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The psychological impact of COVID-19 on the mental health in the general population
Open accessAbstract
As a result of the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the Chinese city of Wuhan, a situation of socio-economic crisis and profound psychological distress rapidly occurred worldwide. Various psychological problems and important consequences in terms of mental health including stress, anxiety, depression, frustration, uncertainty during COVID-19 outbreak emerged progressively. This work aimed to comprehensively review the current literature about the impact of COVID-19 infection on the mental health in the general population. The psychological impact of quarantine related to COVID-19 infection has been additionally documented together with the most relevant psychological reactions in the general population related to COVID-19 outbreak. The role of risk and protective factors against the potential to develop psychiatric disorders in vulnerable individuals has been addressed as well. The main implications of the present findings have been discussed.
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“Factors such as a previous psychiatric diagnosis, isolation, financial distress, hopelessness, loneliness and uncertainty due to COVID-19 outbreaks can also increase the risk of psychiatric conditions and suicide.(Killgore et al., 2020a; Serafini et al., 2020; Xin et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2012)”
From Younger people are more vulnerable to stress, anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: a global cross-sectional survey (2021) · cites this paper as Serafini et al., 2020
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“In contrast, resilience and perception of social support can be protective against psychiatric disorders.(Serafini et al., 2020)”
From Younger people are more vulnerable to stress, anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: a global cross-sectional survey (2021) · cites this paper as Serafini et al., 2020
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“This has led to a steep reduction in social contact which is likely to have increased experiences of loneliness and may have increased psychological distress (Barari et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2020; Ellis et al., 2020).”
From Loneliness, social relationships, and mental health in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as Serafini et al., 2020
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Political Identity Over Personal Impact: Early U.S. Reactions to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Collins, R. N., Mandel, D. R., & Schywiola, S. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.607639 · Cited by 47
“The impact of the pandemic is widespread, felt not only in terms of lives lost but also in terms of psychological harm (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020; Cullen et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2020) and economic loss (Baker et al.”
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Neira, C., Godinho, R. C. D. S., Uribe, F. A. R., Mardones, R., & Pedroso, J. D. S. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13041168 · Cited by 47
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“So far, researchers have observed many stress-related responses among the general population that appeared to be adaptive, as well as maladaptive (19, 20).”
BackgroundLaslo‐Roth, R., George‐Levi, S., & Margalit, M. (2020) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22490 · Cited by 52
Camargo, E. L. S., de Oliveira, B. I. A., Siffoni, I. F., de Sousa, A. R., Teixeira, J. R. B., Costa, M. I. A., & de Sousa, Á. F. L. (2021) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1007/s13178-021-00550-5 · Cited by 45
“Such a context affects the individuals’ psychological well-being, significantly decreasing quality of life (Serafini et al., 2020).”
BackgroundCai, M., Xiang, L., & Ng, E. (2023) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2023.104695 · Cited by 44
Psychological distress, low-income, and socio-economic vulnerability in the COVID-19 pandemic
Santana, C. L. A., Manfrinato, C. V., Souza, P. R. P., Marino, A., Condé, V. F., Stedefeldt, E., Tomita, L. Y., & do Carmo Franco, M. (2021) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2021.08.016 · Cited by 60
“age, gender, education level, employment status, and monthly income), (3) 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12),13 and (4) a short version of the Brazilian food insecurity scale.”
Psychological Distress of University Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil
Serralta, F. B., Zibetti, M. R., & Evans, C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17228520 · Cited by 46
“This type of fear, specific and uncontrolled, is one of the most common reactions in relation to pandemic exposures [1].”
BackgroundResultPseudoscience and fraudulent products for COVID-19 management
Chavda, V. P., Sonak, S. S., Munshi, N. K., & Dhamade, P. N. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-21967-4 · Cited by 48
Costanza, A., Marco, S. D., Burroni, M., Corasaniti, F., Santinon, P., Prelati, M., Chytas, V., Cedraschi, C., & Ambrosetti, J. (2020) · Acta bio-medica dell'Ateneo parmense/Acta biomedica · doi:10.23750/abm.v91i4.10515 · Cited by 44
“They have been reported in the general population (3, 4, 5), vulnerable individuals (including the elderly, patients with chronic long-term health conditions, people residing in high COVID-19 prevalence areas, and having in their entourage a member infected or who has died) (6, 7) patients with previous mental health…”
BackgroundViral pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and male reproductive health
Roychoudhury, S., Das, A., Kesari, K. K., Kesari, K. K., Roychoudhury, S., Jha, S. K., Kosgi, R. G., Sr., Choudhury, A. P., Lukáč, N., Madhu, N. R., et al. (2021) · Open Biology · doi:10.1098/rsob.200347 · Cited by 46
Crisis leadership: An evolutionary concept analysis
Kim, S. J. (2021) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2021.151454 · Cited by 50
Finucane, M. L., Beckman, R., Ghosh‐Dastidar, M., Dubowitz, T., Collins, R. L., & Troxel, W. (2021) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104264 · Cited by 41
“The potential benefits of mass quarantine need to be weighed carefully against possible negative psychological and economic impacts, especially for at-risk populations (Brooks et al., 2020; Gunnell et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2020).”
BackgroundA longitudinal study of depression, anxiety, and stress among Indians during COVID-19 pandemic
Rehman, U., Yıldırım, M., & Shahnawaz, M. (2022) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2021.2023751 · Cited by 45
“Since the implementation of national lockdown, people across the globe including India reported mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and stress (Grover et al., 2020; Rajkumar, 2020; Rehman, Shahnawaz, Kashyap et al., 2021; Rehman, Shahnawaz, Khan et al., 2021; Serafini et al., 2020; Yıldırım & Güler, 2020…”
BackgroundCaycho‐Rodríguez, T., Vilca, L. W., Carbajal‐León, C., White, M., Vivanco-Vidal, A., Saroli-Araníbar, D., Peña-Calero, B. N., & Moreta‐Herrera, R. (2021) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2020.1865480 · Cited by 42
“In this sense, different studies have reported on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and how it has caused higher levels of stress, depression, anxiety, increased suicide rates, substance abuse and domestic violence (Holmes et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2020; Thombs et al., 2020; Xiong et al., 2020).”
BackgroundBeato, A. F., da Costa, L. P., & Nogueira, R. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18042017 · Cited by 41
“In addition to all the negative impacts of social isolation and restrictions derived from this pandemic (see [64], for a review), protective factors and preventive strategies are most important to be identified to better respond to this worldwide stressor and prepare mankind for future similar outbreaks.”
BackgroundDeep reinforcement learning approaches for global public health strategies for COVID-19 pandemic
Kwak, G. H., Ling, L., & Hui, P. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251550 · Cited by 41
Hager, N., Judah, M. R., & Milam, A. L. (2022) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41811-022-00135-z · Cited by 55
“Although experts have proposed loneliness and boredom as related effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (Banerjee & Rai, 2020; Serafini et al., 2020), empirical examination of the link between loneliness and boredom during the pandemic is needed.”
BackgroundAffective empathy predicts self-isolation behaviour acceptance during coronavirus risk exposure
Petrocchi, S., Bernardi, S., Malacrida, R., Traber, R., Gabutti, L., & Grignoli, N. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89504-w · Cited by 39
Aftab, M., Alsaleem, M. A., Nahar, S., Ahmed, R. A., Mahmood, S. E., Madaan, M., & Ahmad, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18115792 · Cited by 45
“Also, several studies reflect increased stress, anxiety, and depression as an influence of the COVID-19 epidemic among all strata of society, including the general public [5,6,17], health care workers [3,8], older adults [24] and students of all categories [25], In contrast, a study from Iran [26] shows only 27.”
BackgroundSifat, R. I., Mehzabin, M., Shuvo, M. K. R., Chowdhury, M., & Suha, S. M. (2022) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09223 · Cited by 40
“Furthermore, anxiety-like reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic may shift to feelings of hopelessness and depression linked to adverse outcomes, including suicidal behavior (Serafini et al., 2020).”
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“The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus quickly became a global public health emergency with profound effects on all aspects of society, including psychological and social impacts (Galea et al., 2020; Holmes et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2020; Torales et al., 2020).”
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Lewandowsky, S., Armaos, K., Bruns, H., Schmid, P., Holford, D. L., Hahn, U., Al‐Rawi, A., Sah, S., & Cook, J. (2022) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/00027162221084663 · Cited by 49
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Modelling the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on violent discipline against children
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“Ever since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak emerged at the end of 2019 in a multimillion city in central China, patterns of our daily life have been dramatically changed [1].”
BackgroundFear of COVID-19: Psychological distress and coping among university students in Ghana
Oti-Boadi, M., Malm, E. K., Dey, N. E. Y., & Oppong, S. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02267-5 · Cited by 44
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“Moreover, this pandemic has had a psychological impact on people, manifested by anxiety, sadness, and depression [8].”
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“Emotionally distressing symptoms are common, including nonspecific anxiety, fear of illness, loneliness, frustration, and boredom [4], and they are worsened by social isolation due to current lockdown policies [5].”
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People Living with HIV in Victoria, Australia
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“11 24 The high proportion of PLHIV worried about their mental health highlights the importance of service providers enquiring about mental health with all patients and having access to clear referral pathways to mental health services if issues are identified.”
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“This propensity is linked to several health benefits such as lower levels of perceived stress, anxiety and depression, and improvements in the general sense of well- being and resilience (Khoury et al., 2015; Roulston et al., 2018; Scarnera et al., 2009; Sharma & Rush, 2014; Teper et al., 2013).”
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“This finding is consistent with recent literature reviews exploring impact of COVID-19 [20, 21] and psychological distress during COVID-19 pandemic that identify anxiety, depression and stress as common experiences [22, 23].”
ResultTeuber, Z., Jia, H., & Niewöhner, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2021.679695 · Cited by 36
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BackgroundPsychological distress in the Greek general population during the first COVID-19 lockdown
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“The outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused profound psychological distress worldwide [7].”
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Brasso, C., Bellino, S., Blua, C., Bozzatello, P., & Rocca, P. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10040772 · Cited by 39
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“Second, more targeted recruitment was undertaken focusing on (1) individuals from a low-income background, (2) individuals with no or few educational qualifications, and (3) individuals who were unemployed.”
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“Self-isolation and social distancing became the new everyday reality for many citizens around the world, which has been associated with loneliness and psychological distress [5].”
BackgroundOjalehto, H. J., Abramowitz, J. S., Hellberg, S. N., Butcher, M. W., & Buchholz, J. L. (2021) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102460 · Cited by 36
“Whereas the majority of research to date has focused on the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., Serafini et al., 2020; Xiong et al., 2020), less attention has been paid to identifying predictors of COVID-19-related anxiety.”
Linking travel motives to identity and travel behavior of the Australian LGBT market during COVID-19
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“Empirical studies on COVID-19 have demonstrated that increased health risks, greater social isolation, and restrictions on mobility have led to an escalation of anxiety, stress, and loneliness within the general population (Serafini et al., 2020).”
BackgroundPublic emotion responses during COVID ‐19 in China on social media: An observational study
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“During the outbreaks of SARS in 2003 and Ebola in 2014, fear and fear-related behaviors are implicated in impeding the infection control and even amplifying social problems (Person, Sy, Holton, Govert, & Liang, 2004; Shultz et al., 2016).”
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“The review of literature conducted by Serafini et al. (2020) showed that the most relevant psychological reactions to COVID-19 infection are: uncontrolled fears related to infection, pervasive anxiety, frustration and boredom, disabling loneliness.”
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“Importantly, neuroticism accompanied by unstable negative affective states can elevate anxiety, which is a predictor for suicide (Serafini et al., 2020).”
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“…the impact of the coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19), which increased fears and anxieties worldwide, leading to an increase in the frequency and severity of mental health problems (Granieri et al. 2020; Granieri, Franzoi, and Chung 2021; Serafini et al. 2020; Xiong et al. 2020; Pan et al. 2021).”
BackgroundSanabria‐Mazo, J. P., Aldana, B. U., Cucaleano, P. P. O., Rojas‐Gualdrón, D. F., Canedo, C. M., Carmona-Cervelló, M., Crespo-Puig, N., Olid, C. S., Muro, A., Méndez-Ulrich, J. L., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10225297 · Cited by 31
“A narrative review recently identified generalized anxiety, mood disorders, and stress in the general population during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak [14].”
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How the COVID-19 pandemic may accelerate millennials’ adoption of augmented reality
Caboni, F., & Pizzichini, L. (2022) · International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management · doi:10.1108/ijrdm-10-2021-0509 · Cited by 32
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“the implementation of appropriate psychological listening and helping services and an implementation of telemedicine to enable counselling and to carry on new or already initiated therapies, especially with fragile and vulnerable people such as adolescents and young psychological adults, is essential [2].”
BackgroundInfluentialAguglia, A., Amerio, A., Costanza, A., Parodi, N., Copello, F., Serafini, G., & Amore, M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18126579 · Cited by 30
Self-citationKaur, T., Ranjan, P., Chakrawarty, A., Kasi, K., Berry, P., Suryansh, S., Mazumder, A., Khan, M., Upadhyay, A. D., Kaloiya, G., et al. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.16420 · Cited by 33
“Also, people who remained uninfected have had to bear witness to all this trauma and have become distressed about the consequences of COVID-19 [3,4].”
Background“We Were Afraid”: Mental Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Two South African Districts
Rwafa-Ponela, T., Price, J. E., Nyatela, A., Nqakala, S., Mosam, A., Erzse, A., Lalla‐Edward, S. T., Hove, J., Kahn, K., Tollman, S. M., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159217 · Cited by 31
Motivation and Eco-Attitudes among Night Runners during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Rozmiarek, M., León-Guereño, P., Tapia‐Serrano, M. Á., Thuany, M., Gomes, T. N., Płoszaj, K., Firek, W., & Malchrowicz-Mośko, E. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14031512 · Cited by 30
Ikeda, T., Hori, D., Sasaki, H., Komase, Y., Doki, S., Takahashi, T., Oi, Y., Ikeda, Y., Arai, Y., Muroi, K., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13481-6 · Cited by 38
Lee, E., & Kim, S. J. (2023) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e74 · Cited by 29
COVID-19 Changed the Injury Patterns of Hospitalized Patients
Rozenfeld, M., Peleg, K., Givon, A., Bala, M., Shaked, G., Bahouth, H., & Bodas, M. (2021) · Prehospital and Disaster Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1049023x21000285 · Cited by 41
“Injury severity was represented by Injury Severity Score (ISS) and was analyzed both by four groups (minor: 1-8, moderate: 9-14, severe: 16-24, and critical: 25-75) and two groups (1-14, 16-75).”
MethodJeong, H., Park, S., Kim, J., Oh, K., & Yim, H. W. (2022) · Epidemiology and Health · doi:10.4178/epih.e2022042 · Cited by 30
“org 2 a negative psychological impact [2].”
Kamp, K., Levy, R. L., Munson, S. A., & Heitkemper, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001515 · Cited by 29
“IBS-unclassified 1 (2) Anxiety Minimal 5 (9) Mild 22 (41) Moderate 15 (28) Severe 12 (22)”
Forest Attendance in the Times of COVID-19—A Case Study on the Example of the Czech Republic
Jarský, V., Palátová, P., Riedl, M., Zahradník, D., Rinn, R., & Hochmalová, M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052529 · Cited by 29
“The long-term impact of isolation/quarantine on a person’s dysfunctional mental state is also a problem [15].”
BackgroundUsing Spiritual Connections to Cope With Stress and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Algahtani, F. D., Alsaif, B. S., Ahmed, A. A., Almishaal, A. A., Obeidat, S. T., Mohamed, R. F., Kamel, R. M., Gul, I., & Hassan, S.-U.-N. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915290 · Cited by 29
Ho, K. F. X., Liu, F., & Tarabashkina, L. (2023) · Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics · doi:10.1108/apjml-11-2022-0926 · Cited by 28
Zaccari, V., D’Arienzo, M. C., Caiazzo, T., Magno, A., Amico, G., & Mancini, F. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.673161 · Cited by 27
Domestic Violence Against Married Women During the COVID-19 Quarantine in Saudi Arabia
Alharbi, F., Alkheraiji, M. A., Aljumah, A. A., Al‐Eissa, M. A., Qasim, S. S., & Alaqeel, M. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.15231 · Cited by 28
“domestic violence are steadily increasing [9-11].”
Smart shopping: the adoption of grocery shopping apps
Bruwer, L.-A., Madinga, N. W., & Bundwini, N. (2021) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-04-2021-0430 · Cited by 36
Osman, I., Hamid, S., & Singaram, V. S. (2021) · Health SA Gesondheid · doi:10.4102/hsag.v26i0.1682 · Cited by 31
“…intervention on the psychological well-being of health care professionals and trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed method design http://www.hsag.co.za Open Access frontline health care workers also became vulnerable to the emotional impact of COVID-19 (Serafini et al. 2020).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialStressors and mental health impacts of COVID‐19 in dental students: A scoping review
Ramachandran, S., Shayanfar, M., & Brondani, M. (2022) · Journal of Dental Education · doi:10.1002/jdd.13122 · Cited by 34
Latinx LGBTQ Youth, COVID-19, and Psychological Well-Being: A Systematic Review
Abreu, R. L., Barrita, A. M., Martin, J. A., Sostre, J. P., & Gonzalez, K. A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2022.2158839 · Cited by 35
A comprehensive analysis of the trip frequency behavior in COVID scenario
Aaditya, B., & Rahul, T. M. (2021) · Transportation Letters · doi:10.1080/19427867.2021.1906478 · Cited by 27
“The psychological impact of forced lockdown and quarantine has been observed leading to anxiety, depression and an uncertainty regarding the future among people(Rehman et al. 2020; Serafini et al. 2020), developing an indecisive, ambiguous nature (Lauderdale, Martin, and Moore 2019).”
BackgroundZhou, M., & Guo, W. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.026 · Cited by 27
Cincidda, C., Pizzoli, S. F. M., Oliveri, S., & Pravettoni, G. (2021) · European Review of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.erap.2021.100671 · Cited by 28
Chandler-Jeanville, S., Nohra, R. G., Loizeau, V., Lartigue, C., Zintchem, R., Naudin, D., & Rothan‐Tondeur, M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18136977 · Cited by 31
“It is also crucial to provide nurses’ families reliable and comprehensive information through educational online programs [43].”
BackgroundÜngüren, E., Tekin, Ö. A., Avsallı, H., & Kaçmaz, Y. Y. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13169031 · Cited by 35
“Together with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, a huge socioeconomic crisis and a negative psychological climate have spread worldwide [28].”
BackgroundGüner, Ö., & Öztürk, R. (2021) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2021.12.005 · Cited by 27
“Pregnant women, who have additional concerns about protecting their own and their unborn babies' health, may feel these impacts particularly more during the COVID-19 pandemic (Ravaldi et al., 2020; Serafini et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2020).”
Pharmacological Adherence Behavior Changes during COVID-19 Outbreak in a Portugal Patient Cohort
Midão, L., Almada, M., Carrilho, J., Sampaio, R., & Costa, E. M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031135 · Cited by 27
Khoury-Malhame, M. E., Sfeir, M., Hallit, S. R., & Sawma, T. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-04159-8 · Cited by 27
“The COVID-19 pandemic - a highly contagious and potentially lethal disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Mahalmani et changes and numbness (Serafini et al., 2020).”
Luthra, S., Agrawal, S., Kumar, A., V, Sharma, M., Joshi, S., & Kumar, J. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15841 · Cited by 27
“It is observed that the impact of quarantine related to COVID-19 is adversely affecting and developing psychiatric disorders among youth [24].”
Liu, J., Ang, M. C., Chaw, J. K., Kor, A.-L., & Ng, K. W. (2023) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.120857 · Cited by 27
Laing, R., & Donnelly, C. A. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0306395 · Cited by 26
COVID -19 pandemic is a worldwide typical biopsychosocial crisis
Jadoo, S. A. A. (2020) · Journal of Ideas in Health · doi:10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.iss2.58 · Cited by 26
Larson, P. S., & Bergmans, R. S. (2022) · The Lancet Regional Health - Americas · doi:10.1016/j.lana.2022.100218 · Cited by 26
Marinucci, A., Grové, C., & Allen, K. (2023) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-023-09725-5 · Cited by 26
“Barriers to accessing support include long wait times for services, an overworked and limited workforce, and financial costs of services (Byrne et al., 2021; Serafini et al., 2020; Singh et al., 2020).”
BackgroundA Systematic Review on Teachers’ Well-Being in the COVID-19 Era
Katsarou, E. C., Chatzipanagiotou, P., & Sougari, A.-M. (2023) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci13090927 · Cited by 38
Langsi, R., Osuagwu, U. L., Goson, P. C., Abu, E. K., Mashige, K. P., Ekpenyong, B. N., Ovenseri-Ogbomo, G. O., Timothy, C. G., Miner, C. A., Ishaya, T., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18030899 · Cited by 29
“This is due to their level of exposure to the virus, concern about being infected and caring for their loved ones, shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE), longer work hours, and involvement in emotionally and ethically fraught resourceallocation decisions [30].”
BackgroundThe Effect of Persuasive Messages in Promoting Home-Based Physical Activity During COVID-19 Pandemic
Carfora, V., & Catellani, P. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644050 · Cited by 21
Disminución de la ansiedad en las víctimas del bullying durante el confinamiento por el COVID-19
Gómez-León, M. I. (2021) · Revista de Educación a Distancia (RED) · doi:10.6018/red.439601 · Cited by 26
Krakowczyk, J. B., Planert, J., Skoda, E., Dinse, H., Kaup, T., Teufel, M., & Bäuerle, A. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100345 · Cited by 24
Chingono, R., Nzvere, F. P., Marambire, E. T., Makwembere, M., Mhembere, N., Herbert, T., Maunganidze, A. J. V., Pasi, C., Chiwanga, M., Chonzi, P., et al. (2022) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152321 · Cited by 25
“Globally the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in increased prevalence of psychological distress [1,2].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Serafini, G., Parmigiani, B., Amerio, A., Aguglia, A., Sher, L., & Amore, M.
- Affiliations
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (IT)
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Serafini, G
- Venue
- QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-06-30
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 531-537
- ISSN
- 0033-5622 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2725
- 1460-2393
- PMC
- PMC7337855
- OpenAlex
- W3036526826
- Cited by
- 1,187
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 117 · 2023: 208 · 2022: 312 · 2021: 390 · 2020: 77
- FWCI
- 98.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- QJM (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- DINOGMI Department of Excellence of MIUR (2018-2022, 232/2016)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, psychological distress, anxiety, depression, stress, uncertainty, quarantine, risk factors, protective factors, mental illness, general population
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