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Oxidative Stress and Iron Homeostasis: Mechanistic and Health Aspects
Abstract
Iron is an essential cofactor for important biological activities and biochemical reactions, including the transport of oxygen via red blood cells and its reduction to water during respiration. While iron's bioavailability is generally limited, pathological accumulation of the metal within tissues aggravates the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elicits toxic effects, which are mainly related to oxidative stress. Here, we describe the role of iron in ROS-induced toxicity and discuss molecular mechanisms and physiological aspects of ROS- and iron-mediated signaling. In addition, we review our current understanding of the regulation of iron homeostasis at the cellular and systemic levels, and focus on the pathogenesis and management of iron overload disorders.
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“Possibly the commonest means by which such much more damaging species, in particular the hydroxyl radical, are created is by reaction with unliganded or incompletely liganded iron ions [61-63].”
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“Possibly the commonest means by which such much more damaging species, in particular the hydroxyl radical, are created is by reaction with unliganded or incompletely liganded iron ions [61-63].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Galaris, D., & Pantopoulos, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Ioannina (GR)
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research (CA)
- ORCID
- Pantopoulos, Kostas
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-23
- ISSN
- 1040-8363 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-781X
- OpenAlex
- W2094776609
- Cited by
- 352
- References
- 145
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 3.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Keywords
- iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, iron overload, iron toxicity, iron bioavailability, iron accumulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Iron, Iron Chelating Agents, Liver, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Iron Overload
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