Cited by 264Digital Mental Health InterventionsMobile Health and mHealth ApplicationsBehavioral Health and Interventions

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Just-in-the-Moment Adaptive Interventions (JITAI): A Meta-Analytical Review

Wang, Liyuan, Miller, Lynn Carol·2020·Health Communication

DOI 10.1080/10410236.2019.1652388

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Abstract

A just-in-time, adaptive intervention (JITAI) is an emerging type of intervention that provides tailored support at the exact time of need. It does so using enabling new technologies (e.g., mobile phones, sensors) that capture the changing states of individuals. Extracting effect sizes of primary outcomes produced by 33 empirical studies that used JITAIs, we found moderate to large effect sizes of JITAI treatments compared to (1) waitlist-control conditions (k = 9), Hedges's g = 1.65 and (2) non-JITAI treatments (k = 21), g = 0.89. Also, participants of JITAI interventions showed significant changes (k = 13) in the positive direction (g = 0.79). A series of sensitivity tests suggested that those effects persist. Those effects also persist despite differences in the behaviors of interests (e.g., blood glucose control, recovering alcoholics), duration of the treatments, and participants' age. Two aspects of tailoring, namely: (1) tailoring to what (i.e., both people's previous behavioral patterns and their current need states; with these effects additive) and (2) approach to tailoring (i.e., both using a human agent and an algorithm to decide tailored feedback; with these effects additive), are significantly associated with greater JITAI efficacy.

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Authors: Wang, L., & Miller, L. C.
Affiliations: University of Southern California (US)
Corresponding author: Wang, Liyuan
ORCID: Wang, Liyuan
Miller, Lynn Carol
Venue: Health Communication
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2019-09-05
Volume: 35
Issue: 12
Pages: 1531-1544
ISSN: 1041-0236 (ISSN-L)
1532-7027
DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2019.1652388
OpenAlex: W2971759879
Cited by: 264
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 53 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1
FWCI: 17.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Health Communication (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Keywords: just-in-time adaptive interventions, personalized feedback, tailored support, mobile health, wearable sensors, treatment efficacy, effect size, need states, glycemic control, alcohol recovery, waitlist control
MeSH terms: Behavior Therapy, Humans, Cell Phone

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Just-in-the-Moment Adaptive Interventions (JITAI): A Meta-Analytical Review

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