Green influencer marketing: conceptualization, scale development, and validation: an application to tourism products
Abstract
This study aims to conceptualize the green influencer marketing (GIM) and to develop a GIM scale for its measurement. To achieve this goal, this research used a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design. In this context, qualitative study and quantitative studies were carried out, respectively. Study 1 included qualitative study, while study 2, 3 and 4 included quantitative studies. In the study 1, the social media posts of 14 green influencers were subjected to the content analysis to provide an operational definition of the GIM. With this content analysis, green influencer marketing and its sub-factors, which are environmentally friendly product-oriented influence and environmental sustainability-oriented influence, were conceptualized and a 15-item pool was obtained. Quantitative data for study 2, 3 and 4 were collected from participants who followed at least one of the 14 green influencers. In the quantitative studies, multiple waves of data collection were used. In the study 2, the item pool was purified and refined with the help of quantitative research. Thus, a scale consisting of 2 dimensions and 8 items was obtained (n:100). In the study 3, the factor structure of the scale was confirmed through the test-retest method (n:202). In the study 4, the research model hypothesized using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) Theory was tested to ensure the nomological validity of the scale (n:321). The research model built for nomological validity consists of GIM, perceiv…
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Social media influencers are central conduits for sustainability messaging, yet the processes by which their content converts attention into green consumer action remain insufficiently specified.
“Social media influencers are central conduits for sustainability messaging, yet the processes by which their content converts attention into green consumer action remain insufficiently specified (Khurana et al., 2025;Kılıç and Gürlek, 2024;Wang and Walker, 2023).”
From Cross-national evidence on influencer-driven green choice: a moderated-mediation model of authenticity, parasocial ties, and greenwashing exposure (2026) · cites this paper as Kılıç and Gürlek, 2024
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“Audiences experience “felt closeness” through self-disclosure, repeated exposure, and sporadic interaction, which can encourage imitation, loyalty, and receptivity (Khurana et al., 2025; Kılıç and Gürlek, 2024; Mustapa and Kallas, 2025).”
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Social Media and Bicycle Tourism: Application of Dual Concern and Cognitive Response TheoriesPreprint
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Kılıç, İ., & Gürlek, M.
- Affiliations
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University (TR)
- Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi (TR)
- Corresponding author
- Kılıç, İlker
- Venue
- Journal of Sustainable Tourism
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2023-10-30
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2181-2206
- ISSN
- 0966-9582 (ISSN-L)
- 1747-7646
- OpenAlex
- W4388020860
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 17
- FWCI
- 30.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sustainable Tourism (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Digital Marketing and Social Media
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Environmental Sustainability in Business
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
- Keywords
- scale development, environmental awareness, stimulus-organism-response model, nomological network
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