Effects of cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on immune cell function in healthy humans
Open accessAbstract
Background Animal studies have suggested that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a natural component of ruminant meat and dairy products, may confer beneficial effects on health. However, little information on the effects of CLA on immune function is available, especially in humans. Furthermore, the effects of individual isomers of CLA have not been adequately investigated.Objective This study investigated the effects of supplementing the diet with 3 doses of highly enriched cis-9,trans-11 CLA (0.59, 1.19, and 2.38 g/d) or trans-10,cis-12 CLA (0.63, 1.26, and 2.52 g/d) on immune outcomes in healthy humans.Design The study had a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. Healthy men consumed 1, 2, and 4 capsules sequentially that contained 80% of either cis-9,trans-11 CLA or trans-10,cis-12 CLA for consecutive 8-wk periods. This regimen was followed by a 6-wk washout and a crossover to the other isomer.Results Both CLA isomers decreased mitogen-induced T lymphocyte activation in a dose-dependent manner. There was a significant negative correlation between mitogen-induced T lymphocyte activation and the proportions of both cis-9,trans-11 CLA and trans-10,cis-12 CLA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell lipids. However, CLA did not affect lymphocyte subpopulations or serum concentrations of C-reactive protein and did not have any consistent effects on ex vivo cytokine production.Conclusion CLA supplementation results in a dose-dependent reduction in the mitogen-induced activation of T lymphocytes. The effects of cis-9,trans-11 CLA and trans-10,cis-12 CLA were similar, and there was a negative correlation between mitogen-induced T lymphocyte activation and the cis-9,trans-11 CLA and trans-10,cis-12 CLA contents of mononuclear cells.
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Cell activation by advanced glycation end products can occur via receptor-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species through mitochondrial and cytosolic pathways.
“Cell activation can occur via receptor-mediated generation of ROS through both mitochondrial and cytosolic pathways involving the electron transport chain and NAD(P)H oxidase, respectively (472,473) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [472]
The consumption of cLA is linked with beneficial clinical responses, including the reduction of obesity-related body mass index, improved insulin sensitivity and attenuation of airway hyperactivity.
“The consumption of cLA is linked with beneficial clinical responses, including the reduction of obesity-related body mass index, improved insulin sensitivity and attenuation of airway hyperactivity, all of which we propose are due in part to the formation and signaling actions of NO2-cLA [29–32].”
From Nitrite and nitrate-dependent generation of anti-inflammatory fatty acid nitroalkenes (2015) · cites this paper as [29]
The beneficial clinical responses linked with cLA consumption are due in part to the formation and signaling actions of NO2-cLA.
“The consumption of cLA is linked with beneficial clinical responses, including the reduction of obesity-related body mass index, improved insulin sensitivity and attenuation of airway hyperactivity, all of which we propose are due in part to the formation and signaling actions of NO2-cLA [29–32].”
From Nitrite and nitrate-dependent generation of anti-inflammatory fatty acid nitroalkenes (2015) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Tricon, S., Burdge, G. C., Kew, S., Banerjee, T., Russell, J. J., Grimble, R. F., Williams, C. M., Calder, P. C., & Yaqoob, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Reading (GB)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Yaqoob, Parveen
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1626-1633
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2070117324
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 8.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Milk Development Council (EFH/16)
- Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- conjugated linoleic acid, cis-9,trans-11 CLA, trans-10, cis-12 CLA, CLA isomers, dietary supplementation, immune function, T cell activation, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cell membrane lipid composition, dose-dependent effects, cytokine production, C-reactive protein
- MeSH terms
- Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Double-Blind Method, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Isomerism, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Lipids, Lymphocyte Activation, Male, Middle Aged, Cytokines, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Supplements, Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
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