Unlike adults, children and adolescents show predominantly increased neural activation to social exclusion by members of the opposite gender
Open accessAbstract
The effects of group membership on brain responses to social exclusion have been investigated in adults, revealing greater anterior cingulate responses to exclusion by members of one's in-group (e.g., same-gender). However, social exclusion is a critical aspect of peer relations in youth and reaches heightened salience during adolescence, a time when social anxiety disorders are also emergent. While the behavioral and neural correlates of social exclusion in adolescence have been extensively explored, the effects of group membership on peer rejection are less clear. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the differential neural correlates of being excluded by peers of one's same- versus opposite-gender during an online ball-toss game. Participants were a group of typically developing children and adolescents (7-17 years). As predicted, anterior cingulate cortex showed a main effect of social exclusion versus fair play. However, unlike a previous adult study, this region did not show increased activation to same-gender exclusion. Instead, several regions differentiating same- versus opposite-gender exclusion were exclusively more sensitive to exclusion by one's opposite gender. These results are discussed in the context of adolescent socio-emotional development.
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The period during which participants would press the button was modeled as a regressor, but this may not have fully accounted for preparatory motor responses.
“We modeled the period during which participants would press the button as a regressor (as in Bolling et al., 2011a; Bolling et al., 2011b; Bolling, Pelphrey, & Wyk, 2016), but this may not have fully accounted for preparatory motor responses.”
From Feeling left out or just surprised? Neural correlates of social exclusion and overinclusion in adolescence (2020) · cites this paper as Bolling, Pelphrey, & Wyk, 2016
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- Authors
- Bolling, D. Z., Pelphrey, K. A., & Vander Wyk, B. C.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bolling, Danielle Z.
- Venue
- Social Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-12-15
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 475-486
- ISSN
- 1747-0919 (ISSN-L)
- 1747-0927
- PMC
- PMC4976300
- OpenAlex
- W2197129745
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2024: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Social Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH084080)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (T32 NS07224)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- social exclusion, gender differences, children, adolescents, anterior cingulate cortex, peer rejection, group membership, social anxiety, social-emotional development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Peer Group, Rejection, Psychology, Sex Characteristics, Social Perception
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