Cited by 1,168Food composition and propertiesDiabetes Management and ResearchDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

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The glycemic index: methodology and clinical implications

Wolever, TM, Jenkins, DJ, Jenkins, AL, Josse, RG·1991·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Abstract

There is controversy regarding the clinical utility of classifying foods according to their glycemic responses by using the glycemic index (GI). Part of the controversy is due to methodologic variables that can markedly affect the interpretation of glycemic responses and the GI values obtained. Recent studies support the clinical utility of the GI. Within limits determined by the expected GI difference and by the day-to-day variation of glycemic responses, the GI predicts the ranking of the glycemic potential of different meals in individual subjects. In long-term trials, low-GI diets result in modest improvements in overall blood glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Of perhaps greater therapeutic importance is the ability of low-GI diets to reduce insulin secretion and lower blood lipid concentrations in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

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Authors: Wolever, T., Jenkins, D., Jenkins, A., & Josse, R.
Affiliations: St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1991-11
Volume: 54
Issue: 5
Pages: 846-854
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.5.846
OpenAlex: W1962752397
Cited by: 1,168
References: 58
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 54
FWCI: 1.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords: glycemic index, glycemic response, low glycemic index diet, glycemic control, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion, hypertriglyceridemia, serum lipids
MeSH terms: Blood Glucose, Blood Specimen Collection, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dietary Fats, Dietary Proteins, Fasting, Food, Humans, Methods, Models, Biological, Reference Standards, Time Factors

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The glycemic index: methodology and clinical implications

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