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Rag GTPases mediate amino acid–dependent recruitment of TFEB and MITF to lysosomes
Abstract
The mTORC1 complex supports cell growth and proliferation in response to energy levels, growth factors, and nutrients. The Rag guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) activate mTORC1 in response to amino acids by promoting its redistribution to lysosomes. In this paper, we identify a novel role for Rags in controlling activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagic and lysosomal gene expression. Interaction of TFEB with active Rag heterodimers promoted recruitment of TFEB to lysosomes, leading to mTORC1-dependent phosphorylation and inhibition of TFEB. The interaction of TFEB with Rags required the first 30 residues of TFEB and the switch regions of the Rags G domain. Depletion or inactivation of Rags prevented recruitment of TFEB to lysosomes, whereas expression of active Rags induced association of TFEB with lysosomal membranes. Finally, Rag GTPases bound and regulated activation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, suggesting a broader role for Rags in the control of gene expression. Our work provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms that link nutrient availability and TFEB localization and activation.
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The FLCN/FNIP complex is a critical regulator of TFEB and TFE3 activation; by promoting GDP-loading of RAGC, FLCN facilitates interaction of TFEB/TFE3 with RAGs, resulting in their retention in the cytosol.
“The Folliculin (FLCN)/Folliculin-interacting protein (FNIP) complex is a critical regulator of TFEB and TFE3 activation. By promoting GDP-loading of RAGC27, FLCN facilitates interaction of TFEB/TFE3 with RAGs, resulting in retention of the transcription factors in the cytosol28,29.”
From TMEM55B links autophagy flux, lysosomal repair, and TFE3 activation in response to oxidative stress (2024) · cites this paper as [28]
The Results section (“TFEB interacts with active Rags,” page unavailable) shows that TFEB binds active Rag heterodimers containing GDP-bound RagC, and the Introduction says this binding enables phosphorylation and cytosolic retention. Our copy does not establish that FLCN/FNIP promotes RagC GDP-loading or facilitates that interaction, and it studies MITF rather than TFE3. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Cites
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BackgroundNutrient-dependent mTORC1 Association with the ULK1–Atg13–FIP200 Complex Required for Autophagy
Hosokawa, N., Hara, T., Kaizuka, T., Kishi, C., Takamura, A., Miura, Y., Iemura, S.-I., Natsume, T., Takehana, K., Yamada, N., et al. (2009) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-12-1248 · Cited by 2,076
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“The amino acid–dependent translocation of mTOR requires Rag GTPases and Ragulator, a pentameric protein complex that comprises p18, p14, MP1, HBXIP, and C7orf59 and anchors the Rag GTPases to the lysosomes (Sancak et al., 2008, 2010; Bar-Peled et al., 2012).”
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BackgroundUSP7 protects TFEB from proteasome-mediated degradation
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Metadata
- Authors
- Martina, J. A., & Puertollano, R.
- Venue
- Journal of Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2013-02-11
- Volume
- 200
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 475-491
- ISSN
- 1540-8140
- 0021-9525
- PMC
- PMC3575543
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
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