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Cited by 665Sleep and related disordersAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesCOVID-19 and Mental Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Chronic Insomnia as a Risk Factor for Developing Anxiety and Depression

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Neckelmann, Dag, Mykletun, Arnstein, Dahl, Alv A.·2007·Sleep
DOI 10.1093/sleep/30.7.873PMC PMC1978360
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Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study prospectively the relations of insomnia to the development of anxiety disorders and depression in a population-based sample. DESIGN: Cohort study based on data from 2 general health surveys of the adult population. SETTING: Two general health surveys in the adult population in Nord-Trøndelag County of Norway, HUNT-1 performed in 1984-6 and HUNT-2 in 1995-7 PARTICIPANTS: Participants without significant anxiety and depression in HUNT-1 were categorized according to the presence and absence of insomnia in the 2 surveys (N=25,130). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Anxiety disorders and depression in HUNT-2 were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, education, comorbid depression/anxiety, and history of insomnia. Anxiety disorders in HUNT-2 were significantly associated with the group with insomnia in HUNT-1 only (OR 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.3), the group with insomnia in HUNT-2 only (OR 3.4; 95% CI, 3.1-3.8), as well as with the group with insomnia in both surveys (OR 4.9; 95% CI, 3.8-6.4). Depression in HUNT-2 was significantly associated with the group with insomnia in HUNT-2 only (OR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.6-2.0), but not with the groups with insomnia in HUNT-1 only or with insomnia in both surveys. CONCLUSIONS: Only a state-like association between insomnia and depression was found. In addition to being a state marker, insomnia may be a trait marker for individuals at risk for developing anxiety disorders. Results are consistent with insomnia being a risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders.

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Metadata

Authors
Neckelmann, D., Mykletun, A., & Dahl, A. A.
Affiliations
  • Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
  • Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
  • University of Oslo (NO)
Corresponding author
Neckelmann, Dag
ORCID
Venue
Sleep
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2007-07
Volume
30
Issue
7
Pages
873-880
ISSN
  • 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
  • 1550-9109
DOI
10.1093/sleep/30.7.873
PMC
PMC1978360
OpenAlex
W1526225438
Cited by
665
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 39
FWCI
32.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • SLEEP (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
  • Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
Keywords
chronic insomnia, anxiety disorders, depression, risk factors, prospective cohort, mental health, HUNT study
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Chronic Disease, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors

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