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Retracted: Digital Communication Media Use and Psychological Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
The puzzle of whether digital media are improving or harming psychological well-being has been plaguing researchers and the public for decades. Derived from media richness theory, this study proposed that phone calls and texting improve well-being, while use of social network sites (SNSs), instant messaging (IM), and online gaming may displace other social contacts and, thereby, impair well-being. To test this hypothesis, a meta-analysis of 124 studies was conducted. The results showed that phone calls and texting were positively correlated with well-being, whereas online gaming was negatively associated with well-being. Furthermore, the relationship between digital media use and well-being was also contingent upon the way the technology was used. A series of meta-analyses of different types of SNS use and well-being was used to elucidate this point: interaction, self-presentation, and entertainment on SNSs were associated with better well-being, whereas consuming SNSs’ content was associated with poorer well-being.
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“A power analysis using G*Power based on a small-to-medium effect size (f2 = 0.09) between social media use and each of our dependent variables indicated that a sample size of 200 provides 90 percent power (α = 0.05) to detect a significant effect; we intentionally oversampled and aimed to recruit 250 participants to account for participants who opt out of providing blood samples.”
From Social Media Use and Its Link to Physical Health Indicators (2022) · cites this paper as [7]
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“This perspective aligns with the displacement hypothesis, which posits that time spent on social media may have detrimental effects by displacing activities that are beneficial to well-being and health—for example, sleep, exercise, or face-to-face interactions.7,26”
From Social Media Use and Its Link to Physical Health Indicators (2022) · cites this paper as [7]
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“Although there is no consensus, a large body of research indicates a small, negative association between social media use and psychological well-being (Liu et al., 2019; Kross et al., 2021; also see Orben et al., 2019).”
From Social media use and systemic inflammation: The moderating role of self-esteem (2021) · cites this paper as Liu et al., 2019
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Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, D., Baumeister, R. F., Yang, C.-C., & Hu, B.
- Affiliations
- Renmin University of China (CN)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Oklahoma State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baumeister, Roy F
- Venue
- Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-09-01
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 259-273
- ISSN
- 1083-6101 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2979901578
- Cited by
- 260
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 19
- FWCI
- 8.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Status
- Retracted
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in Universities (16JJD860008)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media and Digital Communication
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Technology Use by Older Adults
- Keywords
- digital media use, psychological well-being, media richness theory, telephone calls, text messaging, social network sites, instant messaging, online games, self-presentation, media interaction, media use, entertainment use
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