Cited by 259Gut microbiota and healthBacterial Cancer TherapyOral microbiology and periodontitis research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Perspective: Alpha-Bugs, Their Microbial Partners, and the Link to Colon Cancer

Open access

Sears, Cynthia L., Pardoll, Drew M.·2011·The Journal of Infectious Diseases

DOI 10.1093/jinfdis/jiq061PMC PMC3071114

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

A dramatic intersection between the infectious diseases and oncology fields has emerged from the appreciation that many cancers arise in the setting of chronic infection. For certain viral-induced cancers, such as human papilloma virus (HPV)–associated cervical cancer, the integrated virus encodes oncogenes that directly drive the transformation of infected cells. However, the vast majority of infection-associated cancers arise from chronic immune responses that, although ineffective in eliminating the inciting microbe, collaborate with microbial products to drive carcinogenesis. As many as one-third of cancers worldwide, particularly epithelial cancers, are associated with identified single microbial infections, leading to the conceptual paradigm that chronic infection with specific microbes causes these cancers, independent of other components of the ambient microbial community. In addition to cervical cancer and HPV, other well-established examples include gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori, liver cancer and hepatitis B and C viruses, urinary bladder cancer and Schistosoma hematobium, and biliary tree cancer, Clonorchis sinensis, and Opisthorchis viverrini. A contrasting view of microbial carcinogenesis has been applied to colon cancer, the second leading cause of death due to cancer among adults in the United States. On the basis of increasingly high through put methods, we now understand that the colon is home to one of the most dense and diverse communities of bacteria in the body and that, although clustering of the colon microbiome sequences may occur in families or under similar close-contact conditions, we are all remarkably unique in our bacterial make up [1–2]. Indeed, beginning in the 1960s, investigators postulated and pursued links between the complex colon commensal flora and colon cancer [3]. Our recent work demonstrating the capacity of a specific human colonic bacterium, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), to induce colon tumors in multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice [4] leads us to propose the “Alpha-bug hypothesis,” which integrates the single microbe and microbiome community views of microbial carcinogenesis. While we focus on colon carcinogenesis as an example, we propose that the Alpha-bug hypothesis might apply to other cancer types as well as other chronic immune-based pathology such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Understanding how our colon bacterial communities contribute to the pathogenesis of colon cancer will require understanding the tripartite relationship depicted in Figure 1. This tripartite relationship positions members of the colon microbiome at its apex to suggest that bacteria are the key drivers of the mucosal immune response and subsequent changes in epithelial cell function and genetics that underpin oncogenic transformation. Colonic epithelial cells (CEC) possessing genetic or epigenetic mutations that disorder cell signaling and function are the cells of origin for colon cancer. It is estimated that clinical colon cancer emerges after a 20- to 40-year span in which sufficient CEC mutations accumulate to permit oncogenic transformation. Mucosal inflammation is integral to understanding colon cancer pathogenesis based on the strong clinical link of intestinal neoplasia and IBD such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis together with the recent demonstration of key molecular links between innate and adaptive immune responses and epithelial cancers. Further microbiome studies in IBD patients serve to well illustrate that microbiome dysbiosis is usual with chronic intestinal inflammation [5]. Tripartite relationship contributing to colon cancer pathogenesis. The microbiome, colonic mucosal immune balance, and colonic epithelial cell (CEC) responses (to the microbiome and mucosal immune responses) and CEC genetics are proposed to collectively contribute to the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Colon cancer has not yet been epidemiologically linked to a single microbe, raising the alternative idea that it is driven by multiple members of the complex colonic microbial community [6–8 ]. So how might the microbiota play a role in colon oncogenesis? One hypothesis might be that the colonic bacterial species act collectively to induce colon cancer in specific hosts (with possibly host gene polymorphisms leading to subtle pro-tumor mucosal immune responses), particularly if the host is ingesting a cancer-prone diet. This builds on the often-cited epidemiologic data indicating that the colon cancer risk of a migrating population will assume that of their resident country [7]. The more conventional hypothesis is that select microbiome members are sufficiently dominant that they alone define the oncogenic risk. This is, in essence, our clinical construct for diarrheal disease pathogenesis. If an individual develops diarrhea and a Shigella spp. is isolated from his or her feces, the person is designated as a case of shigellosis. While numerous organisms ha

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/jinfdis/jiq061

Cites

29 of 29 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis
Fearon, E. R., & Vogelstein, B. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90186-i · Cited by 12,132
Diversity of the Human Intestinal Microbial Flora
Eckburg, P. B., Bik, E. M., Bernstein, C. N., Purdom, E., Dethlefsen, L., Sargent, M., Gill, S. R., Nelson, K. E., & Relman, D. A. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1110591 · Cited by 7,913
Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases
Frank, D. N., St. Amand, A. L., Feldman, R. A., Boedeker, E. C., Harpaz, N., & Pace, N. R. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706625104 · Cited by 4,611
Bacterial Community Variation in Human Body Habitats Across Space and Time
Costello, E. K., Lauber, C. L., Hamady, M., Fierer, N., Gordon, J. I., & Knight, R. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1177486 · Cited by 3,231
NF-κB: linking inflammation and immunity to cancer development and progression
Karin, M., & Greten, F. R. (2005) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1703 · Cited by 3,175
Molecular Basis of Colorectal Cancer
Markowitz, S. D., & Bertagnolli, M. M. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra0804588 · Cited by 2,052
Inflammation and Colon Cancer
Terzić, J., Grivennikov, S., Karin, E., & Karin, M. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.058 · Cited by 1,974
Crosstalk between cancer and immune cells: role of STAT3 in the tumour microenvironment
Yu, H., Kortylewski, M., & Pardoll, D. M. (2006) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1995 · Cited by 1,841
Self-citation
A human colonic commensal promotes colon tumorigenesis via activation of T helper type 17 T cell responses
Wu, S., Rhee, K.-J., Albesiano, E., Rabizadeh, S., Wu, X., Yen, H.-R., Huso, D. L., Brancati, F. L., Wick, E., McAllister, F., et al. (2009) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2015 · Cited by 1,812
Self-citation
Enhanced Escherichia coli adherence and invasion in Crohn’s disease and colon cancer 1 1The authors thank Professor T. K. Korhonen (Division of General Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Finland), who kindly donated Escherichia coli IH11165; Professor J.-F. Colombel (Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Maladies Inflammatoire de l’Intestine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France) and Professor A. Darfeuille-Michaud (Faculte de Pharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, France), who kindly donated the Crohn’s disease ileal isolates LF10 and LF82; and Dr. Keith Leiper (Gastroenterology Unit, Royal Liverpool & Broadgreen University Hospitals Trust, Liverpool, UK) for his cooperation in obtaining colorectal tissue specimens.As a consequence of the work described herein, a patent application has been filed by the University of Liverpool regarding the use of soluble plantain fiber in Crohn’s disease.
Martin, H., Campbell, B. J., Hart, C. A., Mpofu, C., Nayar, M. K., Singh, R., Englyst, H. N., Williams, H. F., & Rhodes, J. M. (2004) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.03.054 · Cited by 719

Show all 29 references

Sorted by citations

The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier
Marchesi, J. R., Adams, D. H., Fava, F., Hermes, G. D. A., Hirschfield, G. M., Hold, G., Quraishi, M. N., Kinross, J., Smidt, H., Tuohy, K. M., et al. (2016) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309990 · Cited by 2,302
“89 Tjalsma et al 90 have also proposed the ‘ driver-passenger ’ model for CRC: a ﬁ rst hit by indigenous intestinal bacteria ( ‘ bacterial drivers ’ ), which drive the DNA damage that contributes to CRC initiation.”
Background
Genomic analysis identifies association of Fusobacterium with colorectal carcinoma
Kostic, A. D., Gevers, D., Pedamallu, C. S., Michaud, M., Duke, F., Earl, A. M., Ojesina, A. I., Jung, J., Bass, A. J., Tabernero, J., et al. (2012) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.126573.111 · Cited by 1,960
The keystone-pathogen hypothesis
Hajishengallis, G., Darveau, R. P., & Curtis, M. A. (2012) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2873 · Cited by 1,790
Human Intestinal Lumen and Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Chen, W., Liu, F., Ling, Z., Tong, X., & Xiang, C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039743 · Cited by 1,054
A bacterial driver–passenger model for colorectal cancer: beyond the usual suspects
Tjalsma, H., Boleij, A., Marchesi, J. R., & Dutilh, B. E. (2012) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2819 · Cited by 903
Microbes, Microbiota, and Colon Cancer
Sears, C. L., & Garrett, W. S. (2014) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.007 · Cited by 853
Self-citation
Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer
Song, M., Chan, A. T., & Sun, J. (2020) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.06.048 · Cited by 752
Polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis in inflammatory disease
Lamont, R. J., & Hajishengallis, G. (2015) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2014.11.004 · Cited by 585
The Intestinal Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer
Cheng, Y., Ling, Z., & Li, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.615056 · Cited by 609
Inflammation and colorectal cancer: colitis-associated neoplasia
Grivennikov, S. I. (2012) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-012-0352-6 · Cited by 574
Fusobacterium Is Associated with Colorectal Adenomas
McCoy, A. N., Araújo-Pérez, F., Azcárate-Peril, M. A., Yeh, J. J., Sandler, R. S., & Keku, T. O. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053653 · Cited by 533
An update on the use and investigation of probiotics in health and disease
Sanders, M. E., Guarner, F., Guerrant, R., Holt, P. R., Quigley, E. M., Sartor, R. B., Sherman, P. M., & Mayer, E. A. (2013) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302504 · Cited by 503
Secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids in the colon: a focus on colonic microbiome, cell proliferation, inflammation, and cancer
Zeng, H., Umar, S., Rust, B., Lazarova, D., & Bordonaro, M. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20051214 · Cited by 480
Fusobacterium nucleatum, a key pathogenic factor and microbial biomarker for colorectal cancer
Wang, N., & Fang, J. (2022) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2022.08.010 · Cited by 405
Bacteroides fragilis subverts mucosal biology: from symbiont to colon carcinogenesis
Sears, C. L., Geis, A. L., & Housseau, F. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci72334 · Cited by 362
Self-citation
Gastrointestinal Malignancy and the Microbiome
Abreu, M. T., & Peek, R. M. (2014) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.01.001 · Cited by 328
Barcoded Pyrosequencing Reveals That Consumption of Galactooligosaccharides Results in a Highly Specific Bifidogenic Response in Humans
Davis, L. M. G., Martínez, I., Walter, J., Goin, C., & Hutkins, R. W. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025200 · Cited by 329
Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Collaborative, R., Zaborowski, A. M., Abdile, A., Adamina, M., Aigner, F., d’Allens, L., Allmer, C., Álvarez, A., Anula, R., Andric, M., et al. (2021) · JAMA Surgery · doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2021.2380 · Cited by 304
International Cancer Microbiome Consortium consensus statement on the role of the human microbiome in carcinogenesis
Scott, A. J., Alexander, J. L., Merrifield, C. A., Cunningham, D., Jobin, C., Brown, R., Alverdy, J., O’Keefe, S. J., Gaskins, H. R., Teare, J., et al. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318556 · Cited by 288
Polymicrobial communities in periodontal disease: Their quasi‐organismal nature and dialogue with the host
Hajishengallis, G., & Lamont, R. J. (2021) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12371 · Cited by 314
Microbiota, Disease, and Back to Health: A Metastable Journey
Blumberg, R. S., & Powrie, F. M. (2012) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3004184 · Cited by 287
Dancing with the Stars: How Choreographed Bacterial Interactions Dictate Nososymbiocity and Give Rise to Keystone Pathogens, Accessory Pathogens, and Pathobionts
Hajishengallis, G., & Lamont, R. J. (2016) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.010 · Cited by 275
“Antibiotic treatment of ETBF-colonized Min mice alters the carcinogenesis rate without interfering with ETBF colonization, suggesting that the interaction of ETBF with the colonic microbiota modulates the outcome of colon carcinogenesis [46].”
Background
Polyamine catabolism and oxidative damage
Stewart, T. M., Dunston, T. T., Woster, P. M., & Casero, R. A. (2018) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.tm118.003337 · Cited by 275
The microbiota and microbiome in pancreatic cancer: more influential than expected
Wei, M.-Y., Shi, S., Liang, C., Meng, Q.-C., Hua, J., Zhang, Y.-Y., Liu, J., Zhang, B., Xu, J., & Yu, X. (2019) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-019-1008-0 · Cited by 274
Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer: How to Get from Meta-omics to Mechanism?
Ternes, D., Karta, J., Tsenkova, M., Wilmes, P., Haan, S., & Letellier, E. (2020) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2020.01.001 · Cited by 267
A Procarcinogenic Colon Microbe Promotes Breast Tumorigenesis and Metastatic Progression and Concomitantly Activates Notch and β-Catenin Axes
Parida, S., Wu, S., Siddharth, S., Wang, G., Muniraj, N., Nagalingam, A., Hum, C., Mistriotis, P., Hao, H., Talbot, C. C., et al. (2021) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0537 · Cited by 257
Self-citation
The small intestine microbiota, nutritional modulation and relevance for health
El Aidy, S., van den Bogert, B., & Kleerebezem, M. (2015) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2014.09.005 · Cited by 244
Epidemiologic studies of the human microbiome and cancer
Vogtmann, E., & Goedert, J. J. (2016) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.2015.465 · Cited by 212
The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer
Zhu, Q., Gao, R., Wu, W., & Qin, H. (2013) · Tumor Biology · doi:10.1007/s13277-013-0684-4 · Cited by 217
Review of the mechanisms of probiotic actions in the prevention of colorectal cancer
dos Reis, S. A., da Conceição, L. L., Siqueira, N. P., Rosa, D. D., da Silva, L. L., & Pelúzio, M. D. C. G. (2016) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2016.11.009 · Cited by 217
Fusobacterium nucleatum and cancer
Alon‐Maimon, T., Mandelboim, O., & Bachrach, G. (2022) · Periodontology 2000 · doi:10.1111/prd.12426 · Cited by 203
Understanding the role of the gut microbiome in gastrointestinal cancer: A review
Ağagündüz, D., Cocozza, E., Cemali, Ö., Bayazıt, A. D., Nanì, M. F., Cerqua, I., Morgillo, F., Saygılı, S. K., Berni Canani, R., Amero, P., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1130562 · Cited by 189
Interplay between DNA repair and inflammation, and the link to cancer
Kidane, D., Chae, W. J., Czochor, J. R., Eckert, K. A., Glazer, P. M., Bothwell, A. L. M., & Sweasy, J. B. (2014) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.3109/10409238.2013.875514 · Cited by 191
Bacteria and tumours: causative agents or opportunistic inhabitants?
Cummins, J., & Tangney, M. (2013) · Infectious Agents and Cancer · doi:10.1186/1750-9378-8-11 · Cited by 178
‘NetShift’: a methodology for understanding ‘driver microbes’ from healthy and disease microbiome datasets
Kuntal, B. K., Chandrakar, P., Sadhu, S., & Mande, S. S. (2018) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/s41396-018-0291-x · Cited by 179
Colon cancer-associated B2Escherichia colicolonize gut mucosa and promote cell proliferation
Raisch, J. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i21.6560 · Cited by 189
Microbiota dysbiosis in select human cancers: Evidence of association and causality
Chen, J., Domingue, J. C., & Sears, C. L. (2017) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2017.08.001 · Cited by 172
Self-citation
The microbiome and the hallmarks of cancer
Fulbright, L. E., Ellermann, M., & Arthur, J. C. (2017) · PLOS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006480 · Cited by 164
Crypt- and Mucosa-Associated Core Microbiotas in Humans and Their Alteration in Colon Cancer Patients
Saffarian, A., Mulet, C., Regnault, B., Amiot, A., Nhieu, J. T. V., Ravel, J., Sobhani, I., Sansonetti, P. J., & Pédron, T. (2019) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.01315-19 · Cited by 167
Effects of a high fat diet on intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal diseases
Zhang, M., & Yang, X.-J. (2016) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.8905 · Cited by 168
Next-generation and whole-genome sequencing in the diagnostic clinical microbiology laboratory
Dunne, W. M., Westblade, L. F., & Ford, B. A. (2012) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/s10096-012-1641-7 · Cited by 161
Bacterial Biofilms in Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression
Li, S., Konstantinov, S. R., Smits, R., & Peppelenbosch, M. P. (2016) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2016.11.004 · Cited by 160
Redundant Innate and Adaptive Sources of IL17 Production Drive Colon Tumorigenesis
Housseau, F., Wu, S., Wick, E. C., Fan, H., Wu, X., Llosa, N. J., Smith, K. N., Tam, A., Ganguly, S., Wanyiri, J. W., et al. (2016) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0749 · Cited by 143
Probiotics in colorectal cancer (CRC) with emphasis on mechanisms of action and current perspectives
Kahouli, I., Tomaro-Duchesneau, C., & Prakash, S. (2013) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.048975-0 · Cited by 144
Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiome in Colon Cancer
Chattopadhyay, I., Dhar, R., Pethusamy, K., Seethy, A. A., Srivastava, T. P., Sah, R., Sharma, J. N., & Karmakar, S. (2021) · Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s12010-021-03498-9 · Cited by 147
Intestinal bacteria and colorectal cancer: etiology and treatment
Dougherty, M. W., & Jobin, C. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2185028 · Cited by 145
Emerging role of human microbiome in cancer development and response to therapy: special focus on intestinal microflora
Sadrekarimi, H., Gardanova, Z. R., Bakhshesh, M., Ebrahimzadeh, F., Yaseri, A. F., Thangavelu, L. P., Hasanpoor, Z., Zadeh, F. A., & Kahrizi, M. S. (2022) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-022-03492-7 · Cited by 131
Modulation of microbiota as treatment for intestinal inflammatory disorders: An uptodate
Gallo, A., Passaro, G., Gasbarrini, A., Landolfi, R., & Montalto, M. (2016) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7186 · Cited by 122
Microbial imbalance and intestinal pathologies: connections and contributions
Yang, Y., & Jobin, C. (2014) · Disease Models & Mechanisms · doi:10.1242/dmm.016428 · Cited by 118
The gut microbiome and cancer: from tumorigenesis to therapy
Nobels, A., van Marcke, C., Jordan, B. F., Hul, M. V., & Cani, P. D. (2025) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-025-01287-w · Cited by 126
The Gut Microbiota and Mucosal T Cells
Smith, P. M., & Garrett, W. S. (2011) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00111 · Cited by 113
The colonic microbiota in health and disease
Shanahan, F. (2012) · Current Opinion in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e32835a3493 · Cited by 104
Clinical applications of gut microbiota in cancer biology
Wong, S. H., Kwong, T. N. Y., Wu, C., & Yu, J. Q. (2018) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.05.003 · Cited by 102
Segmented filamentous bacteria: commensal microbes with potential effects on research.
Ericsson, A. C., Hagan, C. E., Davis, D. J., & Franklin, C. L. (2014) · PubMed Central · Cited by 102
The microbiome and lung cancer
Maddi, A., Sabharwal, A., Violante, T., Manuballa, S., Genco, R. J., Patnaik, S. K., & Yendamuri, S. (2019) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.12.88 · Cited by 95
Microbiota impact on the epigenetic regulation of colorectal cancer
Yang, T., Owen, J. L., Lightfoot, Y. L., Kladde, M. P., & Mohamadzadeh, M. (2013) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2013.08.005 · Cited by 90
Bacterial Oncogenesis in the Colon
Dejea, C. M., Wick, E., & Sears, C. L. (2013) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb.13.17 · Cited by 91
Self-citation
Low-Abundant Microorganisms: The Human Microbiome’s Dark Matter, a Scoping Review
de Cena, J. A., Zhang, J., Deng, D., Damé‐Teixeira, N., & Do, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.689197 · Cited by 88
Reduction of Murine Colon Tumorigenesis Driven by EnterotoxigenicBacteroides fragilisUsing Cefoxitin Treatment
Shields, C. E. D., Meerbeke, S. W. V., Housseau, F., Wang, H., Huso, D. L., Casero, R. A., O’Hagan, H. M., & Sears, C. L. (2016) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiw069 · Cited by 88
Self-citation
Distinguishing potential bacteria-tumor associations from contamination in a secondary data analysis of public cancer genome sequence data
Robinson, K. M., Crabtree, J., Mattick, J. S. A., Anderson, K. E., & Hotopp, J. C. D. (2017) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-016-0224-8 · Cited by 85
Genetic and epigenetic dependencies in colorectal cancer development
Parmar, S., & Easwaran, H. (2022) · Gastroenterology report · doi:10.1093/gastro/goac035 · Cited by 89
Microbiota enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis-secreted BFT-1 promotes breast cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance through its functional receptor NOD1
Ma, W., Zhang, L., Chen, W., Chang, Z., Tu, J., Qin, Y., Yao, Y., Ding, J., Ding, J., Li, S., et al. (2024) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1093/procel/pwae005 · Cited by 87
Gut Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer
Yu, Y.-N., & Fang, J.-Y. (2015) · Gastrointestinal Tumors · doi:10.1159/000380892 · Cited by 83
Resolving the Paradox of Colon Cancer Through the Integration of Genetics, Immunology, and the Microbiota
Fidelle, M., Yonekura, S., Picard, M., Cogdill, A. P., Hollebecque, A., Roberti, M. P., & Zitvogel, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.600886 · Cited by 87
Microbiome and pancreatic cancer: A comprehensive topic review of literature
Ertz-Archambault, N. M., Keim, P., & Hoff, D. D. V. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i10.1899 · Cited by 81
“Driver-passenger” bacteria and their metabolites in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer
Avril, M., & DePaolo, R. W. (2021) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2021.1941710 · Cited by 77
Bacteroides fragilis promotes chemoresistance in colorectal cancer, and its elimination by phage VA7 restores chemosensitivity
Ding, X. Q., Ting, N. L.-N., Wong, C. C., Huang, P., Бакурадзе, Н., Jiang, L., Liu, C., Lin, Y., Li, S., Liu, Y., et al. (2025) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2025.05.004 · Cited by 83
Association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer: Progress and future directions
Zhang, S., Cai, S., & Ma, Y. (2018) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.24048 · Cited by 77
Microbes and Inflammation in Colorectal Cancer
Kostic, A. D., Chun, E., Meyerson, M. M., & Garrett, W. S. (2013) · Cancer Immunology Research · doi:10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0101 · Cited by 72
Association of plasma endotoxin, inflammatory cytokines and risk of colorectal adenomas
Kang, M. S., Edmundson, P., Araújo-Pérez, F., McCoy, A. N., Galanko, J. A., & Keku, T. O. (2013) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/1471-2407-13-91 · Cited by 69
Bacterial community structure alterations within the colorectal cancer gut microbiome
Loftus, M. G., Hassouneh, S. A.-D., & Yooseph, S. (2021) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-021-02153-x · Cited by 69
The interplay between the microbiome and the adaptive immune response in cancer development
Russo, E., Taddei, A., Ringressi, M. N., Ricci, F., & Amedei, A. (2016) · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1177/1756283x16635082 · Cited by 68
Microbiota, Immune Subversion, and Chronic Inflammation
Kramer, C. D., & Genco, C. A. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00255 · Cited by 66
Intestinal microbiota: a novel perspective in colorectal cancer biotherapeutics
Ding, C., Tang, W., Fan, X., & Wu, G. (2018) · OncoTargets and Therapy · doi:10.2147/ott.s170626 · Cited by 68
Role of Dietary Lipids in Modulating Inflammation through the Gut Microbiota
Wisniewski, P. J., Dowden, R. A., & Campbell, S. C. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11010117 · Cited by 66
Tumor-Associated Microbiome: Where Do We Stand?
Oliva, M., Mulet-Margalef, N., Ochoa-de-Olza, M., Napoli, S., Mas-Lloret, J., Laquente, B., Alemany, L., Duell, E. J., Nuciforo, P. G., & Moreno, V. R. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22031446 · Cited by 63
Targeting Gut Microbial Biofilms—A Key to Hinder Colon Carcinogenesis?
Chew, S.-S., Tan, L. T., Law, J. W., Pusparajah, P., Goh, B. H., Mutalib, N. A., & Lee, L. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12082272 · Cited by 61
Effects of Diet on Gut Microbiota Profile and the Implications for Health and Disease
Lee, Y. K. (2013) · Bioscience of Microbiota Food and Health · doi:10.12938/bmfh.32.1 · Cited by 58
Structural shift of gut microbiota during chemo-preventive effects of epigallocatechin gallate on colorectal carcinogenesis in mice
Wang, X., Tao, Y., Chen, W., Lv, Y., Hao, Z., Chen, J., Zhao, J., Wang, H., & Cai, Y. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i46.8128 · Cited by 55
Fecal Microbiota Characteristics of Patients with Colorectal Adenoma Detected by Screening: A Population-based Study
Goedert, J. J., Gong, Y., Hua, X., Zhong, H., He, Y., Peng, P., Yu, G., Wang, W., Ravel, J., Shi, J., et al. (2015) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.04.010 · Cited by 57
Commensal microbiota-derived metabolite agmatine triggers inflammation to promote colorectal tumorigenesis
Yu, L., Cui, A., & Zhang, X. (2024) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2024.2348441 · Cited by 54
Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium Species (and Other Medically Important Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli)
Garrett, W. S., & Onderdonk, A. B. (2015) · Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00249-6 · Cited by 53
The Microbiological Memory, an Epigenetic Regulator Governing the Balance Between Good Health and Metabolic Disorders
Devaux, C. A., & Raoult, D. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01379 · Cited by 53
Lung Microbiome Differentially Impacts Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Depending on Tumor Stroma Phenotype
Kovaleva, O. V., Алексеевна, П. П., Rashidova, M. A., Samoilova, D. V., Petrenko, A., Zborovskaya, I. B., Mochalnikova, V. V., Kataev, V., Khlopko, Y. A., Plotnikov, A. O., et al. (2020) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines8090349 · Cited by 53
The Microbiome and Cancer: Creating Friendly Neighborhoods and Removing the Foes Within
Parida, S., & Sharma, D. (2020) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2629 · Cited by 51
Role of gut microbiota-immunity axis in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: Focus on short and long-term outcomes
Bartolini, I., Risaliti, M., Ringressi, M. N., Melli, F., Nannini, G., Amedei, A., Muiesan, P., & Taddei, A. (2020) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i20.2498 · Cited by 54
Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Adenoma-Carcinoma Sequence
Hua, H., Sun, Y., He, X., Chen, Y., Teng, L., & Lu, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.888340 · Cited by 52
A prospective analysis of mucosal microbiome-metabonome interactions in colorectal cancer using a combined MAS 1HNMR and metataxonomic strategy
Kinross, J. K., Mirnezami, R., Alexander, J. L., Brown, R. C. D., Scott, A. J., Galea, D., Veselkov, K., Goldin, R. D., Darzi, A. W., Nicholson, J. K., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08150-3 · Cited by 50
Microbiome dysbiosis in cancer: Exploring therapeutic strategies to counter the disease
Sharma, V., Singh, M. P., Kumar, V., Yadav, M. K., Sehrawat, N., Sharma, D. K., & Sharma, A. K. (2020) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.006 · Cited by 49
Culture-independent studies on bacterial dysbiosis in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review
Gopinath, D., Menon, R. K., Banerjee, M., Su, Y., Botelho, M. G., & Johnson, N. W. (2019) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.018 · Cited by 49
The Colonic Microbiota and Colonic Disease
Shanahan, F. (2012) · Current Gastroenterology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11894-012-0281-5 · Cited by 49
Microbial Interactions and Interventions in Colorectal Cancer
Raay, T. J. V., & Allen‐Vercoe, E. (2017) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.bad-0004-2016 · Cited by 49
Intestinal microbiota and colorectal cancer: changes in the intestinal microenvironment and their relation to the disease
dos Reis, S. A., da Conceição, L. L., & Pelúzio, M. D. C. G. (2019) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001049 · Cited by 46
Bacterial biofilm in colorectal cancer: What is the real mechanism of action?
Mirzaei, R., Mirzaei, H., Alikhani, M. Y., Sholeh, M., Arabestani, M. R., Saidijam, M., Karampoor, S., Ahmadyousefi, Y., Moghadam, M. S., Irajian, G. R., et al. (2020) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104052 · Cited by 48
The gastrointestinal microbiota and its role in oncogenesis
Lam, S. Y., Yu, J. Q., Wong, S. H., Peppelenbosch, M. P., & Fuhler, G. M. (2017) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2017.09.010 · Cited by 46
Interaction between microbiota and immunity and its implication in colorectal cancer
Xing, C., Du, Y., Duan, T., Nim, K., Chu, J., Wang, H. Y., & Wang, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.963819 · Cited by 47
Obesity, obesities and gastrointestinal cancers
Zou, Y., & Pitchumoni, C. S. (2023) · Disease-a-Month · doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2023.101592 · Cited by 47
Intestinal dysbiosis promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by activating tumor-associated macrophages in ovarian cancer
Xu, S., Liu, Z., Lv, M., Chen, Y., & Liu, Y. (2019) · Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1093/femspd/ftz019 · Cited by 46
Grow With the Challenge – Microbial Effects on Epithelial Proliferation, Carcinogenesis, and Cancer Therapy
von Frieling, J., Fink, C., Hamm, J., Klischies, K., Förster, M., Bosch, T. C. G., Roeder, T., Rosenstiel, P. C., & Sommer, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02020 · Cited by 45
Microbiota-Nourishing Immunity: A Guide to Understanding Our Microbial Self
Litvak, Y., & Bäumler, A. J. (2019) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.08.003 · Cited by 43

Authors: Sears, C. L., & Pardoll, D. M.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
ORCID: Sears, Cynthia L.
Pardoll, Drew M.
Venue: The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2011-02-01
Volume: 203
Issue: 3
Pages: 306-311
ISSN: 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
1537-6613
DOI: 10.1093/jinfdis/jiq061
PMC: PMC3071114
OpenAlex: W2096233985
Cited by: 259
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 4.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Johns Hopkins University
National Cancer Institute (R01CA151325, R01CA151393)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK045496, R01DK080817, R01DK059655)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Bacterial Cancer Therapy
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: colon cancer, colon microbiome, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, microbial carcinogenesis, chronic infection, mucosal immune response, oncogenic transformation, ApcMin/+ mice, inflammatory bowel disease
MeSH terms: Bacteria, Colon, Colonic Neoplasms, Humans

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Perspective: Alpha-Bugs, Their Microbial Partners, and the Link to Colon Cancer

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks