Cognitive and neural correlates of aerobic fitness in obese older adults.
Open accessAbstract
UNLABELLED: BacKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT: Aerobic fitness is associated with preserved cognition and brain volume in older adulthood. The current study investigated whether the benefits of aerobic fitness extend to obese older adults, a segment of the population that is rapidly growing and who exhibit compromised cognition and brain structure relative to their nonobese counterparts. METHODS: Measures of obesity, aerobic fitness, cognition (processing speed, executive function, spatial ability, memory), and regional brain volumes (prefrontal gray, prefrontal white, hippocampus) were obtained from 19 obese older adults aged 65 to 75. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the proportion of unique variance in cognitive and volumetric measures accounted for by aerobic fitness after controlling for covariates (age, gender, and waist circumference). RESULTS: Aerobic fitness accounted for a significant amount of unique variance in processing speed (adjusted R (2) = .44), executive function (adjusted R (2) = .34), and hippocampal volume (adjusted R (2) = .27). CONCLUSION: This novel pattern of results suggests that obesity does not preclude the benefits of fitness for cognition and brain volume in older adults. Fitness appears to be a beneficial factor for maintenance of processing speed, executive function, and hippocampal volume, which are vulnerable to age- and/or obesity-related decline.
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Higher levels of aerobic fitness have been correlated with larger hippocampal volumes in patients with obesity, anorexia, mild cognitive impairments, major depressive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
“Cross-sectional data has also indicated that AE may also be beneficial to non-healthy individuals as higher levels of aerobic fitness have also been correlated with larger hippocampal volumes in patients with obesity (Bugg et al., 2012), anorexia (Beadle et al., 2015), mild cognitive impairments (Gates et al., 2013; Makizako et al., 2014), MDD (Travis et al., 2015), Alzheimer’s disease (Honea et”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Bugg et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Bugg, J. M., Shah, K., Villareal, D. T., & Head, D.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bugg, Julie M.
- Venue
- Experimental Aging Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 131-145
- ISSN
- 0361-073X (ISSN-L)
- 1096-4657
- PMC
- PMC3324124
- OpenAlex
- W1978060818
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Experimental Aging Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000041, UL1TR001449, 7r01ag025501-06)
- National Institute on Aging (5 T32 AG 00030, R01-AG025501, AG-025501, T32AG000030)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK56341, P30DK056341)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR0224992, UL1RR024992)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- cardiorespiratory fitness, obesity, older adults, cognitive function, brain volume, processing speed, executive function, hippocampal volume, prefrontal cortex, aging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Neuropsychological Tests, Obesity, Organ Size, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, Waist Circumference
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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