Cited by 930Impact of Technology on AdolescentsPsychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionMedia and Digital Communication

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The Facebook Paths to Happiness: Effects of the Number of Facebook Friends and Self-Presentation on Subjective Well-Being

Kim, Junghyun, Lee, Jong-Eun Roselyn·2011·Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

DOI 10.1089/cyber.2010.0374

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Abstract

The current study investigates whether and how Facebook increases college-age users' subjective well-being by focusing on the number of Facebook friends and self-presentation strategies (positive vs. honest). A structural equation modeling analysis of cross-sectional survey data of college student Facebook users (N=391) revealed that the number of Facebook friends had a positive association with subjective well-being, but this association was not mediated by perceived social support. Additionally, we found that there was a negative curvilinear (inverted U-shape curve) relationship between Facebook friends and perceived social support. As for self-presentation strategies, whereas positive self-presentation had a direct effect on subjective well-being, honest self-presentation had a significant indirect effect on subjective well-being through perceived social support. Our study suggests that the number of Facebook friends and positive self-presentation may enhance users' subjective well-being, but this portion of happiness may not be grounded in perceived social support. On the other hand, honest self-presentation may enhance happiness rooted in social support provided by Facebook friends. Implications of our findings are discussed in light of affirmation of self-worth, time and effort required for building and maintaining friendships, and the important role played by self-disclosure in signaling one's need for social support.

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“67 Therefore, when using social media platforms, you first need to clarify the motivation and purpose of social media use.”
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“Specifically, the measures for conspicu - ousness (Han et al., 2018), avoidance of similarity (Ruvio et al., 2008), self-presentation (Kim & Lee, 2011), perceived playfulness and perceived flow (Hsu et al., 2012), and SNS sharing intention (Ma et al., 2018) were selected from well-validated…”
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“The present study adopted the Positive Self-Presentation Scale and the Authentic Self-Presentation Scale originally developed by Kim and Lee (2011) for Facebook-based research, using the Chinese version of the Social Networking Site Self-Presentation Questionnaire as revised by Niu et al. (2015)…”
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“…is consistent with other research that found users use Facebook to maintain many of their social activities such as social support and well-being (Kim and Lee 2011), emotional support and entertainment (Special and Li-Barber 2012), need to belong and self-presentation (Nadkarni and Hofmann…”
Kepuasan Kebutuhan Psikologis Dasar sebagai Mediator dalam Hubungan antara Penggunaan Aktif Instagram dan Kesejahteraan Psikologis Remaja
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“…berhubungan dengan kesejahteraan psikologis melalui dukungan sosial (Lee et al., 2013), peningkatkan harga diri dan kebahagiaan (Gonzales & Hancock, 2011; Kim & Lee, 2011; Ko & Kuo, 2009), serta sebagai penyangga psikologis ketika individu mengalami peristiwa negatif (Toma & Hancock, 2013).”
Blurred Identity, Rising Distress: A Serial Mediation Approach to Social Media and Depression
Cobzeanu, A., Opariuc‐Dan, C., & Cobzeanu, B. M. (2025) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2025.2534801
“Approval anxiety (also referred to as digital self-presentation, the need to belong or the need for popularity ; Kim & Lee, 2011; Morin-Major et al., 2016) describes the degree of uncertainty and psychological arousal regarding others’ responses and reactions to their posts, the composite of one’s…”
Psychometric Evaluation of the Serbian Adaptation of the Presentation of Online Self Scale (POSS) and Further Construct Validation
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The Moderating Role of Social Support in Relationships Self-Disclosure and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review
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“This is because honest self-disclosure has the ability to establish long-term relationships between adolescents and their surroundings (Kim & Lee, 2011).”
Implications of Self-Other Overlap for Cyber Dating Abuse in Young Adult Romantic Partners
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“SNSs provide additional opportunities for communicating and interacting with the partner and increase feelings of connection ([7–10], as they enable the overcoming of physical distances through the immediate exchange of textual and multimedia content [11].”
Depression Goes Social Media
Jerrentrup, M. (2024) · Media Watch · doi:10.1177/09760911241291156
“On a more general level, as Kim and Lee (2011) have shown, social media can promote life satisfaction due to their social support and empowerment (for a critical reflection of the term, see Sastre, 2016, 125f.).”
The Design and Effect Analysis of MUSE Project to Reduce Self-Esteem Disparity Based on Make-Up Status among Female High School Students
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Self-citation

Authors: Kim, J., & Lee, J.-E. R.
Affiliations: School of Communication Studies, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio.
Hope College (US)
ORCID: Lee, Jong-Eun Roselyn
Venue: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2011-06
Volume: 14
Issue: 6
Pages: 359-364
ISSN: 2152-2715 (ISSN-L)
2152-2723
DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2010.0374
OpenAlex: W2172114557
Cited by: 930
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 86 · 2020: 100 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 78 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 58.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations: Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Hope College Digital Commons (Hope College) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Communication › Media and Digital Communication
Keywords: Facebook, subjective well-being, happiness, self-presentation, positive self-presentation, perceived social support, university students, social media use, self-disclosure, self-worth
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies, Happiness, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Personal Satisfaction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Social Perception, Social Support, Universities, Internet, Friends

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The Facebook Paths to Happiness: Effects of the Number of Facebook Friends and Self-Presentation on Subjective Well-Being

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