Features of ST segment and T-wave in exercise-induced myocardial ischemia evaluated with multichannel magnetocardiography
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Magnetocardiography (MCG) is a novel, non-contact mapping technique to record cardiac magnetic field. We evaluated MCG criteria for myocardial ischemia in stress testing. METHODS: Multichannel MCG over frontal chest was performed in 44 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 26 healthy controls during supine bicycle exercise test. Of the 44 patients 16 had anterior, 15 posterior, and 13 inferior ischemia documented by coronary angiography and exercise thallium scintigraphy. ST amplitude, ST slope, T-wave amplitude, and ST-T integral were measured. The optimal sites for detecting the ischemia-induced changes on MCG were sought. The orientation of the magnetic field was also determined. RESULTS: The optimal sites for the decrease of ST slope, ST amplitude, T-wave amplitude, and ST-T integral were over the abdomen. The reciprocal increase of these parameters was found over the left parasternal area. The optimal sites were approximately the same for all patient groups. In single-vessel disease patients without previous myocardial infarction (MI), ST slope increase and ST elevation performed the best (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 92% and 90%, respectively). In post-MI patients with triple-vessel disease the decrease of T-wave amplitude and ST slope performed the best (area under curve 91%, for both). The magnetic field orientation at ST segment performed equally well as the other ST parameters. In stepwise logistic regression analysis, by use of the presence of CAD as the dependent parameter, ST slope increase and ST peak gradient orientation entered the model. CONCLUSIONS: Various ST segment and T-wave parameters detect ischemia in MCG. ST amplitude performs especially well in non-MI patients with less severe CAD. In advanced CAD late development of T-wave amplitude might be more sensitive to ischemia than ST amplitude.
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The usefulness of MCG for better understanding arrhythmogenic mechanisms underlying high-risk J syndromes, identification of atrial arrhythmogenic vulnerability, left atrial dysfunction, atrial propagation pathways, and dominant frequencies in atrial fibrillation, as well as accurate pre-interventional 3D localization of arrhythmogenic substrates, has been widely reported.
“The usefulness of MCG for a better understanding of the arrhythmogenic mechanisms underlying the high-risk J syndromes (225, 327–336); the identification of atrial arrhythmogenic vulnerability (248), of left atrial dysfunction (330), and of the atrial propagation pathways (228); and the dominant frequencies (181, 183, 189, 232) in patients with atrial fibrillation, as well as providing accurate”
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- Authors
- Hänninen, H., Takala, P., Korhonen, P., Oikarinen, L., Mäkijärvi, M., Nenonen, J., Katila, T., & Toivonen, L.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- ORCID
- Nenonen, Jukka
- Venue
- Annals of Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 120-129
- ISSN
- 0785-3890 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2060
- OpenAlex
- W1973952028
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annals of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
- Keywords
- magnetocardiography, exercise-induced myocardial ischemia, ST segment, T wave, coronary artery disease, bicycle exercise test, T-wave amplitude, magnetic field orientation, myocardial infarction, diagnostic sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Coronary Artery Disease, Exercise Test, Female, Heart Conduction System, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Research Design, Sensitivity and Specificity, Logistic Models, Case-Control Studies, Myocardial Ischemia, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Echocardiography, Stress
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