Role of Spirulina in the Control of Glycemia and Lipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Parikh, Panam; Mani, Uliyar; Iyer, Uma

doi:10.1089/10966200152744463

Cited by 193Natural Antidiabetic Agents StudiesSeaweed-derived Bioactive CompoundsDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Role of Spirulina in the Control of Glycemia and Lipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Parikh, Panam, Mani, Uliyar, Iyer, Uma·2001·Journal of Medicinal Food

DOI 10.1089/10966200152744463

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Abstract

Spirulina, with its high concentration of functional nutrients, is emerging as an important therapeutic food. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic role of Spirulina. Twenty-five subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned to receive Spirulina (study group) or to form the control group. At baseline, the control and study groups were matched for various variables. The efficacy of Spirulina supplementation (2 g/day for 2 months) was determined using the preintervention and postintervention blood glucose levels, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) levels, and lipid profiles of the diabetic subjects. Two-month supplementation with Spirulina resulted in an appreciable lowering of fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose levels. A significant reduction in the HbA(1c) level was also observed, indicating improved long-term glucose regulation. With regard to lipids, triglyceride levels were significantly lowered. Total cholesterol (TC) and its fraction, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), exhibited a fall coupled with a marginal increase in the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). As a result, a significant reduction in the atherogenic indices, TC:HDL-C and LDL-C: HDL-C, was observed. The level of apolipoprotein B registered a significant fall together with a significant increment in the level of apolipoprotein A1. Therefore, a significant and favorable increase in the ratio of A1:B was also noted. These findings suggest the beneficial effect of Spirulina supplementation in controlling blood glucose levels and in improving the lipid profile of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Parikh et al found in 25 type 2 diabetics that 2 g/day spirulina for 2 months lowered fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, TG, LDL-C, TC, atherogenic indices, apolipoprotein B, and increased apolipoprotein A1.
“Similarly, Parikh et al enrolled 25 type 2 diabetics and established that 2 g/day of spirulina for 2 months in this population can lower fasting blood glucose by 19.3 mg (p<0.05), postprandial blood glucose by 16.1 mg (p<0.05), HbA1c by 1.0% (p<0.05) in addition to lowering in TG by 6.4 mg, LDL-C by 7.1 mg, TC by 21.3 mg (p<0.05) and overall reduction in atherogenic indices of TC:HDL-C from 5.4±1.”
From Effects of spirulina on weight loss and blood lipids: A review (2020) · cites this paper as [35]
Some studies found decreased levels of glucose or HOMA-IR after Spirulina supplementation in healthy volunteers, subjects with NAFLD, T2D, and HIV-infected antiretroviral-naïve patients.
“some studies found also decreased levels of glucose or HOMA-IR after Spirulina supplementation in healthy volunteers [12], in subjects with NAFLD [130], T2D [138], and HIV-infected antiretroviral-naïve patients [102, 135].”
From Antioxidant, Immunomodulating, and Microbial‐Modulating Activities of the Sustainable and Ecofriendly Spirulina (2017) · cites this paper as [138]

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Authors: Parikh, P., Mani, U., & Iyer, U.
Affiliations: Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (IN)
ORCID: Parikh, Panam
Venue: Journal of Medicinal Food
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2001-12
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Pages: 193-199
ISSN: 1096-620X (ISSN-L)
1557-7600
DOI: 10.1089/10966200152744463
OpenAlex: W1594930126
Cited by: 193
References: 21
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 0.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Medicinal Food (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: Spirulina, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, hypoglycemic effect, hypolipidemic effect, lipid profile, HbA1c, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A-I, functional food supplementation

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Role of Spirulina in the Control of Glycemia and Lipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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