Gut dysbiosis associated with hepatitis C virus infection
Open accessAbstract
Background: Little is known about the effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection on gut microbiota and the relationship between alteration of gut microbiota and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) progression. We performed a comparative study of gut microbiota composition between CHC patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Fecal samples from 166 CHC patients were compared with those from 23 healthy individuals; the gut microbiota community was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. CHC patients were diagnosed with persistently normal serum alanine aminotransferase without evidence of liver cirrhosis (LC) (PNALT, n = 18), chronic hepatitis (CH, n = 84), LC (n = 40), and hepatocellular carcinoma in LC (n = 24). Results: Compared with healthy individuals, bacterial diversity was lower in persons with HCV infection, with a decrease in the order Clostridiales and an increase in Streptococcus and Lactobacillus. Microbiota dysbiosis already appeared in the PNALT stage with the transient increase in Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae. Predicted metagenomics of microbial communities showed an increase in the urease gene mainly encoded by viridans streptococci during CHC progression, consistent with a significantly higher fecal pH in CH and LC patients than in healthy individuals or those in the PNALT stage. Conclusions: HCV infection is associated with gut dysbiosis, even in patients with mild liver disease. Additionally, overgrowth of viridans streptococci can account for hyperammonemia in CH and LC. Further studies would help to propose a novel treatment strategy because the gut microbiome can be therapeutically altered, potentially reducing the complications of chronic liver disease.
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S. salivarius was dramatically increased in association with chronic hepatitis C progression.
“Interestingly, [163] reported that a specific species, S. salivarius, was dramatically increased in association with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) progression.”
From The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties (2024) · cites this paper as [163]
GI bacterial alpha diversity significantly decreases in CHC patients compared with healthy individuals and is associated with severity of clinical stage.
“GI bacterial alpha diversity significantly decreases in CHC patients compared with healthy individuals and is associated with the severity of the clinical stage (Inoue et al., 2018).”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Inoue et al., 2018
Streptococcus salivarius was found to be drastically increased in association with CHC progression.
“Interestingly a specific species, Streptococcus salivarius, was found to be drastically increased in association with CHC progression (Inoue et al., 2018).”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Inoue et al., 2018
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- Authors
- Inoue, T., Nakayama, J., Moriya, K., Kawaratani, H., Momoda, R., Ito, K., Iio, E., Nojiri, S., Fujiwara, K., Yoneda, M., Yoshiji, H., & Tanaka, Y.
- Affiliations
- Nagoya City University Hospital (JP)
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Nara Medical University (JP)
- Aichi Medical University (JP)
- Nagoya City University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Tanaka, Yasuhito
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-05-01
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 869-877
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W2801394415
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 7.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Clinical Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP17fk0210201h0002)
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (15K09015)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Keywords
- hepatitis C virus, gut dysbiosis, gut microbiota, chronic hepatitis C, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, Clostridiales, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus viridans, urease gene, fecal pH, hyperammonemia, bacterial diversity, chronic liver disease
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alanine Transaminase, Bacteria, DNA, Bacterial, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Case-Control Studies, Hepacivirus, Disease Progression, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Metagenomics, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Dysbiosis
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