Fossil stellar streams and their globular cluster populations in the E-MOSAICS simulations

Hughes, Meghan E; Pfeffer, Joel; Martig, Marie; Bastian, Nate; Crain, Robert A; Kruijssen, J M Diederik; Reina-Campos, Marta

doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2889

Cited by 46Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaStellar, planetary, and galactic studiesAstrophysical Phenomena and Observations

Fossil stellar streams and their globular cluster populations in the E-MOSAICS simulations

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Hughes, Meghan E, Pfeffer, Joel, Martig, Marie, Bastian, Nate, Crain, Robert A, Kruijssen, J M Diederik, Reina-Campos, Marta·2019·Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI 10.1093/mnras/sty2889

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Abstract

Stellar haloes encode a fossil record of a galaxy’s accretion history, generally in the form of structures of low surface brightness, such as stellar streams. While their low surface brightness makes it challenging to determine their age, metallicity, kinematics, and spatial structure, the infalling galaxies also deposit globular clusters (GCs) in the halo, which are bright and therefore easier to observe and characterize. To understand how GCs associated with stellar streams can be used to estimate the stellar mass and the infall time of their parent galaxy, we examine a subset of 15 simulations of galaxies and their star clusters from the E-MOSAICS project. E-MOSAICS is a suite of hydrodynamical simulations incorporating a sub-grid model for GC formation and evolution. We find that more massive accreted galaxies typically contribute to younger and more metal-rich GCs. This lower age results from a more extended cluster formation history in more massive galaxies. In addition, at fixed stellar mass, galaxies that are accreted later host younger clusters, because they can continue to form GCs without being subjected to environmental influences for longer. This explains the large range of ages observed for clusters associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy in the halo of the Milky Way compared to clusters that are thought to have formed in satellites accreted early in the Milky Way’s formation history. Using the ages of the GCs associated with the Sagittarius dwarf, we estimate a virial radius crossing lookback time (infall time) of |$9.3 \pm 1.8\, {\rm Gyr}$|⁠.

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Hughes et al. (2019) find a relation between the age range of accreted GCs and the stellar mass of the satellite progenitor, where excursions are strongly correlated with infall time.
“Hughes et al. (2019) find a relation between the age range of accreted GCs and the stellar mass of the satellite progenitor, where excursions from that relation are strongly correlated with the infall time”
From Kraken reveals itself – the merger history of the Milky Way reconstructed with the E-MOSAICS simulations (2020) · cites this paper as Hughes et al. (2019)
Applying these relations to Sagittarius, Hughes et al. (2019) predict it entered the Milky Way halo t_infall = 9.3 ±1.8 Gyr ago.
“Applying these relations to Sagittarius, Hughes et al. (2019) predict that it entered the halo of the Milky Way t infall = 9 : 3 1 : 8 Gyr ago.”
From Kraken reveals itself – the merger history of the Milky Way reconstructed with the E-MOSAICS simulations (2020) · cites this paper as Hughes et al. (2019)

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Environmental Effects on the Metal Enrichment of Low Mass Galaxies in Nearby ClustersPreprint
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The Maybe Stream: A Possible Cold Stellar Stream in the Ultra-diffuse Galaxy NGC1052-DF2
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Research works printed but not linked: 8

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Authors: Hughes, M. E., Pfeffer, J., Martig, M., Bastian, N., Crain, R. A., Kruijssen, J. M. D., & Reina-Campos, M.
Affiliations: Liverpool John Moores University (GB)
Heidelberg University (DE)
Corresponding author: Hughes, Meghan E
ORCID: Hughes, Meghan E
Pfeffer, Joel
Martig, Marie
Bastian, Nate
Crain, Robert A
Kruijssen, J M Diederik
Reina-Campos, Marta
Venue: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2018-10-25
Volume: 482
Issue: 2
Pages: 2795-2806
ISSN: 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
1365-2966
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2889
OpenAlex: W2897622427
Cited by: 46
References: 112
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10
FWCI: 3.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Locations: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
Liverpool John Moores University (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders: European Research Council (ERC-CoG-646928-Multi-Pop, 714907)
German Research Foundation (KR4801/1-1)
Horizon 2020
Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/K00042X/1, ST/H008519/1, ST/K00087X/1)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Keywords: globular cluster populations, stellar haloes, Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, infall time, Galactic halo, cluster metallicity, cluster age

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Fossil stellar streams and their globular cluster populations in the E-MOSAICS simulations

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