Cited by 169Eating Disorders and BehaviorsBody Image and Dysmorphia StudiesImpact of Technology on Adolescents

Snaps, Selfies, and Shares: How Three Popular Social Media Platforms Contribute to the Sociocultural Model of Disordered Eating Among Young Women.

Open access
Saunders, Jessica F., Eaton, Asia A.·2018·Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking

Abstract

The current study aimed to integrate and test the sociocultural model of disordered eating with theories explaining the impact of mass media on the development of disordered eating for users of three popular social networking platforms. Young women social networking site (SNS) users (age 18-24) who had never received an eating disorder diagnosis (N = 637) completed questions capturing their SNS gratifications and usage, body surveillance, social comparisons, body dissatisfaction, and eating pathology. Measures were administered in one online session. Model relationships were similar across users of all three SNS platforms: Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat. Users of all platforms demonstrated a significant positive relationship between upward comparisons and disordered eating outcomes, and between body surveillance and disordered eating outcomes, although differences between models did emerge. Empirical findings support extending the sociocultural model of disordered eating to include SNS uses and gratifications.

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Crossref · 10.1089/cyber.2017.0713

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  • Comparisons on social media tended to be 'upward' and yielded feelings of inadequacy and self-loathing.

    “Comparisons tended to be ‘upward’ and yielded feelings of inadequacy and self-loathing [53, 63, 68].”

    From The social media diet: A scoping review to investigate the association between social media, body image and eating disorders amongst young people (2023) · cites this paper as [68]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) links upward appearance comparisons to higher body dissatisfaction, and the Path analyses (page unavailable) report robust links among upward comparison, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating. The paper does not establish that comparisons tended to be upward rather than downward, or report feelings of inadequacy and self-loathing specifically. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Five cross-sectional studies yielded statistically significant associations between social media usage and various clinical eating disorders, including night eating syndrome, binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa.

    “Five cross-sectional studies yielded statistically significant associations between social media usage and various clinical eating disorders. These ranged from night eating syndrome [67], to binge eating disorder [68] and bulimia nervosa [69].”

    From The social media diet: A scoping review to investigate the association between social media, body image and eating disorders amongst young people (2023) · cites this paper as [68]

    The Abstract (page unavailable) describes one study of young women who had never received an eating-disorder diagnosis, not five studies of clinical disorders. The Path analyses (page unavailable) report associations involving disordered-eating behaviors, including purging, but do not establish an association between social media usage and diagnosed bulimia nervosa—the condition to which this citation is attached. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Such phenomenon might be explained by the social comparison theory, where individuals assess their social value by comparing themselves to similar virtual personas.

    “Such phenomenon might be explained by the social comparison theory, where individuals assess their social value by comparing themselves to similar virtual personas. 61”

    From Mixed reality technology for older adults: Evaluating the impact of a novel virtual humanoid coach in a community-based physical exercise program in the Philippines (2024) · cites this paper as [61]

    The Introduction says social comparison theory involves comparing oneself with similar others to acquire self-knowledge in a given domain, and it discusses appearance-related comparisons on social networking sites. It does not specifically characterize that process as assessing one's social value against virtual personas. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Sawyer SM, Azzopardi PS, Wickremarathne D, et al. The age of adolescence. The Lancet: Child and Adolescence 2018; 12:1-6.
  2. Knight-McCord J, Cleary D, Grant N, et al. Journal of Undergraduate Ethnic Minority Psychology 2016; 2:21-25.
  3. Tiggemann M, Slater A. NetTweens: the Internet and body image concerns in preteenage girls. The Journal of Early Adolescence 2014; 34:606-620.
  4. Alhabash S, Ma M. A tale of four platforms: motivations and uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat among college students? Social Media+ Society 2017; 3: 1-13.
  5. Primack BA, Shensa A, Escobar-Viera CG, et al. Use of multiple SNS platforms and symptoms of depression and anxiety: a nationally-representative study among US young adults. Computers in Human Behavior 2017; 69:1-9.
  6. Address correspondence to: Jessica F. Saunders Women's Research Institute of Nevada University of Nevada Las Vegas 4505 South Maryland Parkway Box 455083 Las Vegas, NV 89154 E-mail: jessica.saunders@unlv.

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Authors
Saunders, J. F., & Eaton, A. A.
Affiliations
Florida International University (US)
Corresponding author
Saunders, Jessica F.
Venue
Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking
Published
2018-06
Volume
21
Issue
6
Pages
343-354
ISSN
  • 2152-2715 (ISSN-L)
  • 2152-2723
OpenAlex
W2807269091
Cited by
169
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 1
FWCI
15.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Keywords
disordered eating, young women, social networking sites, Instagram, Snapchat, Facebook, body surveillance, upward social comparison, body dissatisfaction, eating pathology, media influence
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Culture, Female, Humans, Social Perception, Young Adult, Social Networking, Social Media

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