Cited by 192Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsInflammasome and immune disorders

TREM2 dependent and independent functions of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease

Open access
Hou, Jinchao, Chen, Yun, Grajales-Reyes, Gary, Colonna, Marco·2022·Molecular Neurodegeneration

Abstract

Microglia are central players in brain innate immunity and have been the subject of extensive research in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, we aim to summarize the genetic and functional discoveries that have advanced our understanding of microglia reactivity to AD pathology. Given the heightened AD risk posed by rare variants of the microglial triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), we will focus on the studies addressing the impact of this receptor on microglia responses to amyloid plaques, tauopathy and demyelination pathologies in mouse and human. Finally, we will discuss the implications of recent discoveries on microglia and TREM2 biology on potential therapeutic strategies for AD.

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Crossref · 10.1186/s13024-022-00588-y

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  • Processing of TREM2 by γ-secretase generates soluble TREM2, which modulates microglial survival and activation in the AD context.

    “Processing of TREM2 by γ -secretase generates soluble TREM2, which modulates microglial sur­ vival and activation in the AD context [14].”

    From Is there a role for B cells in Alzheimer's disease? (2026) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Soluble TREM2 section (page unavailable) says that sTREM2 increased primary microglial survival in vitro and may trigger an independent signaling pathway. But it explicitly identifies ADAM10/17-mediated cleavage—not γ-secretase processing—as the process that generates sTREM2. It does not establish a direct effect of sTREM2 on microglial activation in AD. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • TREM2 ligands include zwitterionic and anionic phospholipids, glycolipids, apoptotic cells, lipoproteins such as HDL, LDL, APOE and APOJ/CLU, as well as Aβ.

    “TREM2 ligands include zwitterionic and anionic phospholipids, glycolipids, apoptotic cells, lipoproteins such as HDL, LDL, APOE and APOJ/CLU, as well as Aβ [30, 31].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [121]Depp C, Sun T, Sasmita AO, Spieth L, Berghoff SA, Steixner-Kumar AA, Subramanian S, Möbius W, Göbbels S, Saher G et al: Ageing-associated myelin dysfunction drives amyloid deposition in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease. 2021. BioRixv. Available from https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/08/02/2021.07.31.454562.full.pdf.

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Authors
Hou, J., Chen, Y., Grajales-Reyes, G., & Colonna, M.
Affiliations
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
Corresponding author
Colonna, Marco
Venue
Molecular Neurodegeneration
Published
2022-12-23
Volume
17
Issue
1
Pages
84-84
ISSN
1750-1326 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4312179313
Cited by
191
References
214
Citations by year
2026: 49 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 23
FWCI
3.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular Neurodegeneration (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Institutes of Health (RF1 AG051485, R21 AG059176, RF1 AG059082)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
Keywords
microglia, TREM2, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid plaques, tauopathy, demyelination, microglial activation, innate immunity, Alzheimer's disease therapeutics
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Brain, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Membrane Glycoproteins, Receptors, Immunologic, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Microglia, Mice

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