M., Garcia, P., Ashrafi, A., Sciortino, A., Schmit, K. J., Kollmus, H., Nicot, N., Kaoma, T., Vallar, L., Buttini, M., et al. (2020) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-020-02085-z · Cited by 10
Self-citationDiaz, J. R., Martá-Ariza, M., Khodadadi‐Jamayran, A., Heguy, A., Tsirigos, A., Pankiewicz, J. E., Sullivan, P. M., & Sadowski, M. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.845291 · Cited by 11
Glucocorticoids and the Aging Brain: Cause or Consequence?
Lucassen, P. J., & de Kloet, E. R. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012351830-9/50064-0 · Cited by 10
Guardia-Escote, L., Biosca-Brull, J., Cabré, M., Blanco, J., Mladenova-Koleva, M., Basaure, P., Pérez-Fernández, C., Sánchez-Santed, F., Domingo, J. L., & Colomina, M. T. (2023) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-023-03555-8 · Cited by 9
Guaraldi, M. T., & Shea, T. B. (2018) · The Open Neurology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874205x01812010012 · Cited by 9
“The E4 allele of ApoE has been implicated as a genetic risk for AD [17].”
BackgroundLestaevel, P., Airault, F., Racine, R., Bensoussan, H., Dhieux, B., Delissen, O., Manens, L., Aigueperse, J., Voisin, P., & Souidi, M. (2013) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-013-0038-0 · Cited by 9
“The effects of enriched housing conditions on female ApoE−/− mice should also be tested since ApoE-induced deficits are critically influenced by gender (Raber et al. 1998).”
BackgroundModerators of gene-outcome associations following traumatic brain injury
Carmichael, J. J., Hicks, A. J., Spitz, G., Gould, K. R., & Ponsford, J. L. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.015 · Cited by 11
Jamal, M., Ito, A., Tanaka, N., Miki, T., Takakura, A., Suzuki, S., Ameno, K., & Kinoshita, H. (2018) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-018-1074-6 · Cited by 9
Factors influencing recovery from mild traumatic brain injury
Johnson, L. W., Lundgren, K., Henrich, V. C., & Phillips, S. (2020) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2020.1795719 · Cited by 8
Tang, K.-F., Cai, L., & Zhou, J. (2009) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-009-0324-6 · Cited by 8
APOE, Immune Factors, Sex, and Diet Interact to Shape Brain Networks in Mouse Models of Aging
Winter, S., Mahzarnia, A., Anderson, R. J., Han, Z. Y., Tremblay, J. T., Stout, J. A., Moon, H. S., Marcellino, D. J., Dunson, D. B., & Badea, A. (2023) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/j.mri.2024.110251 · Cited by 9
Hyperbaric oxygen alleviates selective domains of cognitive and motor deficits in female 5xFAD mice
Mensah-Kane, P., Davis, D., Shi, H. S., Trinh, O. T. P., Vann, P. H., Dory, L., & Sumien, N. (2023) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-023-01047-2 · Cited by 7
Neuroglia in neurodegeneration: Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington disease
Lim, D., Matute, C., Cavaliere, F., & Verkhratsky, A. (2025) · Handbook of Clinical Neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19102-2.00012-0 · Cited by 8
Apolipoprotein E loss of function: Influence on murine brain markers of physiology and pathology
Buchanan, H. M., Hull, C. E., Barraza, M. C., Delibegović, M., & Platt, B. (2022) · Aging Brain · doi:10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100055 · Cited by 7
“However, previous work has shown that female ApoE / animals display elevated serum cholesterol levels and an increased susceptibility to developing atherosclerosis vs males [8,67], a phenotype which may contribute to the documented worsened cognitive dysfunction also seen in this sex [32,54].”
BackgroundEvaluating the Effects of APOE4 after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Experimental Models
Kobeissy, F. H. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18126-16 · Cited by 8
Kessler, K., Giannisis, A., Bial, G., Foquet, L., Nielsen, H. M., & Raber, J. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28165-3 · Cited by 6
Self-citationLife-span influences of apoE4 on CNS function
Teter, B. (2006) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.06.028 · Cited by 6
Apolipoprotein E and Amyloid-β-Independent Mechanisms in Alzheimer’s Disease
Kanekiyo, T., & Bu, G. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802851-3.00006-1 · Cited by 6
Patil, S. S., Boddul, S. V., Schlick, K., Kang, S. U., Zehetmayer, S., Höger, H., & Lübec, G. (2010) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20788 · Cited by 6
“…et al., 2004; Hoffman et al., 2005; Pollak et al., 2006a,b; Sunyer et al., 2009) and proteins linked to spatial memory formation in the mouse (Raber et al., 1998; Weeber et al., 2002; Robles et al., 2003; Wood et al., 2005; Henninger et al., 2007; Antion et al., 2008; Sunyer et al., 2008b;…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Raber, J., Wong, D., Buttini, M., Orth, M., Bellosta, S., Pitas, R. E., Mahley, R. W., & Mucke, L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1998-09
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 10914-10919
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC27995
- OpenAlex
- W2106067304
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 10.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- apolipoprotein E, APOE ε4, APOE isoforms, Alzheimer's disease risk, cognitive impairment, learning deficits, sex differences, age-dependent effects, neuron-specific enolase promoter, transgenic mice, brain function, lipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Alleles, Animals, Apolipoproteins E, Avoidance Learning, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Transgenic, Neurons, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Sex Factors, Mice, Knockout, Maze Learning, Mice
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