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An interpretative phenomenological analysis of burnout and recovery in elite soccer coaches

Lundkvist, Erik, Gustafsson, Henrik, Hjälm, Sören, Hassmén, Peter·2012·Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health
DOI 10.1080/2159676x.2012.693526
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Abstract

Knowledge about the personal experience of burnout in elite coaches is sparse. We therefore studied subjective experiences associated with burnout in a group of elite soccer coaches; specifically how they describe perceived causes of burnout, symptoms and the subsequent recovery process. A qualitative approach was used, because our aim was to study the coaches’ personal experiences of burnout. We conducted semi-structured interviews and used interpretative phenomenological analysis to analyse the data. We interviewed eight Swedish elite soccer coaches who had previously reported high levels of burnout. We found two burnout profiles that matched the coaches’ perceived causes of burnout. The first was associated with problems in handling the performance culture itself and the second had to do with the overall situation, including workload, family and health. Our findings describe coach burnout as stemming from a combination of issues, related to both home and work. When combined with work overload, coaches who have problems handling the performance culture in elite sports, and who lack the tools to enhance recovery, are particularly vulnerable to burnout.

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  • Sleep disturbances were associated with symptoms of burnout.

    “Findings also revealed that sleep disturbances were associated with symptoms of burnout [45, 97, 100]”

    From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [100]

  • Coaches who were experiencing burnout may adopt a passive style of leadership, where coaches tended to be quieter when addressing or interacting with their athletes.

    “Lundkvist et al. reported that coaches who were experiencing burnout may adopt a passive style of leadership, where coaches tended to be quieter when addressing or interacting with their athletes [100].”

    From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [100]

  • Elite-level coaches experiencing symptoms associated with anxiety may encounter challenges in pursuing short- and long-term goals.

    “For example, it was reported that elite-level coaches experiencing symptoms associated with anxiety may encounter challenges in pursuing short- and long-term goals [100, 103].”

    From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [100]

  • Excessive workloads have been identified as common stressors among elite-level coaches.

    “Since excessive workloads have been identified as common stressors among elite-level coaches [8, 10, 100]”

    From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [100]

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Authors
Lundkvist, E., Gustafsson, H., Hjälm, S., & Hassmén, P.
Affiliations
  • Umeå University (SE)
  • Karlstad University (SE)
  • Örebro University (SE)
Corresponding author
Lundkvist, Erik
ORCID
Venue
Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2012-11
Volume
4
Issue
3
Pages
400-419
ISSN
  • 1939-8441 (ISSN-L)
  • 2159-676X
  • 2159-6778
DOI
10.1080/2159676x.2012.693526
OpenAlex
W2052880529
Cited by
101
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2
FWCI
10.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health (publishedVersion)
  • Cross Connect (Southern Cross University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
Keywords
coach burnout, recovery, burnout symptoms, performance culture, workload, work-life balance, family and health, burnout profiles

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