Social identity modifies face perception: an ERP study of social categorization
Open accessAbstract
Two studies examined whether social identity processes, i.e. group identification and social identity threat, amplify the degree to which people attend to social category information in early perception [assessed with event-related brain potentials (ERPs)]. Participants were presented with faces of Muslims and non-Muslims in an evaluative priming task while ERPs were measured and implicit evaluative bias was assessed. Study 1 revealed that non-Muslims showed stronger differentiation between ingroup and outgroup faces in both early (N200) and later processing stages (implicit evaluations) when they identified more strongly with their ethnic group. Moreover, identification effects on implicit bias were mediated by intergroup differentiation in the N200. In Study 2, social identity threat (vs control) was manipulated among Muslims. Results revealed that high social identity threat resulted in stronger differentiation of Muslims from non-Muslims in early (N200) and late (implicit evaluations) processing stages, with N200 effects again predicting implicit bias. Combined, these studies reveal how seemingly bottom-up early social categorization processes are affected by individual and contextual variables that affect the meaning of social identity. Implications of these results for the social identity perspective as well as social cognitive theories of person perception are discussed.
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Top-down motivational effects of the social context influence early neural information processing for adaptive response execution or affect regulation.
“Potentially, top-down motivational effects of the social context influence early neural information processing for adaptive response execution or affect regulation (Amodio, 2013;Amodio, Harmon-Jones, & Devine, 2003;Derks et al., 2014;Ratner & Amodio, 2013).”
From Interplay of self-other distinction and cognitive control mechanisms in a social automatic imitation task: An ERP study (2021) · cites this paper as Derks et al., 2014
The Discussion reports that social-identification motives and identity threat influence early N200 responses during face perception, supporting the top-down motivational effect. It also links early processing to later implicit intergroup responses, but does not establish that the effect serves adaptive response execution or affect regulation. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHigh identity threat in response to the in-group resulted in enhanced N2 amplitudes to out-group stimuli, potentially through enhanced attentional resource allocation.
“Also, high identity threat in response to the in-group resulted in enhanced N2 amplitudes to out-group stimuli, potentially through enhanced attentional resource”
From Interplay of self-other distinction and cognitive control mechanisms in a social automatic imitation task: An ERP study (2021) · cites this paper as Derks et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Derks, B., Stedehouder, J., & Ito, T. A.
- Affiliations
- Leiden University (NL)
- Venue
- Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-08-19
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 672-679
- ISSN
- 1749-5016 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-5024
- PMC
- PMC4420748
- OpenAlex
- W2111229926
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 12.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Royal De Heus
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Keywords
- social identity, face perception, social categorization, social identity threat, group identification, implicit bias, N2 component, affective priming, person perception, Muslims, ethnic identity
- MeSH terms
- Ego, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Face, Female, Humans, Islam, Male, Photic Stimulation, Social Identification, Social Perception, White People, Young Adult
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