CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 48Gut microbiota and healthRespiratory Support and MechanismsSepsis Diagnosis and Treatment

Role of gut microbes in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

Open access
Ren, Zixuan, Zheng, Zhihuan, Feng, Xiujing·2024·Gut Microbes
DOI 10.1080/19490976.2024.2440125PMC PMC11639474
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute, diffuse inflammatory lung condition triggered by factors of severe infections, trauma, shock, burns, ischemia-reperfusion, and mechanical ventilation. It is primarily characterized by refractory hypoxemia and respiratory distress. The more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), can progress to multi-organ failure and has a high mortality rate. Despite extensive research, the exact pathogenesis of ALI and ARDS remains complex and not fully understood. Recent advancements in studying the gut microecology of patients have revealed the critical role that gut microbes play in ALI/ARDS onset and progression. While the exact mechanisms are still under investigation, evidence increasingly points to the influence of gut microbes and their metabolites on ALI/ARDS. This review aims to summarize the role of gut microbes and their metabolites in ALI/ARDS caused by various triggers. Moreover, it explores potential mechanisms and discusses how gut microbe-targeting interventions might offer new clinical strategies for the treatment of ALI/ARDS.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/19490976.2024.2440125

Cites

7 of 7 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Plasma TMAO levels correlate with oxygenation index and 28-day mortality in septic ARDS patients.

    “Plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels correlate with oxygenation index and 28-day mortality in septic ARDS patients”

    From Progress on the correlation between sepsis and gut microbiota: a narrative review (2026) · cites this paper as Ren et al., 2024

    The Choline subsection (page unavailable) reports that plasma TMAO concentration was a potential predictor of successful extubation in mechanically ventilated sepsis patients. It does not report a correlation with oxygenation index or 28-day mortality, or identify that study population as septic ARDS patients. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 157

  1. [1]Li H, Li Y, Song C, Hu Y, Dai M, Liu B, Pan P. Neutrophil extracellular traps augmented alveolar macrophage pyroptosis via AIM2 inflammasome activation in LPS-Induced ALI/ARDS. J Inflamm Res. 2021; 14: 4839– 21. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S321513. 34588792 PMC8473117 · DOI
  2. [2]Wang LL, Yang JW, Xu JF. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causes lung inflammation and injury. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022; 28(4): 513– 520. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.11.022. 34861410 PMC8632799 · DOI
  3. [3]Butt Y, Kurdowska A, Allen TC. Acute lung injury: a clinical and molecular review. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2016; 140(4): 345– 350. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2015-0519-RA. 27028393 · DOI
  4. [4]Mokrá D. Acute lung injury – from pathophysiology to treatment. Physiol Res. 2020; 69(Suppl 3): S353– s366. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934602. 33464919 PMC8603709 · DOI
  5. [5]Huppert LA, Matthay MA, Ware LB. Pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2019; 40(1): 31– 39. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1683996. 31060086 PMC7060969 · DOI
  6. [6]Wang Z, Wang Z. The role of macrophages polarization in sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Front Immunol. 2023; 14: 1209438. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1209438. 37691951 PMC10483837 · DOI
  7. [7]Huang X, Xiu H, Zhang S, Zhang G. The role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. Mediators Inflamm. 2018; 2018: 1– 8. doi: 10.1155/2018/1264913. PMC5989173 29950923 · DOI
  8. [8]Cheng P, Li S, Chen H. Macrophages in lung injury, repair, and fibrosis. Cells. 2021; 10(2): 436. doi: 10.3390/cells10020436. 33670759 PMC7923175 · DOI
  9. [9]Wang L, Wang D, Zhang T, Ma Y, Tong X, Fan H. The role of immunometabolism in macrophage polarization and its impact on acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol. 2023; 14: 1117548. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117548. 37020557 PMC10067752 · DOI
  10. [10]Kishore A, Petrek M. Roles of macrophage polarization and macrophage-derived miRNAs in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol. 2021; 12: 678457. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678457. 34489932 PMC8417529 · DOI
  11. [11]Chen X, Tang J, Shuai W, Meng J, Feng J, Han Z. Macrophage polarization and its role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Inflamm Res. 2020; 69(9): 883– 895. doi: 10.1007/s00011-020-01378-2. 32647933 PMC7347666 · DOI
  12. [12]Bernasconi E, Pattaroni C, Koutsokera A, Pison C, Kessler R, Benden C, Soccal PM, Magnan A, Aubert J-D, Marsland BJ, et al. Airway microbiota determines innate cell inflammatory or tissue remodeling profiles in lung transplantation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016; 194(10): 1252– 1263. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201512-2424OC. 27248293 · DOI
  13. [13]Sepehr R, Audi SH, Maleki S, Staniszewski K, Eis AL, Konduri GG, Ranji M. Optical imaging of lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in acute lung injury from hyperoxia and sepsis. J Innov Opt Health Sci. 2013; 6(3): 1350017. doi: 10.1142/S179354581350017X. 24672581 PMC3963381 · DOI
  14. [14]Liu C, Xiao K, Xie L. Advances in the use of exosomes for the treatment of ALI/ARDS. Front Immunol. 2022; 13: 971189. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971189. 36016948 PMC9396740 · DOI
  15. [15]Meyer NJ, Gattinoni L, Calfee CS. Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet. 2021; 398(10300): 622– 637. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00439-6. 34217425 PMC8248927 · DOI
  16. [16]Cho I, Blaser MJ. The human microbiome: at the interface of health and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2012; 13(4): 260– 270. doi: 10.1038/nrg3182. 22411464 PMC3418802 · DOI · Paper page
  17. [18]Chakradhar S. A curious connection: teasing apart the link between gut microbes and lung disease. Nat Med. 2017; 23(4): 402– 404. doi: 10.1038/nm0417-402. 28388607 · DOI
  18. [20]Camilleri M. Leaky gut: mechanisms, measurement and clinical implications in humans. Gut. 2019; 68(8): 1516– 1526. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318427. 31076401 PMC6790068 · DOI · Paper page
  19. [21]Zhai Q, Gong X, Wang C, Zhao J, Zhang H, Tian F, Chen W. Food-borne patulin toxicity is related to gut barrier disruption and can be prevented by docosahexaenoic acid and probiotic supplementation. Food Funct. 2019; 10(3): 1330– 1339. doi: 10.1039/C8FO02292E. 30741300 · DOI
  20. [22]Dicks LMT, Dreyer L, Smith C, van Staden AD. A review: the fate of bacteriocins in the human gastro-intestinal tract: do they cross the gut–blood barrier? Front Microbiol. 2018; 9: 2297. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02297. 30323796 PMC6173059 · DOI
  21. [23]Gilbert JA, Blaser MJ, Caporaso JG, Jansson JK, Lynch SV, Knight R. Current understanding of the human microbiome. Nat Med. 2018; 24(4): 392– 400. doi: 10.1038/nm.4517. 29634682 PMC7043356 · DOI · Paper page
  22. [24]Shock T, Badang L, Ferguson B, Martinez-Guryn K. The interplay between diet, gut microbes, and host epigenetics in health and disease. J Nutr Biochem. 2021; 95: 108631. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108631. 33789148 PMC8355029 · DOI
  23. [25]Budden KF, Gellatly SL, Wood DLA, Cooper MA, Morrison M, Hugenholtz P, Hansbro PM. Emerging pathogenic links between microbiota and the gut–lung axis. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2017; 15(1): 55– 63. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.142. 27694885 · DOI · Paper page
  24. [26]Dixit K, Chaudhari D, Dhotre D, Shouche Y, Saroj S. Restoration of dysbiotic human gut microbiome for homeostasis. Life Sci. 2021; 278: 119622. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119622. 34015282 · DOI
  25. [27]de Vos WM, Tilg H, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights. Gut. 2022; 71(5): 1020– 1032. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326789. 35105664 PMC8995832 · DOI · Paper page
  26. [29]Geng J, Ni Q, Sun W, Li L, Feng X. The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022; 147: 112678. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112678. 35134709 · DOI
  27. [30]Van Treuren W, Dodd D. Microbial contribution to the human metabolome: implications for health and disease. Annu Rev Pathol. 2020; 15(1): 345– 369. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-020117-043559. 31622559 PMC7678725 · DOI
  28. [31]Li J, Jia H, Cai X, Zhong H, Feng Q, Sunagawa S, Arumugam M, Kultima JR, Prifti E, Nielsen T, et al. An integrated catalog of reference genes in the human gut microbiome. Nat Biotechnol. 2014; 32(8): 834– 841. doi: 10.1038/nbt.2942. 24997786 · DOI · Paper page
  29. [32]Iacob S, Iacob DG, Luminos LM. Intestinal microbiota as a host defense mechanism to infectious threats. Front Microbiol. 2018; 9: 3328. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03328. 30761120 PMC6362409 · DOI
  30. [33]Zhang P. Influence of foods and nutrition on the gut microbiome and implications for intestinal health. Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(17): 23(17. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179588. PMC9455721 36076980 · DOI
  31. [34]Bravo D, Hoare A, Soto C, Valenzuela MA, Quest AF. Helicobacter pylori in human health and disease: mechanisms for local gastric and systemic effects. World J Gastroenterol. 2018; 24(28): 3071– 3089. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i28.3071. 30065554 PMC6064966 · DOI
  32. [35]Jiang ZD, Jenq RR, Ajami NJ, Petrosino JF, Alexander AA, Ke S, Iqbal T, DuPont AW, Muldrew K, Shi Y, et al. Safety and preliminary efficacy of orally administered lyophilized fecal microbiota product compared with frozen product given by enema for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection: a randomized clinical trial. PLOS ONE. 2018; 13(11): e0205064. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205064. 30388112 PMC6214502 · DOI
  33. [36]Qiu P, Ishimoto T, Fu L, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Liu Y. The gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022; 12: 733992. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.733992. 35273921 PMC8902753 · DOI
  34. [37]Raftery AL, Tsantikos E, Harris NL, Hibbs ML. Links between inflammatory bowel disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Immunol. 2020; 11: 2144. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02144. 33042125 PMC7517908 · DOI
  35. [38]Yazar A, Atis S, Konca K, Pata C, Akbay E, Calikoglu M, Hafta A. Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary functional changes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96(5): 1511– 1516. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03748.x. 11374691 · DOI
  36. [39]Kapur R, Kim M, Rebetz J, Hallström B, Björkman JT, Takabe-French A, Kim N, Liu J, Shanmugabhavananthan S, Milosevic S, et al. Gastrointestinal microbiota contributes to the development of murine transfusion-related acute lung injury. Blood Adv. 2018; 2(13): 1651– 1663. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018018903. 29991496 PMC6039664 · DOI
  37. [40]Yang W, Ansari AR, Niu X, Zou W, Lu M, Dong L, Li F, Chen Y, Yang K, Song H. Interaction between gut microbiota dysbiosis and lung infection as gut-lung axis caused by Streptococcus suis in mouse model. Microbiol Res. 2022; 261: 127047. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127047. 35552098 · DOI
  38. [41]Dang AT, Marsland BJ. Microbes, metabolites, and the gut–lung axis. Mucosal Immunol. 2019; 12(4): 843– 850. doi: 10.1038/s41385-019-0160-6. 30976087 · DOI · Paper page
  39. [42]Wypych TP, Wickramasinghe LC, Marsland BJ. The influence of the microbiome on respiratory health. Nat Immunol. 2019; 20(10): 1279– 1290. doi: 10.1038/s41590-019-0451-9. 31501577 · DOI · Paper page
  40. [43]Wu Y, Li Y, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Wen J, Chen L, Liang X, Wu T, Tan C, Liu Y. Gut microbiome and metabolites: the potential key roles in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Microbiol. 2022; 13: 943791. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.943791. 36274689 PMC9582946 · DOI
  41. [44]Zhang F, Lau RI, Liu Q, Su Q, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Gut microbiota in COVID-19: key microbial changes, potential mechanisms and clinical applications. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023; 20(5): 323– 337. doi: 10.1038/s41575-022-00698-4. 36271144 PMC9589856 · DOI
  42. [45]Wang L, Cai Y, Garssen J, Henricks PAJ, Folkerts G, Braber S. The bidirectional gut–lung axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023; 207(9): 1145– 1160. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202206-1066TR. 36883945 PMC10161745 · DOI
  43. [46]Ye S, Si C, Deng J, Chen X, Kong L, Zhou X, Wang W. Understanding the effects of metabolites on the gut microbiome and severe acute pancreatitis. Biomed Res Int. 2021; 2021: 1– 10. doi: 10.1155/2021/1516855. 34712726 PMC8548099 · DOI
  44. [47]Tan JY, Tang YC, Huang J. Gut microbiota and lung injury. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020; 1238: 55– 72. 32323180
  45. [48]Ma J, Zhu Z, Yishajiang Y, Alarjani KM, Hong L, Luo L. Role of gut microbiota and inflammatory factors in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol. 2023; 14: 1294692. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1294692. 38173678 PMC10761488 · DOI
  46. [49]Leylabadlo HE, Ghotaslou R, Feizabadi MM, Farajnia S, Moaddab SY, Ganbarov K, Khodadadi E, Tanomand A, Sheykhsaran E, Yousefi B, et al. The critical role of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in human health: an overview. Microb Pathog. 2020; 149: 104344. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104344. 32534182 · DOI
  47. [50]Gavzy SJ, Kensiski A, Lee ZL, Mongodin EF, Ma B, Bromberg JS. Bifidobacterium mechanisms of immune modulation and tolerance. Gut Microbes. 2023; 15(2): 2291164. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2291164. 38055306 PMC10730214 · DOI
  48. [51]Mansour S, Asrar T, Elhenawy W. The multifaceted virulence of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli. Gut Microbes. 2023; 15(1): 2172669. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2172669. 36740845 PMC9904308 · DOI
  49. [52]Kyo M, Nishioka K, Nakaya T, Kida Y, Tanabe Y, Ohshimo S, Shime N. Unique patterns of lower respiratory tract microbiota are associated with inflammation and hospital mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respir Res. 2019; 20(1): 246. doi: 10.1186/s12931-019-1203-y. 31694652 PMC6836399 · DOI
  50. [53]Sun M, Wu W, Liu Z, Cong Y. Microbiota metabolite short chain fatty acids, GPCR, and inflammatory bowel diseases. J Gastroenterol. 2017; 52(1): 1– 8. doi: 10.1007/s00535-016-1242-9. 27448578 PMC5215992 · DOI
  51. [54]den Besten G, van Eunen K, Groen AK, Venema K, Reijngoud D-J, Bakker BM. The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism. J Lipid Res. 2013; 54(9): 2325– 2340. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R036012. 23821742 PMC3735932 · DOI · Paper page
  52. [55]Ma L, Ni Y, Wang Z, Tu W, Ni L, Zhuge F, Zheng A, Hu L, Zhao Y, Zheng L, et al. Spermidine improves gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota function in diet-induced obese mice. Gut Microbes. 2020; 12(1): 1– 19. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1832857. PMC7668533 33151120 · DOI
  53. [56]Al Mahri S, Malik SS, Al Ibrahim M, Haji E, Dairi G, Mohammad S. Free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) in adipose: physiological role and therapeutic outlook. Cells. 2022; 11(4): 11(4. doi: 10.3390/cells11040750. PMC8870169 35203397 · DOI
  54. [57]Deleu S, Machiels K, Raes J, Verbeke K, Vermeire S. Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: an overlooked therapy for IBD? EBioMedicine. 2021; 66: 103293. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103293. 33813134 PMC8047503 · DOI
  55. [58]Ríos-Covián D, Ruas-Madiedo P, Margolles A, Gueimonde M, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Salazar N. Intestinal short chain fatty acids and their link with diet and human health. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7: 185. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00185. 26925050 PMC4756104 · DOI
  56. [59]Flint HJ. Gut microbial metabolites in health and disease. Gut Microbes. 2016; 7(3): 187– 188. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1182295. 27115177 PMC4939910 · DOI
  57. [60]Su G, Guo D, Chen J, Liu M, Zheng J, Wang W, Zhao X, Yin Q, Zhang L, Zhao Z, et al. A distal enhancer maintaining Hoxa1 expression orchestrates retinoic acid-induced early ESCs differentiation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019; 47(13): 6737– 6752. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz482. 31147716 PMC6649716 · DOI
  58. [61]Luo S, Wen R, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Nong F, Fu Y, Huang S, Chen J, Zhou L, Luo X. Rhubarb peony decoction ameliorates ulcerative colitis in mice by regulating gut microbiota to restoring Th17/Treg balance. J Ethnopharmacol. 2019; 231: 39– 49. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.033. 30170079 · DOI
  59. [62]Cox MA, Jackson J, Stanton M, Rojas-Triana A, Bober L, Laverty M, Yang X, Zhu F, Liu J, Wang S, et al. Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E(2) and cytokines. World J Gastroenterol. 2009; 15(44): 5549– 5557. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.5549. 19938193 PMC2785057 · DOI · Paper page
  60. [63]Liu L, Li L, Min J, Wang J, Wu H, Zeng Y, Chen S, Chu Z. Butyrate interferes with the differentiation and function of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Cell Immunol. 2012; 277(1–2): 66– 73. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.05.011. 22698927 · DOI · Paper page
  61. [64]Yao Y, Cai X, Fei W, Ye Y, Zhao M, Zheng C. The role of short-chain fatty acids in immunity, inflammation and metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022; 62(1): 1– 12. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1854675. 33261516 · DOI
  62. [65]Kim CH, Park J, Kim M. Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids, T cells, and inflammation. Immune Netw. 2014; 14(6): 277– 288. doi: 10.4110/in.2014.14.6.277. 25550694 PMC4275385 · DOI · Paper page
  63. [66]Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, Kranich J, Sierro F, Yu DI, Schilter HC, Rolph MS, Mackay F, Artis D, et al. Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43. Nature. 2009; 461(7268): 1282– 1286. doi: 10.1038/nature08530. 19865172 PMC3256734 · DOI · Paper page
  64. [67]Zeng H, Chi H. Metabolic control of regulatory T cell development and function. Trends Immunol. 2015; 36(1): 3– 12. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2014.08.003. 25248463 PMC4280284 · DOI
  65. [70]Li P, Chen G, Zhang J, Pei C, Chen Y, Gong J, Deng S, Cai K, Li H, Wang D, et al. Live Lactobacillus acidophilus alleviates ulcerative colitis via the SCFAs/mitophagy/NLRP3 inflammasome axis. Food Funct. 2022; 13(5): 2985– 2997. doi: 10.1039/D1FO03360C. 35195119 · DOI
  66. [71]Tong LC, Wang Y, Wang Z-B, Liu W-Y, Sun S, Li L, Su D-F, Zhang L-C. Propionate ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol. 2016; 7: 253. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00253. 27574508 PMC4983549 · DOI
  67. [72]Li Y, Xia D, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang H, Huang L, Shen J, Wang S, Feng Y, He D, et al. Dietary fibers with different viscosity regulate lipid metabolism via ampk pathway: roles of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid. Poult Sci. 2022; 101(4): 101742. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101742. 35245807 PMC8892021 · DOI
  68. [73]Pan T, Lee JW. A crucial role of neutrophil extracellular traps in pulmonary infectious diseases. Chin Med J Pulm Crit Care Med. 2024; 2(1): 34– 41. doi: 10.1016/j.pccm.2023.10.004. 39170960 PMC11332830 · DOI
  69. [74]Liu Q, Tian X, Maruyama D, Arjomandi M, Prakash A. Lung immune tone via gut-lung axis: gut-derived LPS and short-chain fatty acids’ immunometabolic regulation of lung IL-1β, FFAR2, and FFAR3 expression. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2021; 321(1): L65– l78. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00421.2020. 33851870 PMC8321849 · DOI
  70. [75]Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhu L, Yang X, He F, Wang T, Bao T, Lu H, Wang H, Yang S. Inulin alleviates inflammation of alcoholic liver disease via SCFAs-inducing suppression of M1 and facilitation of M2 macrophages in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020; 78: 106062. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106062. 31830621 · DOI
  71. [76]Panzer SE. Macrophages in transplantation: a matter of plasticity, polarization, and diversity. Transplantation. 2022; 106(2): 257– 267. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000003804. 33908380 PMC8548398 · DOI
  72. [77]Aguilar EC, Leonel AJ, Teixeira LG, Silva AR, Silva JF, Pelaez JMN, Capettini LSA, Lemos VS, Santos RAS, Alvarez-Leite JI. Butyrate impairs atherogenesis by reducing plaque inflammation and vulnerability and decreasing NFκB activation. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014; 24(6): 606– 613. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.01.002. 24602606 · DOI
  73. [78]Machado MG, Patente TA, Rouillé Y, Heumel S, Melo EM, Deruyter L, Pourcet B, Sencio V, Teixeira MM, Trottein F. Acetate improves the killing of streptococcus pneumoniae by alveolar macrophages via NLRP3 inflammasome and glycolysis-HIF-1α axis. Front Immunol. 2022; 13: 773261. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.773261. 35126390 PMC8810543 · DOI
  74. [79]Colombo M, Raposo G, Théry C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014; 30(1): 255– 289. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326. 25288114 · DOI · Paper page
  75. [80]Íñiguez-Gutiérrez L, Godínez-Méndez LA, Fafutis-Morris M, Padilla-Arellano JR, Corona-Rivera A, Bueno-Topete MR, Rojas-Rejón ÓA, Delgado-Rizo V. Physiological concentrations of short-chain fatty acids induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in vitro. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2020; 34: 2058738420958949. doi: 10.1177/2058738420958949. 33373277 PMC7783874 · DOI
  76. [82]K NK, Patil P, Bhandary SK, Haridas V, N SK, E S, Shetty P. Is butyrate a natural alternative to dexamethasone in the management of CoVID-19? F1000Res. 2021; 10: 273. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.51786.1. 34046165 PMC8108555 · DOI
  77. [83]Zhou T, Wu J, Zeng Y, Li J, Yan J, Meng W, Han H, Feng F, He J, Zhao S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 triggered oxidative stress and abnormal energy metabolism in gut microbiota. MedComm (2020). 2022; 3(1): e112. doi: 10.1002/mco2.112. 35281785 PMC8906553 · DOI
  78. [84]Alghetaa H, Mohammed A, Zhou J, Singh N, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Resveratrol-mediated attenuation of superantigen-driven acute respiratory distress syndrome is mediated by microbiota in the lungs and gut. Pharmacol Res. 2021; 167: 105548. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105548. 33722710 PMC10116750 · DOI
  79. [85]Sultan M, Wilson K, Abdulla OA, Busbee PB, Hall A, Carter T, Singh N, Chatterjee S, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Endocannabinoid anandamide attenuates acute respiratory distress syndrome through modulation of microbiome in the gut-lung axis. Cells. 2021; 10(12): 3305. doi: 10.3390/cells10123305. 34943813 PMC8699344 · DOI
  80. [86]Lei Y, Tang L, Liu S, Hu S, Wu L, Liu Y, Yang M, Huang S, Tang X, Tang T, et al. Parabacteroides produces acetate to alleviate heparanase-exacerbated acute pancreatitis through reducing neutrophil infiltration. Microbiome. 2021; 9(1): 115. doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01065-2. 34016163 PMC8138927 · DOI
  81. [87]Li T, Chiang JYL. Bile acids as metabolic regulators: an update. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2023; 39(3): 249– 255. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000934. 36976875 · DOI
  82. [88]Urdaneta V, Casadesús J. Interactions between bacteria and bile salts in the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary tracts. Front Med (Lausanne). 2017; 4: 163. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00163. 29043249 PMC5632352 · DOI · Paper page
  83. [89]Qiu Y, Liu S, Hou L, Li K, Wang L, Gao K, Yang X, Jiang Z. Supplemental choline modulates growth performance and gut inflammation by altering the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in weaned piglets. J Nutr. 2021; 151(1): 20– 29. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa331. 33245135 · DOI
  84. [90]Kang JD, Myers CJ, Harris SC, Kakiyama G, Lee I-K, Yun B-S, Matsuzaki K, Furukawa M, Min H-K, Bajaj JS, et al. Bile acid 7α-dehydroxylating gut bacteria secrete antibiotics that inhibit clostridium difficile: role of secondary bile acids. Cell Chem Biol. 2019; 26(1): 27– 34.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.10.003. 30482679 PMC6338514 · DOI
  85. [91]Harnisch LO, Mihaylov D, Bein T, Apfelbacher C, Kiehntopf M, Bauer M, Moerer O, Quintel M. Determination of individual bile acids in acute respiratory distress syndrome reveals a specific pattern of primary and secondary bile acids and a shift to the acidic pathway as an adaptive response to the critical condition. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2022; 60(6): 891– 900. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2021-1176. 35313097 · DOI
  86. [92]Niu F, Li H, Xu X, Sun L, Gan N, Wang A. Ursodeoxycholic acid protects against lung injury induced by fat embolism syndrome. J Cell Mol Med. 2020; 24(24): 14626– 14632. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.15985. 33145933 PMC7754031 · DOI
  87. [93]Chen ML, Takeda K, Sundrud MS. Emerging roles of bile acids in mucosal immunity and inflammation. Mucosal Immunol. 2019; 12(4): 851– 861. doi: 10.1038/s41385-019-0162-4. 30952999 · DOI
  88. [95]Su X, Gao Y, Yang R. Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites maintain gut and systemic homeostasis. Cells. 2022; 11(15): 11(15. doi: 10.3390/cells11152296. PMC9330295 35892593 · DOI · Paper page
  89. [96]Elmassry MM, Mudaliar NS, Colmer-Hamood JA, San Francisco MJ, Griswold JA, Dissanaike S, Hamood AN. New markers for sepsis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa during burn infection. Metabolomics. 2020; 16(3): 40. doi: 10.1007/s11306-020-01658-2. 32170472 PMC7223005 · DOI
  90. [97]Tsoyi K, Liang X, De Rossi G, Ryter SW, Xiong K, Chu SG, Liu X, Ith B, Celada LJ, Romero F, et al. CD148 deficiency in fibroblasts promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021; 204(3): 312– 325. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202008-3100OC. 33784491 PMC8513593 · DOI
  91. [98]Vernocchi P, Gili T, Conte F, Del Chierico F, Conta G, Miccheli A, Botticelli A, Paci P, Caldarelli G, Nuti M, et al. Network analysis of gut microbiome and metabolome to discover microbiota-linked biomarkers in patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21(22). doi: 10.3390/ijms21228730. PMC7699235 33227982 · DOI
  92. [99]Rothhammer V, Mascanfroni ID, Bunse L, Takenaka MC, Kenison JE, Mayo L, Chao C-C, Patel B, Yan R, Blain M, et al. Type I interferons and microbial metabolites of tryptophan modulate astrocyte activity and central nervous system inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Nat Med. 2016; 22(6): 586– 597. doi: 10.1038/nm.4106. 27158906 PMC4899206 · DOI · Paper page
  93. [100]Benson TW, Conrad KA, Li XS, Wang Z, Helsley RN, Schugar RC, Coughlin TM, Wadding-Lee C, Fleifil S, Russell HM, et al. Gut microbiota–derived trimethylamine N-Oxide contributes to abdominal aortic aneurysm through inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms. Circulation. 2023; 147(14): 1079– 1096. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060573. 37011073 PMC10071415 · DOI
  94. [101]Matsumoto K, Ichimura M, Tsuneyama K, Moritoki Y, Tsunashima H, Omagari K, Hara M, Yasuda I, Miyakawa H, Kikuchi K, et al. Fructo-oligosaccharides and intestinal barrier function in a methionine–choline-deficient mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. PLOS ONE. 2017; 12(6): e0175406. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175406. 28632732 PMC5478096 · DOI
  95. [102]Guo L, Chen Q, Gao Y, Jiang H, Zhou F, Zhang F, Xu M. Cdp-choline modulates cholinergic signaling and gut microbiota to alleviate dss-induced inflammatory bowel disease. Biochem Pharmacol. 2023; 217: 115845. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115845. 37827341 · DOI
  96. [103]Roci I, Watrous JD, Lagerborg KA, Jain M, Nilsson R. Mapping choline metabolites in normal and transformed cells. Metabolomics. 2020; 16(12): 125. doi: 10.1007/s11306-020-01749-0. 33249526 PMC7701132 · DOI
  97. [104]Kapetanaki S, Kumawat AK, Persson K, Demirel I. The fibrotic effects of TMAO on human renal fibroblasts is mediated by NLRP3, caspase-1 and the PERK/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(21): 11864. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111864. 34769294 PMC8584593 · DOI
  98. [105]Chou RH, Wu P-S, Wang S-C, Wu C-H, Lu S-F, Lien R-Y, Tsai Y-L, Lu Y-W, Kuo M-R, Guo J-Y, et al. Paradox of trimethylamine-N-oxide, the impact of malnutrition on microbiota-derived metabolites and septic patients. J Intensive Care. 2021; 9(1): 65. doi: 10.1186/s40560-021-00581-5. 34674768 PMC8529374 · DOI
  99. [106]Yu D, Fang X, Xu Y, Xiao H, Huang T, Zhang Y, Ge Y, Li Y, Zong L, Gao J. Rev-erbα can regulate the NF-κB/NALP3 pathway to modulate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019; 73: 312– 320. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.035. 31129418 · DOI
  100. [107]Hu X, Li H, Fu L, Liu F, Wang H, Li M, Jiang C, Yin B. The protective effect of hyperin on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Microb Pathog. 2019; 127: 116– 120. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.048. 30502516 · DOI
  101. [108]Domscheit H, Hegeman MA, Carvalho N, Spieth PM. Molecular dynamics of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in rodents. Front Physiol. 2020; 11: 36. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00036. 32116752 PMC7012903 · DOI
  102. [109]Liu S, Chen Q, Liu J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Huang F. Sinomenine protects against E.Coli-induced acute lung injury in mice through Nrf2-NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018; 107: 696– 702. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.048. 30138891 · DOI
  103. [110]Chen G, Li X, Huang M, Li M, Zhou X, Li Y, Bai J. Thioredoxin-1 increases survival in sepsis by inflammatory response through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Shock. 2016; 46(1): 67– 74. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000570. 27299588 · DOI
  104. [111]Tang J, Xu L, Zeng Y, Gong F. Effect of gut microbiota on LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021; 91: 107272. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107272. 33360370 · DOI
  105. [112]Yan J, Li J, Zhang L, Sun Y, Jiang J, Huang Y, Xu H, Jiang H, Hu R. Nrf2 protects against acute lung injury and inflammation by modulating TLR4 and Akt signaling. Free Radic Biol Med. 2018; 121: 78– 85. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.557. 29678610 · DOI
  106. [113]Li W, Ding Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Peng M, Li C, Zhang H, Zhong R, Xia T, Zhong L, et al. Integrated pharmacology reveals the molecular mechanism of gegen qinlian decoction against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Front Pharmacol. 2022; 13: 854544. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.854544. 35645794 PMC9136983 · DOI
  107. [114]Li R, Li J, Zhou X. Lung microbiome: new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024; 9(1): 19. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01722-y. 38228603 PMC10791971 · DOI
  108. [115]Jia Q, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhao J, Jiang Q, Wang H, Xue W, Zhu Z, Tian L. Lung microbiome and transcriptome reveal mechanisms underlying PM(2.5) induced pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Total Environ. 2022; 831: 154974. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154974. 35378184 · DOI
  109. [116]Man MA, Ungur RA, Motoc NS, Pop LA, Berindan-Neagoe I, Ruta VM. Lung microbiota in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and unclassified interstitial lung diseases: a preliminary pilot study. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023; 13(19): 13(19. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13193157. PMC10572521 37835899 · DOI
  110. [117]Hashimoto Y, Eguchi A, Wei Y, Shinno-Hashimoto H, Fujita Y, Ishima T, Chang L, Mori C, Suzuki T, Hashimoto K. Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion improves LPS-induced acute lung injury via gut-lung axis. Life Sci. 2022; 307: 120885. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120885. 35981631 · DOI
  111. [118]Yin GF, Li B, Fan XM. [Effects and mechanism of fecal transplantation on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019; 99(20): 1582– 1587. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.20.013. 31154727 · DOI
  112. [119]Zhang X, Yang X, Zhang Z, Lei M, Zhang X, Wang X, Yang X. [Analysis of intestinal patients’ flora changes with severe pneumonia based on 16SrDNA sequencing technology]. Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue. 2019; 31(12): 1479– 1484. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2019.12.009. 32029033 · DOI
  113. [120]Yu ZX, Ji M-S, Yan J, Cai Y, Liu J, Yang H-F, Li Y, Jin Z-C, Zheng J-X. The ratio of Th17/Treg cells as a risk indicator in early acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care. 2015; 19(1): 82. doi: 10.1186/s13054-015-0811-2. 25887535 PMC4355972 · DOI
  114. [121]Kapur R, Kim M, Aslam R, McVey MJ, Tabuchi A, Luo A, Liu J, Li Y, Shanmugabhavananthan S, Speck ER, et al. T regulatory cells and dendritic cells protect against transfusion-related acute lung injury via IL-10. Blood. 2017; 129(18): 2557– 2569. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-12-758185. 28202460 PMC5418638 · DOI
  115. [122]Tang T, Wang F, Liu J, Ye W, Zhao T, Li Z. Rhubarb alleviates acute lung injury by modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice. Curr Microbiol. 2022; 79(4): 116. doi: 10.1007/s00284-022-02811-x. 35218438 · DOI
  116. [123]Wang Q, Zhou X, Yang L, Luo M, Han L, Lu Y, Shi Q, Wang Y, Liang Q. Gentiopicroside (GENT) protects against sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through the nf-κB signaling pathway. Ann Transl Med. 2019; 7(23): 731. doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.11.126. 32042747 PMC6990009 · DOI
  117. [124]Hu Q, Ren H, Li G, Wang D, Zhou Q, Wu J, Zheng J, Huang J, Slade DA, Wu X, et al. Sting-mediated intestinal barrier dysfunction contributes to lethal sepsis. EBioMedicine. 2019; 41: 497– 508. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.055. 30878597 PMC6443583 · DOI
  118. [125]Gong S, Yan Z, Liu Z, Niu M, Fang H, Li N, Huang C, Li L, Chen G, Luo H, et al. Intestinal microbiota mediates the susceptibility to polymicrobial sepsis-induced liver injury by granisetron generation in mice. Hepatology. 2019; 69(4): 1751– 1767. doi: 10.1002/hep.30361. 30506577 · DOI · Paper page
  119. [126]Chen G, Huang B, Fu S, Li B, Ran X, He D, Jiang L, Li Y, Liu B, Xie L, et al. G protein-coupled receptor 109A and Host microbiota modulate intestinal epithelial integrity during sepsis. Front Immunol. 2018; 9: 2079. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02079. 30271409 PMC6146091 · DOI
  120. [127]Yoseph BP, Klingensmith NJ, Liang Z, Breed ER, Burd EM, Mittal R, Dominguez JA, Petrie B, Ford ML, Coopersmith CM. Mechanisms of intestinal barrier dysfunction in sepsis. Shock. 2016; 46(1): 52– 59. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000565. 27299587 PMC4910519 · DOI
  121. [128]Haak BW, Wiersinga WJ. The role of the gut microbiota in sepsis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017; 2(2): 135– 143. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30119-4. 28403983 · DOI
  122. [129]Klingensmith NJ, Coopersmith CM. The gut as the motor of multiple organ dysfunction in critical illness. Crit Care Clin. 2016; 32(2): 203– 212. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.11.004. 27016162 PMC4808565 · DOI
  123. [130]Adelman MW, Woodworth MH, Langelier C, Busch LM, Kempker JA, Kraft CS, Martin GS. The gut microbiome’s role in the development, maintenance, and outcomes of sepsis. Crit Care. 2020; 24(1): 278. doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-02989-1. 32487252 PMC7266132 · DOI · Paper page
  124. [131]Haak BW, Prescott HC, Wiersinga WJ. Therapeutic potential of the gut microbiota in the prevention and treatment of sepsis. Front Immunol. 2018; 9: 2042. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02042. 30250472 PMC6139316 · DOI
  125. [132]Ralls MW, Demehri FR, Feng Y, Woods Ignatoski KM, Teitelbaum DH. Enteral nutrient deprivation in patients leads to a loss of intestinal epithelial barrier function. Surgery. 2015; 157(4): 732– 742. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.12.004. 25704423 PMC4369405 · DOI
  126. [133]Million M, Diallo A, Raoult D. Gut microbiota and malnutrition. Microb Pathog. 2017; 106: 127– 138. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.02.003. 26853753 · DOI
  127. [134]Fan EKY, Fan J. Regulation of alveolar macrophage death in acute lung inflammation. Respir Res. 2018; 19(1): 50. doi: 10.1186/s12931-018-0756-5. 29587748 PMC5872399 · DOI
  128. [135]Lee HR, Shin S-H, Kim JH, Sohn K-Y, Yoon SY, Kim JW. 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) rapidly resolves LPS-induced acute lung injury through the effective control of neutrophil recruitment. Front Immunol. 2019; 10: 2177. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02177. 31620122 PMC6759802 · DOI
  129. [136]Cohen J, Vincent J-L, Adhikari NKJ, Machado FR, Angus DC, Calandra T, Jaton K, Giulieri S, Delaloye J, Opal S, et al. Sepsis: a roadmap for future research. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015; 15(5): 581– 614. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)70112-X. 25932591 · DOI
  130. [137]van der Poll T, van de Veerdonk FL, Scicluna BP, Netea MG. The immunopathology of sepsis and potential therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Immunol. 2017; 17(7): 407– 420. doi: 10.1038/nri.2017.36. 28436424 · DOI · Paper page
  131. [138]Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, Levy MM, Antonelli M, Ferrer R, Kumar A, Sevransky JE, Sprung CL, Nunnally ME, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med. 2017; 43(3): 304– 377. doi: 10.1007/s00134-017-4683-6. 28101605 · DOI · Paper page
  132. [139]Mukherjee S, Hanidziar D. More of the gut in the lung: how two microbiomes meet in ARDS. Yale J Biol Med. 2018; 91(2): 143– 149. 29955219 PMC6020735
  133. [140]Dickson RP, Singer BH, Newstead MW, Falkowski NR, Erb-Downward JR, Standiford TJ, Huffnagle GB. Enrichment of the lung microbiome with gut bacteria in sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Nat Microbiol. 2016; 1(10): 16113. doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.113. 27670109 PMC5076472 · DOI · Paper page
  134. [141]Li XY, He C, Zhu Y, Lu N-H. Role of gut microbiota on intestinal barrier function in acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2020; 26(18): 2187– 2193. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i18.2187. 32476785 PMC7235204 · DOI
  135. [142]Song W, Yang X, Wang W, Wang Z, Wu J, Huang F. Sinomenine ameliorates septic acute lung injury in mice by modulating gut homeostasis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor/Nrf2 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2021; 912: 174581. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174581. 34743979 · DOI
  136. [143]Mustansir Dawoodbhoy F, Patel BK, Patel K, Bhatia M, Lee CN, Moochhala SM. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis as a target for improved post-surgical outcomes and improved patient care: a review of current literature. Shock. 2021; 55(4): 441– 454. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000001654. 32881759 · DOI
  137. [144]Laubach VE, Sharma AK. Mechanisms of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Curr Opin Organ Transpl. 2016; 21(3): 246– 252. doi: 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000304. PMC4861054 26945320 · DOI
  138. [145]Ferrari RS, Andrade CF. Oxidative stress and lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2015; 2015: 1– 14. doi: 10.1155/2015/590987. PMC4487720 26161240 · DOI
  139. [146]Sweeney RM, McAuley DF. Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet. 2016; 388(10058): 2416– 2430. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00578-X. 27133972 PMC7138018 · DOI
  140. [147]Chen-Yoshikawa TF. Ischemia–reperfusion injury in lung transplantation. Cells. 2021; 10(6): 1333. doi: 10.3390/cells10061333. 34071255 PMC8228304 · DOI
  141. [148]Hung KY, Wu S-Y, Pao H-P, Liao W-I, Chu S-J. Acetate, a gut bacterial product, ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion induced acute lung injury in rats. Int Immunopharmacol. 2022; 111: 109136. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109136. 35964409 · DOI
  142. [149]Li Y, Cao Y, Xiao J, Shang J, Tan Q, Ping F, Huang W, Wu F, Zhang H, Zhang X. Inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute lung injury. Cell Death Differ. 2020; 27(9): 2635– 2650. doi: 10.1038/s41418-020-0528-x. 32203170 PMC7429834 · DOI
  143. [150]Wang YH, Yan Z-Z, Luo S-D, Hu J-J, Wu M, Zhao J, Liu W-F, Li C, Liu K-X. Gut microbiota-derived succinate aggravates acute lung injury after intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion in mice. Eur Respir J. 2023; 61(2). doi: 10.1183/13993003.00840-2022. 36229053 · DOI
  144. [151]Kiss L, Fűr G, Pisipati S, Rajalingamgari P, Ewald N, Singh V, Rakonczay Z. Mechanisms linking hypertriglyceridemia to acute pancreatitis. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2023; 237(3): e13916. doi: 10.1111/apha.13916. 36599412 · DOI
  145. [152]Zerem E. Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis and its complications. World J Gastroenterol. 2014; 20(38): 13879– 13892. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13879. 25320523 PMC4194569 · DOI
  146. [153]Yang S, Song Y, Wang Q, Liu Y, Wu Z, Duan X, Zhang Y, Bi X, Geng Y, Chen S, et al. Daphnetin ameliorates acute lung injury in mice with severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting the JAK2–STAT3 pathway. Sci Rep. 2021; 11(1): 11491. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91008-6. 34075160 PMC8169853 · DOI
  147. [154]Kong L, Deng J, Zhou X, Cai B, Zhang B, Chen X, Chen Z, Wang W. Sitagliptin activates the p62–Keap1–Nrf2 signalling pathway to alleviate oxidative stress and excessive autophagy in severe acute pancreatitis-related acute lung injury. Cell Death Dis. 2021; 12(10): 928. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04227-0. 34635643 PMC8505515 · DOI
  148. [155]Mei Q, Deng G, Huang Z, Yin Y, Li C, Hu J, Fu Y, Wang X, Zeng Y. Porous COS@SiO(2) nanocomposites ameliorate severe acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway in mice. Front Chem. 2020; 8: 720. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00720. 33134248 PMC7579426 · DOI
  149. [156]Wang Z, Li F, Liu J, Luo Y, Guo H, Yang Q, Xu C, Ma S, Chen H. Intestinal microbiota – an unmissable bridge to severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury. Front Immunol. 2022; 13: 913178. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913178. 35774796 PMC9237221 · DOI
  150. [157]Wang Z, Liu J, Li F, Luo Y, Ge P, Zhang Y, Wen H, Yang Q, Ma S, Chen H. The gut-lung axis in severe acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury: the protection by the gut microbiota through short-chain fatty acids. Pharmacol Res. 2022; 182: 106321. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106321. 35752356 · DOI
  151. [158]Hu X, Han Z, Zhou R, Su W, Gong L, Yang Z, Song X, Zhang S, Shu H, Wu D. Altered gut microbiota in the early stage of acute pancreatitis were related to the occurrence of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023; 13: 1127369. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1127369. 36949815 PMC10025409 · DOI
  152. [159]Wang Z, Liu J, Li F, Ma S, Zhao L, Ge P, Wen H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Luo Y, et al. Mechanisms of qingyi decoction in severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury via gut microbiota: targeting the short-chain fatty acids-mediated AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Microbiol Spectr. 2023; 11(4): e0366422. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03664-22. 37338348 PMC10434154 · DOI
  153. [160]Ooijevaar RE, Terveer EM, Verspaget HW, Kuijper EJ, Keller JJ. Clinical application and potential of fecal microbiota transplantation. Annu Rev Med. 2019; 70(1): 335– 351. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-111717-122956. 30403550 · DOI
  154. [161]Pan X, Fang X, Wang F, Li H, Niu W, Liang W, Wu C, Li J, Tu X, Pan L-L, et al. Butyrate ameliorates caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and associated intestinal injury by tissue-specific mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol. 2019; 176(23): 4446– 4461. doi: 10.1111/bph.14806. 31347703 PMC6932943 · DOI · Paper page
  155. [162]Xu J, Song J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yang L, Sha Y, Sun B, You N, Tian X, Lin R, et al. Jinzhi protects lipopolysaccharide-treated mice against mortality by repairing intestinal mucosal barrier damage and intestinal microecology. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020; 123: 109749. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109749. 31846840 · DOI
  156. [163]Mu S, Zhang J, Du S, Zhu M, Wei W, Xiang J, Wang J, Han Y, Zhao Y, Zheng H, et al. Gut microbiota modulation and anti-inflammatory properties of Xuanbai Chengqi decoction in septic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021; 267: 113534. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113534. 33137434 · DOI
  157. [164]Bao K, Wang M, Liu L, Zhang D, Jin C, Zhang J, Shi L. Jinhong decoction protects sepsis-associated acute lung injury by reducing intestinal bacterial translocation and improving gut microbial homeostasis. Front Pharmacol. 2023; 14: 1079482. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1079482. 37081964 PMC10110981 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ren, Z., Zheng, Z., & Feng, X.
Affiliations
  • Shandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital (CN)
  • Shandong Provincial Hospital (CN)
Corresponding author
Feng, Xiujing
ORCID
Feng, Xiujing
Venue
Gut Microbes
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2024-12-10
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
2440125-2440125
ISSN
  • 1949-0976 (ISSN-L)
  • 1949-0984
DOI
10.1080/19490976.2024.2440125
PMC
PMC11639474
OpenAlex
W4405263727
Cited by
48
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 13
FWCI
1.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Gut Microbes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (82073911)
  • Taishan Scholars Program (Tsqn202211220)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords
acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, gut microbiota, gut microbiota metabolites, gut-lung axis, hypoxemia, multiple organ failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury, mechanical ventilation
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Humans, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Acute Lung Injury

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review