Photoplethysmographic signal waveform index for detection of increased arterial stiffness
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess the validity of the photoplethysmographic (PPG) waveform index PPGAI for the estimation of increased arterial stiffness. For this purpose, PPG signals were recorded from 24 healthy subjects and from 20 type II diabetes patients. The recorded PPG signals were processed with the analysis algorithm developed and the waveform index PPGAI similar to the augmentation index (AIx) was calculated. As a reference, the aortic AIx was assessed and normalized for a heart rate of 75 bpm (AIx@75) by a SphygmoCor device. A strong correlation (r = 0.85) between the PPGAI and the aortic AIx@75 and a positive correlation of both indices with age were found. Age corrections for the indices PPGAI and AIx@75 as regression models from the signals of healthy subjects were constructed. Both indices revealed a significant difference between the groups of diabetes patients and healthy controls. However, the PPGAI provided the best statistical discrimination for the group of subjects with increased arterial stiffness. The waveform index PPGAI based on the inexpensive PPG technology can be considered as a perspective measure of increased arterial stiffness estimation in clinical screenings.
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Prior works developed approaches from at most 100 individuals and in most cases recorded less than a day of data.
“These works developed approaches from at most 100 individuals and in most cases, recorded less than a day of data.”
From Sleep and temperature data from wearable devices support noninvasive detection of diabetes mellitus in a large-scale, retrospective analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Pilt, K., Meigas, K., Ferenets, R., Temitski, K., & Viigimaa, M.
- Affiliations
- Tallinn University of Technology (EE)
- Venue
- Physiological Measurement
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2014-09-19
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2027-2036
- ISSN
- 0967-3334 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6579
- OpenAlex
- W2036371089
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Physiological Measurement (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- National Institutes of Health
- European Regional Development Fund
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Keywords
- photoplethysmography, arterial stiffness, augmentation index, type 2 diabetes, aortic augmentation index, age correction, PPG signal analysis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aging, Algorithms, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Case-Control Studies, Photoplethysmography, Young Adult, Vascular Stiffness
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