Background diet influences the anti-inflammatory effect of α-linolenic acid in dyslipidaemic subjects
Open accessAbstract
Long-chain n-3 PUFA from fish oils are known to have anti-inflammatory effects. We evaluated the effect of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), precursor of n-3 fatty acids, on serum inflammatory markers and soluble cellular adhesion molecules (sCAM) of dyslipidaemic males, relative to their background diet. Participants were assigned to two groups, based upon food intake patterns: (a) twenty-one dyslipidaemic subjects who habitually ate a Mediterranean-Cretan-type diet; (b) nineteen dyslipidaemic subjects who normally ate a Westernised Greek diet. All were supplemented with 8.1 g ALA/d for 12 weeks. We determined serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), IL-6, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and soluble E-selectin concentrations at the beginning and the end of the ALA supplementation period. Serum baseline concentrations of inflammatory markers and sCAM were similar across the diet groups. Type of diet had a significant impact on the response of inflammatory markers to ALA supplementation. The Westernised Greek diet group showed a reduction in SAA (P<0.001), CRP (P=0.002), MCSF (P=0.005) and IL-6 (P=0.04) concentrations. The Mediterranean-Cretan-type background diet group showed a significant reduction only in MCSF concentrations (P=0.003). The sVCAM-1 concentrations were significantly reduced in both the Westernised Greek diet group (P=0.001) and the Mediterranean-Cretan-type diet group (P<0.001). The present study demonstrated that ALA supplementation lowered the serum concentrations of inflammatory markers more profoundly when the background diet was rich in saturated fatty acids and poor in MUFA.
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In men aged 25-60 years, 5-week diets rich in stearic acid or in lauric, myristic and palmitic acids increase CRP, fibrinogen, IL-6 and sE-selectin concentrations compared with an oleic acid-enriched diet.
“An intervention study feeding diets rich in stearic acid (18 : 0) or in lauric, myristic (14 : 0) and palmitic acids to men aged 25 -60 years for 5 weeks showed higher concentrations of CRP, fibrinogen, IL-6 and sE-selectin compared with a diet enriched in oleic acid (18 : 1n-9) (586)”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [586]
In healthy men, a 5-week trans-fatty acid-enriched diet results in higher CRP and IL-6 concentrations than diets rich in oleic acid, stearic acid, or the combination of lauric, myristic and palmitic acids.
“In a 5-week intervention in healthy men, a transfatty acid-enriched diet resulted in higher CRP and IL-6 concentrations than diets rich in oleic acid, stearic acid or the combination of lauric, myristic and palmitic acids (586)”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [586]
In the same intervention, sE-selectin concentration is higher after the trans-fatty acid diet than in all other dietary groups, including the stearic acid and lauric+myristic+palmitic groups.
“Furthermore, the concentration of sE-selectin was higher than in all other dietary groups including the stearic acid and lauric þ myristic þ palmitic groups.”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [586]
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Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity
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- Authors
- Paschos, G. K., Rallidis, L. S., Liakos, G. K., Panagiotakos, D., Anastasiadis, G., Votteas, V., & Zampelas, A.
- Affiliations
- Harokopio University of Athens (GR)
- General Hospital of Nikea (GR)
- Laiko General Hospital of Athens (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Zampelas, Antonis
- Venue
- British Journal Of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004-10
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 649-655
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2120136706
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- General Secretariat for Research and Technology
- Harokopio University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Keywords
- alpha-linolenic acid, dyslipidemia, anti-inflammatory activity, Mediterranean diet, serum inflammatory markers, soluble adhesion molecules, serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-6, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, soluble E-selectin, dietary saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, dietary supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diet, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Biomarkers, Cell Adhesion Molecules, alpha-Linolenic Acid, Dietary Supplements, Diet, Mediterranean
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