CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 141Vitamin D Research StudiesAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

Clinical improvement following vitamin D3 supplementation in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Feng, Junyan, Shan, Ling, Du, Lin, Wang, Bing, Li, Honghua, Wang, Wei, Wang, Tiantian, Dong, Hanyu +4 more·2017·Nutritional Neuroscience
DOI 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1123847
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was previously reported in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but little is known about the efficacy of vitamin D3 treatment in ASD, although data from pilot studies seem promising. We hypothesized that serum vitamin D levels are reduced in ASD and correlate with the severity of disease. Also, we hypothesized that vitamin D3 treatment may be beneficial for a considerable portion of children with ASD. METHODS: In total, 215 children with ASD and 285 healthy control children were recruited in our study. Thirty seven of 215 ASD children received vitamin D3 treatment. The Autism Behaviour Checklist (ABC) and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) were used to assess autism symptoms. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to assess the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] level. Evaluations of ABC, CARS, and serum 25(OH) D levels were performed before and after 3 months of treatment. RESULTS: Serum levels of 25(OH) D were significantly lower in ASD children than typically developing children. Levels of serum 25(OH) D were negatively correlated with ABC total scores and language subscale scores. After vitamin D3 supplementation, symptom scores were significantly reduced on the CARS and ABC. In addition, the data also suggest that treatment effects were more pronounced in younger children with ASD. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency might contribute to the aetiology of ASD. Supplementation of vitamin D3, which is a safe and cost-effective form of treatment, may significantly improve the outcome of some children with ASD, especially younger children (identifier ChiCTR-CCC-13004498). CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial 'Association of Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Metabolism-Related Genes With Autism and the Treatment of Autism with Vitamin D' has been registered at www.chictr.org/cn/proj/show.aspx? proj=6135 (identifier ChiCTR-CCC-13004498).

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1123847

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Feng et al. (2016) reported a higher proportion of ASD children having 25(OH)D concentrations <25 nmol/L (13% vs. 0%, p = 0.03) and <75 nmol/L (71% vs. 62%, p = 0.03) than healthy typically developing controls.

    “In a recent large study from China, Feng et al. (2016) reported higher proportion of ASD children having 25(OH)D concentrations <25 nmol/L (13% vs. 0%, p = 0.03) and <75 nmol/L (71% vs. 62%, p = 0.03) than healthy typically developing controls [117].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [117]

  • 25(OH)D concentrations of those entering the Feng et al. study in April could be different from those entering September due to potentially limited sun exposure during winter months.

    “To note, 25(OH)D concentrations of those entering the study in April could be different of those entering September due to a potentially limited sun exposure during winter months.”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [117]

  • To control for seasonal variation, the Feng et al. study lasted for six months; April-September corresponding to spring and summer months.

    “To control for seasonal variation, the study lasted for six months; April—September corresponding to spring and summer months.”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [117]

  • Of 14 studies, nine reported significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations between cases and controls, one borderline difference, and four found no significant differences among study groups.

    “Of 14 studies, nine reported significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations between cases and controls [78,81,108,109,110,111,112,117,118], one borderline difference [114], and four found no significant differences among study groups [79,113,115,116].”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [117]

  • Feng et al. (2016) reported a significant improvement in scores on CARS (total) and Autism Behaviour Checklist (total and all subscales apart from sensory scores), which was more pronounced in 3 year old or younger children than older children.

    “The authors reported a significant improvement in scores on CARS (total) and Autism Behaviour Checklist (total and all subscales apart from sensory scores), which was more pronounced in 3 year old or younger children than older children.”

    From Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review (2016) · cites this paper as [117]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Feng, J., Shan, L., Du, L., Wang, B., Li, H., Wang, W., Wang, T., Dong, H., Yue, X., Xu, Z., Staal, W. G., & Jia, F.
Affiliations
  • First Hospital of Jilin University (CN)
  • University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
  • Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
Corresponding author
Jia, Feiyong
ORCID
Venue
Nutritional Neuroscience
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2016-01-18
Volume
20
Issue
5
Pages
284-290
ISSN
  • 1028-415X (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-8305
DOI
10.1080/1028415x.2015.1123847
OpenAlex
W2270432837
Cited by
141
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 6
FWCI
13.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nutritional Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, vitamin D3 supplementation, vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, autism severity, autism treatment, children, autism etiology, Childhood Autism Rating Scale
MeSH terms
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Child, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Cholecalciferol, Female, Humans, Male, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Dietary Supplements

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review