The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Creating value for employees: investment in employee development
Abstract
Relying on a social exchange theory we examine the relationships among perceived investment in employees' development (PIED), job satisfaction, organizational commitment and intent to leave. Individual-level analyses from a sample of 405 nurses from two countries indicate that PIED is positively associated with job satisfaction and affective commitment but not with continuance commitment. As expected, job satisfaction and affective commitment fully mediate the relationship between PIED and intent to leave. Overall, this research shows support for partial measurement equivalence and equivalent structural parameters across both samples.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“from a Resource-Based View (RBV) perspective, limited investment by banks in the education and skill building of their employees represents a limitation to strategic human capital, thereby hindering a bank’s ability to develop sustainable organizational value through the conversion of its AI technological investments (Lee and Bruvold 2019).”
From AI-driven financial fraud detection in Pakistan’s banking sector: bridging strategic intent and operational implementation (2026) · cites this paper as Lee and Bruvold 2019
Citations
Cites
The Competitive Advantage of Nations
Clark, T. W., & Porter, M. (1991) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1251962 · Cited by 17,454
The Competitive Advantage of Nations
Porter, M. E. (1990) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-11336-1 · Cited by 15,654
Exchange and Power in Social Life.
Bierstedt, R., & Blau, P. M. (1965) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2091154 · Cited by 13,625
The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement
Gouldner, A. W. (1960) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2092623 · Cited by 12,001
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x · Cited by 11,917
A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-z · Cited by 11,049
Adams, J. S. (1965) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60108-2 · Cited by 10,818
Perceived organizational support.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500 · Cited by 10,023
HUSELID, M. A. (1995) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256741 · Cited by 9,342
Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/109442810031002 · Cited by 7,997
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Ichniowski C. Shaw K. Prennushi G. 1997 The Effects of Human Resource Management Practices on Productivity American Economic Review 87 291 313
- Noe R.A. Ford J.K. 1992 Emerging Issues and New Directions for Training Research Ferris G.R. Rowland K.M. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management Greenwich, CT JAI Press 345 84
- Nunnally J.C. Bernstein I.H. 1994 Psychometric Theory 3rd edn. New York McGraw-Hill
- Useem M. 1993 Company Policies on Education and Training Mirvis P.H. Building The Competitive Workforce: Investing In Human Capital For Corporate Success New York Wiley
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 629
Nguyen, N. N., Tuân, N. P., & Takahashi, Y. (2020) · Intangible Capital · doi:10.3926/ic.1382 · Cited by 8
HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT
Ng, K.-L., Heng, W.-C., Chua, Y.-F., & Lim, Y.-H. (2022) · International Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.32890/ijms2022.29.2.4 · Cited by 8
Chas, R. G., Fontela, E. N., & Neira, C. V. (2012) · Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa · doi:10.1016/j.iedee.2012.06.001 · Cited by 8
Investigating the Effects of Psychological Capital on Turnover Intention
Rivaldi, E., & Sadeli, J. (2020) · KnE Social Sciences · doi:10.18502/kss.v4i6.6650 · Cited by 8
Sugiarto, S., & Putra, I. G. S. (2020) · International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) · doi:10.20525/ijrbs.v9i5.788 · Cited by 8
Criteria for selecting and reporting mediation effects sizes
Sabol, M. A., Winton, B. G., & Legate, A. E. (2025) · Organization Management Journal · doi:10.1108/omj-08-2024-2291 · Cited by 7
Reducing Red Tape’s Negative Consequences for Leaders: The Buffering Role of Autonomous Motivation
Muylaert, J., Bauwens, R., Audenaert, M., & Decramer, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.806388 · Cited by 9
Haar, J. M., & Kelly, S. J. (2024) · International Journal of Manpower · doi:10.1108/ijm-10-2023-0633 · Cited by 7
The effects of perceived organizational support and social comparison on work attitudes
Herachwati, N., Sulistiawan, J., Alfirdaus, Z., & Nguru, M. G. B. (2018) · Problems and Perspectives in Management · doi:10.21511/ppm.16(1).2018.02 · Cited by 7
Herd, A. M., Shuck, B., & Githens, R. P. (2018) · Performance Improvement Quarterly · doi:10.1002/piq.21266 · Cited by 7
Global knowledge transfers through inpatriates: performance management, LMX and embeddedness
Maley, J. F., & Kiessling, T. S. (2021) · Journal of Global Mobility The Home of Expatriate Management Research · doi:10.1108/jgm-12-2020-0085 · Cited by 9
Decision‐making training for occupational choice and early turnover: a field experiment
Pazy, A., Ganzach, Y., & Davidov, Y. (2006) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/13620430610642390 · Cited by 7
Exploring the Role of Organizational Justice as an Antecedent of Psychological Ownership
Butt, S. (2015) · VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences · doi:10.21015/vtess.v7i1.237 · Cited by 7
Alavi, S. S., Dabbagh, S. T., Abbasi, M., & Mehrdad, R. (2016) · Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal · doi:10.26719/2016.22.10.727 · Cited by 7
“Working smart and not hard”: key to maximize Employee efficiency?
Fragouli, E., & Ilia, I. (2019) · Research Repository (Kingston University London) · Cited by 7
Operatives Dienstleistungsmarketing
Meffert, H., Bruhn, M., & Hadwich, K. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-19176-4_6 · Cited by 7
Khan, S. A., Ali, M., Hussain, H. F., & Safdar, B. (2015) · American Journal of Business, Economics and Management · Cited by 7
The Dark Side of Wars for Talent and Layoffs: Evidence from Korean Firms †
Cho, H.-J., & Ahn, J.-Y. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10051365 · Cited by 7
Employee Development and Leadership Perception in the Polish Service Delivery Centres
Kedziora, D., Piotrowicz, W., & Kolasińska-Morawska, K. (2018) · Foundations of Management · doi:10.2478/fman-2018-0017 · Cited by 7
Leading the Service-Profit Chain: How Leaders’ Behaviors Can Affect Customer Experience
Kelloway, E. K., & Myers, V. (2019) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s1479-355520190000017004 · Cited by 7
Saeed, M. M., & Shabir, S. (2013) · UniSA Research Outputs Repository (University of South Australia) · doi:10.5897/ajbm11.520 · Cited by 7
Mostafa, A. M. S. (2013) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · Cited by 7
Employees’ Experiences of Accepting and Adopting HR Analytics: A Phenomenology Study
Saxena, M., Bagga, T., Gupta, S., & Mittal, A. (2022) · The Open Psychology Journal · doi:10.2174/18743501-v15-e2208040 · Cited by 11
Zhu, L., Hecht, T. D., Lefter, A. M., & Boies, K. (2023) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.21494 · Cited by 9
Marescaux, E., & Winne, S. D. (2023) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2023.2285362 · Cited by 6
Strydonck, I. V., Decramer, A., & Audenaert, M. (2024) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2024.2423433 · Cited by 6
Görmezoğlu, Z., Şahin, S., & Toker, K. (2024) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440241295817 · Cited by 8
Özcan, B., Küçükaltan, B., Aydın, E., & Yesilyurt, N. (2025) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-01-2025-0159 · Cited by 7
Solihat, W. S., & Salendu, A. (2023) · Gema Wiralodra · doi:10.31943/gw.v14i2.480 · Cited by 6
Building a Value-Based Workforce Through Islamic Work Value-Based Recruitment: A Conceptual Review
Wahab, M. A. (2024) · Asian Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.21315/aamj2024.29.1.10 · Cited by 6
Performance Appraisal in The Nigerian Banking Sector: The Individual and Joint Variables Analyses
Oshode, A. A., Alade, S. O., & Arogundade, K. K. (2014) · Cited by 6
Ashraf, M. (2020) · Measuring Business Excellence · doi:10.1108/mbe-01-2020-0015 · Cited by 7
Smart Industry – Better Management
Bondarouk, T., & Olivas-Luján, M. R. (2022) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s1877-6361202228 · Cited by 8
Develı, A., Pekkan, N. Ü., Kapusuz, A. G., & Çavuş, M. F. (2022) · Организационная психология · doi:10.17323/2312-5942-2022-12-4-86-102 · Cited by 6
Yusuf, S., Ribhan, R., & Mardiana, N. (2024) · Journal of Economics Finance and Management Studies · doi:10.47191/jefms/v7-i1-54 · Cited by 6
Zaitouni, M. (2016) · International Journal of Business and Social Research · doi:10.18533/ijbsr.v6i1.742 · Cited by 6
Measuring Cognition and Motivation across Cultural Groups
Fischer, R. D., & Lun, V. M. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-373694-9.00024-6 · Cited by 6
Du, P., Huang, I., Huang, Y., & Chang, C.-S. (2019) · Rural and Remote Health · doi:10.22605/rrh4837 · Cited by 6
Motivation to transfer: linking perceived organizational support to training to personal goals
Bosset, I., & Bourgeois, É. (2015) · Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft · doi:10.1007/s11618-014-0594-2 · Cited by 8
Rakowska, A., Espinosa, S. D. J., & Mendryk, I. (2020) · Argumenta Oeconomica · doi:10.15611/aoe.2020.1.07 · Cited by 6
A STUDY OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT WITHIN A CHINESE CONTEXT
Ji, C. (2007) · Summit (Simon Fraser University) · Cited by 6
Maheshwari, S. K., Bhat, R., & Dhiman, A. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6
Modelling Key Drivers of Employee Behaviour for Personal and Professional Excellence
Agarwal, A., & Raghav, D. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s448469 · Cited by 5
MESLEKİ TÜKENMİŞLİK VE İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİ İLİŞKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL NOSTALJİNİN ETKİSİ
Kurşuncu, R. S., Kalkan, T. İ., & Çavuş, M. F. (2019) · Business And Management Studies An International Journal · doi:10.15295/bmij.v6i4.288 · Cited by 5
The Impact of Training & Development on Work Engagement: A Study in the Banking Sector
Chovarda, M., & Theriou, G. N. (2021) · International Journal of Human Resource Studies · doi:10.5296/ijhrs.v11i1.18343 · Cited by 5
Motivation and Incentives As the Main Tool for Retention of Personnel in the Organization
Митрофанова, А., & Manvelyan, G. (2021) · Management of the personnel and intellectual resources in Russia · doi:10.12737/2305-7807-2021-10-1-24-29 · Cited by 5
Jensen, M. T., Øygarden, O., Mikkelsen, A., & Olsen, E. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20010425 · Cited by 8
Operative Gestaltung des Qualitätsmanagements für Dienstleistungen
Bruhn, M. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-50360-7_8 · Cited by 5
Johannessen, H. T. D. (2018) · LIBER Quarterly The Journal of the Association of European Research Libraries · doi:10.18352/lq.10238 · Cited by 5
Sustainability Evaluation of Textile Warehouses from Social and Environmental Perspective
Dilaver, B., Çokoğlu, H. T., Yamanlar, M., Özkan-Özen, Y. D., & Kazançoğlu, Y. (2019) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31343-2_66 · Cited by 5
Imperatives of Career Management and its Effect on Employee Performance
Ugoani, J. N. N. (2019) · International Journal of Social Sciences Perspectives · doi:10.33094/7.2017.2019.52.47.56 · Cited by 5
Direct and Indirect Influence of HRM Practices on Employee Performance and Turnover Intention
Rajaratnam, S. D. (2007) · Malaysian Management Journal · doi:10.32890/mmj.11.1-2.2007.8946 · Cited by 5
Glilekpe, E. E., Anlesinya, A., Nyanyofio, G. J. N. T., Adeti, S. K., & Malcalm, E. (2022) · FIIB Business Review · doi:10.1177/23197145221105983 · Cited by 10
Wilson, M. S., & Chaudhry, A. (2017) · South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management · doi:10.1177/2322093717705278 · Cited by 5
Bozkurt, H. Ö., & Bayram, A. (2020) · Business and Economics Research Journal · doi:10.20409/berj.2020.288 · Cited by 5
HRM practices and Sustainable Competitive Advantage Evidence in National Bank of Bahrain
Hatamleh, D. I. M. (2021) · Psychology and Education Journal · doi:10.17762/pae.v58i2.2133 · Cited by 5
Fathaniy, A. Z. (2011) · UUM Electronic Theses and Dissertation [eTheses] (Northern University of Malaysia) · Cited by 5
Human resource issues and its implications for health sector reformsPreprint
Bhat, R., & Maheshwari, S. K. (2004) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 5
Work Life Initiatives and Performance of Employees of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Muli, J. (2014) · Kenyatta University Institutional Repository (Kenyatta University) · Cited by 5
IMPACT OF TRAINING ON COMMITMENT, RETENTION AND PERFORMANCE
Mahmood, A. (2012) · Cited by 5
Impact of Quality of Work Life on Turnover Intention: A Study on Private Health Care Units in Odisha
Nayak, T. (2016) · Cited by 5
Context and Complexity of International Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research
Cesinger, B. (2013) · Cited by 5
Developmental HR Practices as Tools to Support Employee Well-Being
Bish, A. J. (2021) · Handbook series in occupational health sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24936-6_18-1 · Cited by 4
Haar, J. M., & O’Kane, C. (2023) · Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · doi:10.1080/03036758.2023.2180761 · Cited by 4
Almustafa, A., Mustafa, M. J., & Butt, M. (2024) · Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism · doi:10.1080/15332845.2024.2405803 · Cited by 5
Prevention: integrating health protection and health promotion perspectives
Tetrick, L. E. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511490064.019 · Cited by 4
Pengaruh Amalan Pengurusan Sumber Manusia (PSM) terhadap Hasil PSM di IPTS Bukan Bertaraf Universiti
Othman, N., Ahmad, Z., & Hamzah, M. I. M. (2010) · Jurnal Pengurusan · doi:10.17576/pengurusan-2010-31-04 · Cited by 4
Human resource management in public-private partnership organisations: A review
Onyoin, M. (2020) · Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review · doi:10.22495/cgobrv4i2p2 · Cited by 7
Tharanganie, M. G., & Perera, G. D. N. (2021) · Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism · doi:10.1080/15332845.2021.1923916 · Cited by 4
Servant leadership and career commitment: The mediating role of organizational-based self-esteem
Elsaied, M. M. (2021) · Human Systems Management · doi:10.3233/hsm-211230 · Cited by 6
Lau, P. Y. Y., Park, S., Hsu, Y.-C., Lien, B. Y., & Ho, J. A. (2023) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231204130 · Cited by 4
Ceylan, C. (2013) · iş, güç/İktisadi yenilik dergisi · doi:10.4026/1303-2860.2013.0218.x · Cited by 4
MUGESANI, P. A. (2017) · Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management · doi:10.61426/sjbcm.v4i1.403 · Cited by 4
Joarder, M. H. R., & Sharif, M. Y. (2012) · ABAC Journal · Cited by 4
Saporna, G. C., & Claveria, R. A. (2013) · Journal of Tourism Research & Hospitality · doi:10.4172/2324-8807.1000112 · Cited by 4
Employee Development and its Affect on their Performance
Agrawal, A. (2013) · International journal of marketing, financial services and management research · Cited by 4
손규태, & Jin-Mo, K. (2015) · Journal ofAgricultural Education and Human Resource Development · doi:10.23840/agehrd.2015.47.3.139 · Cited by 4
BENBAHIA, S., & RAJÂA, O. (2019) · International Journal of Business and Social Science · doi:10.30845/ijbss.v10n11a13 · Cited by 4
Leading the Psychologically Healthy Workplace
Kelloway, E. K., Penney, S. A., & Dimoff, J. K. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781394259250.ch6 · Cited by 4
Mkamwa, T. (2010) · Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) · Cited by 4
‘Burned out’ millennials! Can job crafting promote employee well-being in the SMEs?
Badri, S. K. Z., Ngo, M. S. M., & Yusof, J. (2025) · Review of Managerial Science · doi:10.1007/s11846-025-00862-5 · Cited by 3
Checklist-based approach to measure milker behavior before and after training
Heuwieser, W., Moody, R., Zurakowski, M. J., & Virkler, P. D. (2023) · JDS Communications · doi:10.3168/jdsc.2023-0454 · Cited by 3
Badri, S. K. Z., & Ngo, M. S. M. (2025) · International Journal of Workplace Health Management · doi:10.1108/ijwhm-09-2024-0186 · Cited by 3
Bodjrenou, K., & Ming, X. (2019) · International Business Research · doi:10.5539/ibr.v12n3p153 · Cited by 3
Febriansah, R. E. (2019) · JBMP (Jurnal Bisnis Manajemen dan Perbankan) · doi:10.21070/jbmp.v5i1.2141 · Cited by 3
Beng, T. L. W., & Muthuveloo, R. (2020) · Jurnal Muara Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis · doi:10.24912/jmieb.v4i2.8806 · Cited by 3
Alzahrani, A. A., & Shaddady, A. (2021) · International Business Research · doi:10.5539/ibr.v14n6p108 · Cited by 3
Leading the self‐development cycle in volunteer organizations
da Cunha, J. V., & Antunes, A. (2022) · European Management Review · doi:10.1111/emre.12501 · Cited by 3
factors that influence turnover intention among workers in Cosmo Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Azmi, M. S., Jamaludin, A., Seman, S. A., & Shamsudin, M. F. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.5945 · Cited by 3
Funk, S. (2024) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/1748-8583.12550 · Cited by 3
Leveraging HR analytics for employee development: good for employees, organizations, and society
Yin, J. (2024) · Strategic HR Review · doi:10.1108/shr-09-2024-0072 · Cited by 3
MINIMIZING THE TURNOVER INTENTION BY EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT IN GARMENT COMPANIES
Kurniawati, S. A., & Wahyuni, S. (2019) · Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen · doi:10.21776/ub.jam.2019.017.01.19 · Cited by 8
Yusuph, M. L., & Kisumbe, L. A. (2020) · Journal of Public Administration and Governance · doi:10.5296/jpag.v10i3.17369 · Cited by 3
Ng, Y. P., Dousin, O., & Kler, B. K. (2022) · International Journal of Human Resource Studies · doi:10.5296/ijhrs.v12i1.19435 · Cited by 3
Base pay and bonus pay for high‐wage employees: A multi‐study approach to organizational performance
Bomm, L., & Kaimann, D. (2022) · Managerial and Decision Economics · doi:10.1002/mde.3660 · Cited by 6
Management Inconsistencies in Instituting Disciplinary Measures: A Recipe for Industrial Actions
Jalloh, A. A. A. (2023) · Iris Journal of Economics & Business Management · doi:10.33552/ijebm.2023.01.000510 · Cited by 3
Investigating the impact of employee development activities on employee well-being
Herb, K. C. (2015) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 3
Zhu, J. (2019) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, C. H., & Bruvold, N. T.
- Affiliations
- Nanyang Technological University (SG)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Venue
- The International Journal of Human Resource Management
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2003-09
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 981-1000
- ISSN
- 0958-5192 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-4399
- OpenAlex
- W2145248477
- Cited by
- 632
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 6.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The International Journal of Human Resource Management (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Management
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation
- Keywords
- employee development, job satisfaction, affective commitment, continuance commitment, turnover intention, social exchange theory, nurses, cross-cultural equivalence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review