Sirt3 promotes antimycobacterial defenses by coordinating mitochondrial and autophagic functions
Open accessAbstract
SIRT3 (sirtuin 3), a mitochondrial protein deacetylase, maintains respiratory function, but its role in the regulation of innate immune defense is largely unknown. Herein, we show that SIRT3 coordinates mitochondrial function and macroautophagy/autophagy activation to promote anti-mycobacterial responses through PPARA (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha). SIRT3 deficiency enhanced inflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to defective host defense and pathological inflammation during mycobacterial infection. Antibody-mediated depletion of polymorphonuclear neutrophils significantly increased protection against mycobacterial infection in sirt3−/- mice. In addition, mitochondrial oxidative stress promoted excessive inflammation induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in sirt3−/- macrophages. Notably, SIRT3 was essential for the enhancement of PPARA, a key regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy activation in the context of infection. Importantly, overexpression of either PPARA or TFEB (transcription factor EB) in sirt3−/- macrophages recovered antimicrobial activity through autophagy activation. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of SIRT3 enhanced antibacterial autophagy and functional mitochondrial pools during mycobacterial infection. Finally, the levels of SIRT3 and PPARA were downregulated and inversely correlated with TNF (tumor necrosis factor) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from tuberculosis patients. Collectively, these data demonstrate a previously unappreciated function of SIRT3 in orchestrating mitochondrial and autophagic functions to promote antimycobacterial responses.Abbreviations Ab: antibody; BCG: M. bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guérin; Baf-A1: bafilomycin A1; BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; CFU: colony forming unit; CXCL5: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; ERFP: enhanced red fluorescent protein; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; HC: healthy controls; H&E: haematoxylin and eosin; HKL: honokiol; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; IL6: interleukin 6; IL12B: interleukin 12B; MDMs: monocyte-derived macrophages; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; Mtb: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PBS: phosphate buffered saline; PMN: polymorphonuclear neutrophil; PPARA: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SIRT3: sirtuin 3; TB: tuberculosis; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TNF: tumor necrosis factor
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SIRT3 deficiency resulted in damaged mitochondria and high matrix mtROS, but these did not contribute to direct antibacterial defense; instead SIRT3 induced antibacterial xenophagy of Mtb.
“Deficiency for SIRT3 resulted in mitochondria with swollen and disrupted cristae, and damaged mitochondria are known to produce high amounts of matrix mtROS [127,129,130,131]. However, these damage-induced matrix mtROS in SIRT3-deficicent BMDM were only a side effect and did not contribute to direct antibacterial defense. Instead, SIRT3 induced antibacterial xenophagy of Mtb that had escaped from”
From Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity (2021) · cites this paper as [258]
Kim and colleagues did not find any antibacterial role for matrix mtROS during Mtb infection in BMDM.
“In contrast to the studies in zebrafish, Kim and colleagues did not find any antibacterial role for matrix mtROS during Mtb infection in BMDM [258].”
From Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity (2021) · cites this paper as [258]
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- Authors
- Kim, T. S., Jin, Y. B., Kim, Y. S., Kim, S., Kim, J. K., Lee, H.-M., Suh, H.-W., Choe, J. H., Kim, Y. J., Koo, B.-S., Kim, H.-N., Jung, M., Lee, S.-H., Kim, D.-K., Chung, C., Son, J.-W., Min, J.-J., Kim, J.-M., Deng, C.-X., Kim, H. S., Lee, S.-R., & Jo, E.-K.
- Affiliations
- Chungnam National University (KR)
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KR)
- Ewha Womans University (KR)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Chonnam National University (KR)
- Konyang University (KR)
- University of Macau (MO)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Sang-Rae
- Jo, Eun-Kyeong
- ORCID
- Venue
- Autophagy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-03-04
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1356-1375
- ISSN
- 1554-8627 (ISSN-L)
- 1554-8635
- PMC
- PMC6628940
- OpenAlex
- W2915100839
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 12.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Autophagy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KRIBB Repository (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Korean Government (2017R1A5A2015385)
- Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (HI15C0395)
- KRIBB Research Initiative Program (KGM4241844)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- SIRT3, PPARα, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, antimycobacterial immunity, mitochondrial dysfunction, macrophages, neutrophils, TFEB, oxidative stress, inflammation, tuberculosis, TNF-α, innate immunity, sirtuin deacetylase, host defense, mitochondrial homeostasis, honokiol, CXCL5
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Autophagy, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Inflammation, Lung, Lysosomes, Macrophages, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Mycobacterium, Neutrophils, Phagosomes, Tuberculosis, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Oxidative Stress, PPAR alpha, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Sirtuin 3
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