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Cited by 141Nutrition and Health in AgingFrailty in Older AdultsBody Composition Measurement Techniques

Reexamining the Sarcopenia Hypothesis: Muscle Mass versus Muscle Strength

VISSER, M., NEWMAN, A. B., NEVITT, M. C., KRITCHEVSKY, S. B., STAMM, E. B., GOODPASTER, B. H., HARRIS, T. B., FOR THE HEALTH, AGING, AND BODY COMPOSITION STUDY RESEARCH GROUP·2000·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06500.x
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Abstract

A bstract:The association of muscle mass and muscle strength with lower‐extremity performance, as measured by timed repeated chair stands, was investigated using preliminary data from 3,075 Black and White participants (70–79 years old) in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Leg muscle mass (LM) was measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (Hologic QDR 4500). The maximal isokinetic torque of the leg extensors (LS) was measured at 60°/s using a Kin‐Com isokinetic dynamometer. Men were stronger, had greater LM, and better performance than women. As expected, low LS was associated with poorer performance after adjusting for race, study site, and body fat. Low LM was associated with poorer performance in men and women, with a potential threshold effect in women only. When LS and LM were modeled simultaneously, only LS remained independently associated with performance. In conclusion, muscle strength, but not muscle mass, is independently associated with lower‐extremity performance.

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  • Loss of muscle size cannot explain most, or even a major portion, of the impaired muscle performance and physical function observed in old age.

    “data emerged suggesting that loss of muscle size could not explain most, or even a major portion, of the impaired muscle performance (force, power, etc.) and physical function observed in old age [4, 18–20]”

    From Targeting Intramyocellular Lipids to Improve Aging Muscle Function (2025) · cites this paper as [18]

  • Loss of muscle performance has a greater negative impact on older adults than loss of muscle mass.

    “the preponderance of evidence from years indicates that loss of muscle performance has a greater negative impact on older adults than loss of mass [18, 20–25, 37–39].”

    From Targeting Intramyocellular Lipids to Improve Aging Muscle Function (2025) · cites this paper as [18]

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Authors
VISSER, M., NEWMAN, A. B., NEVITT, M. C., KRITCHEVSKY, S. B., STAMM, E. B., GOODPASTER, B. H., HARRIS, T. B., & FOR THE HEALTH, A.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • University of Colorado Denver (US)
Corresponding author
VISSER, M.
ORCID
Venue
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2000-05
Volume
904
Issue
1
Pages
456-461
ISSN
  • 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
  • 1749-6632
DOI
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06500.x
OpenAlex
W2116022237
Cited by
141
References
11
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 11
FWCI
2.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 2095 d)
Locations
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (N01‐AG‐6–2101, N01AG62106, N01-AG-62103)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Keywords
sarcopenia, muscle mass, muscle strength, lower extremity performance, older adults, sex differences, racial differences, threshold effects, Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study
MeSH terms
Aged, Aging, Black or African American, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Biological, Muscle Contraction, Muscular Atrophy, Pennsylvania, Sex Characteristics, Tennessee, Absorptiometry, Photon, Muscle, Skeletal, Black People, White People

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