The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Repurposing endogenous type I CRISPR-Cas systems for programmable gene repression
Open accessAbstract
CRISPR-Cas systems have shown tremendous promise as heterologous tools for genome editing and transcriptional regulation. Because these RNA-directed immune systems are found in most prokaryotes, an opportunity exists to harness the endogenous systems as convenient tools in these organisms. Here, we report that the Type I-E CRISPR-Cas system in Escherichia coli can be co-opted for programmable transcriptional repression. We found that deletion of the signature cas3 gene converted this immune system into a programmable gene regulator capable of reversible gene silencing of heterologous and endogenous genes. Targeting promoter regions yielded the strongest repression, whereas targeting coding regions showed consistent strand bias. Furthermore, multi-targeting CRISPR arrays could generate complex phenotypes. This strategy offers a simple approach to convert many endogenous Type I systems into transcriptional regulators, thereby expanding the available toolkit for CRISPR-mediated genetic control while creating new opportunities for genome-wide screens and pathway engineering.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity
Jinek, M., Chylinski, K., Fonfara, I., Hauer, M., Doudna, J. A., & Charpentier, E. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1225829 · Cited by 17,116
Repurposing CRISPR as an RNA-Guided Platform for Sequence-Specific Control of Gene Expression
Qi, L. S., Larson, M. H., Gilbert, L. A., Doudna, J. A., Weissman, J. S., Arkin, A. P., & Lim, W. A. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.022 · Cited by 5,016
DNA targeting specificity of RNA-guided Cas9 nucleases
Hsu, P. D., Scott, D. A., Weinstein, J. A., Ran, F. A., Konermann, S., Agarwala, V., Li, Y., Fine, E. J., Wu, X., Shalem, O., et al. (2013) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2647 · Cited by 4,741
CRISPR-Mediated Modular RNA-Guided Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes
Gilbert, L. A., Larson, M. H., Morsut, L., Liu, Z., Brar, G. A., Torres, S. E., Stern-Ginossar, N., Brandman, O., Whitehead, E. H., Doudna, J. A., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.044 · Cited by 3,696
High-Frequency off-Target Mutagenesis Induced by CRISPR-Cas Nucleases in Human Cells
Fu, Y., Foden, J. A., Khayter, C., Maeder, M. L., Reyon, D., Joung, J. K., & Sander, J. D. (2013) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2623 · Cited by 3,292
CRISPR-Cas systems for editing, regulating and targeting genomes
Sander, J. D., & Joung, J. K. (2014) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2842 · Cited by 3,153
CRISPR RNA Maturation by Trans-Encoded Small RNA and Host Factor RNase III
Deltcheva, E., Chylinski, K., Sharma, C. M., Gonzales, K., Chao, Y., Pirzada, Z. A., Eckert, M. R., Vogel, J., & Charpentier, E. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09886 · Cited by 2,563
RNA-guided editing of bacterial genomes using CRISPR-Cas systems
Jiang, W., Bikard, D., Cox, D., Zhang, F., & Marraffini, L. A. (2013) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2508 · Cited by 2,429
Crystal structure of Cas9 in complex with guide RNA and target DNA
Nishimasu, H., Ran, F. A., Hsu, P. D., Konermann, S., Shehata, S. I., Dohmae, N., Ishitani, R., Zhang, F., & Nureki, O. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.001 · Cited by 2,306
Mali, P., Aach, J., Stranges, P. B., Esvelt, K. M., Moosburner, M., Kosuri, S., Yang, L., & Church, G. M. (2013) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2675 · Cited by 1,752
Cited by
The CRISPR-Cas immune system: Biology, mechanisms and applications
Rath, D., Amlinger, L., Rath, A., & Lundgren, M. (2015) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.025 · Cited by 471
CRISPR-Cas: biology, mechanisms and relevance
Hille, F., & Charpentier, E. (2016) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0496 · Cited by 442
A decade of discovery: CRISPR functions and applications
Barrangou, R., & Horvath, P. (2017) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.92 · Cited by 319
Antibiotics as a selective driver for conjugation dynamics
Lopatkin, A. J., Huang, S., Smith, R. P., Srimani, J. K., Sysoeva, T. A., Bewick, S., Karig, D. K., & You, L. (2016) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.44 · Cited by 285
Xiao, Y., Luo, M., Hayes, R. P., Kim, J., Ng, S., Ding, F., Liao, M., & Ke, A. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.012 · Cited by 208
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Luo, M. L., Mullis, A. S., Leenay, R. T., & Beisel, C. L.
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-10-17
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 674-681
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- OpenAlex
- W2117444879
- Cited by
- 245
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 7.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Repurposing endogenous type I CRISPR-Cas systems for programmable gene repression. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/nar/gku971
- The paper
- Luo, M. L., Mullis, A. S., Leenay, R. T., & Beisel, C. L. (2015). Repurposing endogenous type I CRISPR-Cas systems for programmable gene repression. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku971
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
