Cross-sectional associations between trunk muscle composition, back pain, and physical function in the health, aging and body composition study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Associations between trunk muscle composition and physical function have not been examined previously in older adults. We hypothesized that lower trunk muscle area and attenuation (higher fat infiltration) are associated with decreased functional capacity. METHODS: The study sample consisted of a biracial cohort of well functioning men (739) and women (788) aged 70-79 from the Pittsburgh site of the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) study. Computed tomography was used to measure trunk muscle area (cm2) and muscle attenuation (Hounsfield Unit [HU]) of the following muscle groups: lumbar paraspinals, lateral abdominals, and rectus abdominis. An average score was calculated for both trunk area and attenuation. The Health ABC Physical Performance Battery (PPB) and its individual components (usual and narrow walk, chair stands, and standing balance) were used to measure functional capacity. RESULTS: Linear regression analyses adjusting for demographic factors, height, body fat, thigh muscle composition, disease status, and low back pain (LBP) found that average trunk muscle area was not associated with any element of functional capacity (p >.10), whereas average trunk muscle attenuation was positively associated with the Health ABC Physical Performance Battery (p <.05) and chair stands (p <.001). Participants reporting higher LBP severity during the past year had lower muscle attenuation (p <.001 for trend), but there was no difference in average trunk muscle area according to LBP status. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest a link between trunk muscle composition and history of LBP as well as reduced functional capacity in older adults. Improving trunk muscle quality may lead to reduced LBP severity and improved functional status.
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Women have greater myosteatosis than men, independent of differences in BMI or total body fat.
“Evidence shows that women have greater myosteatosis than men, independent of differences in body mass index (BMI) or total body fat (Goodpaster et al., 2001a; Hicks et al., 2005; Ryan et al., 2011; Anderson et al., 2013; Therkelsen et al., 2013; Xiao et al., 2018).”
From Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging (2020) · cites this paper as Hicks et al., 2005
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Restricting Back Pain and Subsequent Mobility Disability in Community‐Living Older Persons
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The Boston Rehabilitative Impairment Study of the Elderly: A Description of Methods
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The Effect of Exercise Training on Lower Trunk Muscle Morphology
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Muscle origin of porcine satellite cells affects in vitro differentiation potential
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Antiretroviral initiation is associated with increased skeletal muscle area and fat content
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Pain Energy Model of Mobility Limitation in the Older Adult
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- Authors
- Hicks, G. E., Simonsick, E. M., Harris, T. B., Newman, A. B., Weiner, D. K., Nevitt, M. A., & Tylavsky, F. A.
- Affiliations
- National Institute on Aging (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Venue
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-07-01
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 882-887
- ISSN
- 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-535X
- OpenAlex
- W2125010621
- Cited by
- 208
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (N01‐AG‐6–2101, N01AG62106, N01-AG-62103)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- low back pain, physical function, muscle attenuation, muscle fat infiltration, older adults, rectus abdominis, chair stand, physical performance, Health ABC Study
- MeSH terms
- Abdomen, Aged, Aging, Back Pain, Body Composition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Spine, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Geriatric Assessment, Incidence, Muscle, Skeletal
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