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Cited by 173Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesSodium Intake and HealthNutritional Studies and Diet

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Effect of Dietary Pulses on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Feeding Trials

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Jayalath, V. H., de Souza, R. J., Sievenpiper, J. L., Ha, V., Chiavaroli, L., Mirrahimi, A., Di Buono, M., Bernstein, A. M., Leiter, L. A., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Vuksan, V., Beyene, J., Kendall, C. W. C., Jenkins, D. J. A.·2014·American Journal of Hypertension
DOI 10.1093/ajh/hpt155PMC PMC5391775
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend diet and lifestyle modifications for primary prevention and treatment of hypertension, but do not encourage dietary pulses specifically for lowering blood pressure (BP). To quantify the effect of dietary pulse interventions on BP and provide evidence for their inclusion in dietary guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials was conducted. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were each searched from inception through 5 May 2013. Human trials ≥3 weeks that reported data for systolic, diastolic, and/or mean arterial BPs were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality and risk of bias of included studies. Effect estimates were pooled using random effects models, and reported as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed (χ(2) test) and quantified (I(2)). RESULTS: Eight isocaloric trials (n = 554 participants with and without hypertension) were included in the analysis. Dietary pulses, exchanged isocalorically for other foods, significantly lowered systolic (MD = -2.25 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.22 to -0.28), P = 0.03) and mean arterial BP (MD = -0.75 mm Hg (95% CI, -1.44 to -0.06), P = 0.03), and diastolic BP non-significantly (MD = -0.71 mm Hg (95% CI, -1.74 to 0.31), P = 0.17). Heterogeneity was significant for all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary pulses significantly lowered BP in people with and without hypertension. Higher-quality large-scale trials are needed to support these findings. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01594567.

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Figure 1. Flow diagram of the literature search. The search identified 341 reports, 326 of which were determined to be irrelevant based on review of titles and abstracts. The remaining 15 reports were reviewed in full. Eight reports providing data for 8 trials of isocaloric comparisons were included in the analysis.
Figure 1. Flow diagram of the literature search. The search identified 341 reports, 326 of which were determined to be irrelevant based on review of titles and abstracts. The remaining 15 reports were reviewed in full. Eight reports providing data for 8 trials of isocaloric comparisons were included in the analysis.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
Figure 2. Forest plot of clinical trials investigating the effect of isocaloric exchange of dietary pulses for other adequate comparators on systolic blood pressure (SBP; 2.1), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; 2.2), and mean arterial pressure (MAP; 2.3). The pooled effect estimate is represented as a diamond. Data are represented as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P values are for generic inverse variance random effects models. Interstudy heterogeneity was assessed via Cochrane Q (χ2) at a significance level of P <0.10 and quantified by I2, where I2 >50% was considered to be evidence of substantial heterogeneity.
Figure 2. Forest plot of clinical trials investigating the effect of isocaloric exchange of dietary pulses for other adequate comparators on systolic blood pressure (SBP; 2.1), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; 2.2), and mean arterial pressure (MAP; 2.3). The pooled effect estimate is represented as a diamond. Data are represented as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P values are for generic inverse variance random effects models. Interstudy heterogeneity was assessed via Cochrane Q (χ2) at a significance level of P <0.10 and quantified by I2, where I2 >50% was considered to be evidence of substantial heterogeneity.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

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  1. Diao, 2012, Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online), 8, CD006742

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Metadata

Authors
Jayalath, V. H., de Souza, R. J., Sievenpiper, J. L., Ha, V., Chiavaroli, L., Mirrahimi, A., Di Buono, M., Bernstein, A. M., Leiter, L. A., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Vuksan, V., Beyene, J., Kendall, C. W. C., & Jenkins, D. J. A.
Affiliations
  • St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
  • Cleveland Clinic (US)
  • McMaster University (CA)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Hypertension
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2013-09-07
Volume
27
Issue
1
Pages
56-64
ISSN
  • 0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-7225
DOI
10.1093/ajh/hpt155
PMC
PMC5391775
OpenAlex
W2107126748
Cited by
173
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 1
FWCI
1.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • American Heart Association
  • Abbott Laboratories
  • Coca-Cola Foundation
  • Canadian Nutrition Society
  • Government of Canada
  • European Association for the Study of Diabetes
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
  • Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
Fabaceae, blood pressure, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, isocaloric substitution, dietary guidelines, plant-based diet
MeSH terms
Blood Pressure, Diet, Humans, Hypertension, Fabaceae, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Seeds, Time Factors, Chi-Square Distribution, Treatment Outcome, Risk Reduction Behavior

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