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Cited by 331Astrophysics and Star Formation StudiesAstrophysics and Cosmic PhenomenaCosmology and Gravitation Theories

Microwave Interstellar Medium Emission Observed by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe

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Finkbeiner, Douglas P.·2004·The Astrophysical Journal
DOI 10.1086/423482
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Abstract

We investigate the nature of the diffuse Galactic emission in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) temperature anisotropy data. Substantial dust-correlated emission is observed at all WMAP frequencies, far exceeding the expected thermal dust emission in the lowest frequency channels (23, 33, and 41 GHz). The WMAP team interprets this emission as dust-correlated synchrotron radiation, attributing the correlation to the natural association of relativistic electrons produced by supernovae (SNe) with massive star formation in dusty clouds, and deriving an upper limit of 5% on the contribution of Draine & Lazarian spinning dust to the K band (23 GHz). We pursue an alternative interpretation that much, perhaps most, of the dust-correlated emission at these frequencies is indeed spinning dust, and explore the spectral dependence on environment by considering a few specific objects as well as the full-sky average. Models similar to Draine & Lazarian spinning dust provide a good fit to the full-sky data. The full-sky fit also requires a significant component with a flat spectrum uncorrelated with Hα, possibly hot (~10 6 K) gas within 30° of the Galactic center.

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  • The spectral index β for the Loop-I is about 3, indicating a cosmic-ray electron index of p about 3 at high latitudes.

    “It is found that the spectral index, β , (brightness temperature, Tb ∝ ν -β ) for the Loop-I is ≃ 3 (Finkbeiner 2004; Davies et al. 2006; Dobler & Finkbeiner 2008), indicating a CR electron index of p ≃ 3 at the high latitudes (following p = 2 β -3 for synchrotron emission).”

    From The Fermi/eROSITA bubbles: a look into the nuclear outflow from the Milky Way (2024) · cites this paper as Finkbeiner 2004

    Section 2.2 (Soft Synchrotron; page unavailable) says a brightness-temperature index of about 3.05 removes prominent high-latitude synchrotron features and gives the relation between the temperature index and electron-energy index, consistent with p about 3. It assumes that index across the high-latitude sky; it does not identify a measurement specifically for Loop I. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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1 of the 46 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Finkbeiner, D. P., Langston, G. I., & Minter A. H. 2004, ApJ, in press (astro- ph/0408292)
  2. Go ´rski, K. M, Hivon, E., & Wandelt, B. D. 1999, in MPA / ESO Cosmology Conf., Evolution of Large-Scale Structure, ed. A. J. Banday, R. K. Sheth, & L. N. da Costa (Garching: ESO), 37
  3. Hildebrand, R., & Kirby, L. 2003 in ASP Conf. Ser. 309, Astrophysics of Dust, ed. A. N. Witt, G. C. Clayton, & B. T. Draine (San Francisco: ASP), 515
  4. Leitch, E. M., Readhead, A. C. S., Pearson, T. J., & Myers, S. T. 1997, ApJ, 486, L23

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Authors
Finkbeiner, D. P.
Affiliations
Princeton University (US)
Corresponding author
Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
ORCID
Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Published
2004-10-10
Volume
614
Issue
1
Pages
186-193
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
DOI
10.1086/423482
OpenAlex
W2069293946
Cited by
331
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 24
FWCI
6.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NAG512972, 12972)
  • Princeton University
  • Goddard Space Flight Center
  • Astrophysics Division
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Keywords
Galactic diffuse emission, spinning dust, synchrotron radiation, supernova remnants, massive star formation

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