Cited by 32Fungal and yeast genetics researchPlant-Microbe Interactions and ImmunityPlant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

Response to Environmental Stresses, Cell-wall Integrity, and Virulence Are Orchestrated Through the Calcineurin Pathway in Ustilago hordei

Cervantes-Chávez, José Antonio, Ali, Shawkat, Bakkeren, Guus·2011·Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions

Abstract

In eukaryotes, several biological processes are regulated through calcium signaling. Calcineurin is a calcium-calmodulin-regulated serine/threonine phosphatase consisting of catalytic subunit A and regulatory subunit B. Phosphatase activity resides in the catalytic subunit, which activates by dephosphorylation downstream components such as transcription factor Crz1. The importance of this pathway to respond to environmental stress has been explored in several fungal pathogens. The basidiomycete Ustilago hordei causes covered smut of barley. We addressed the role of the Ca(2+)-calcineurin activated pathway by deleting UhCna1 and UhCnb1. These genes were not essential in U. hordei but the corresponding mutants displayed a variety of phenotypes when applying environmental stress such as sensitivity to pH, temperature, H₂O₂, mono- and divalent cations; and to genotoxic, acid, or oxidative stresses. Cell-wall integrity was compromised and mutants displayed altered cell morphologies. Mating was delayed but not abolished, and combined sensitivities likely explained a severely reduced virulence toward barley plants. Expression analyses revealed that response to salt stress involved the induction of membrane ATPase genes UhEna1 and UhEna2, which were regulated through the calcineurin pathway. Upregulation of UhFKS1, a 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase gene, correlated with the increased amount of 1,3-β-d-glucan in the calcineurin mutants grown under salt stress.

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Crossref · 10.1094/mpmi-09-10-0202

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Authors
Cervantes-Chávez, J. A., Ali, S., & Bakkeren, G.
Venue
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
Published
2011-02
Volume
24
Issue
2
Pages
219-232
ISSN
  • 0894-0282 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-7706
OpenAlex
W2008211017
Cited by
32
References
77
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI
1.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
Keywords
Ustilago hordei, calcineurin pathway, calcium signaling, cell wall integrity, fungal virulence, salt stress, oxidative stress, acid stress, genotoxic stress, mating, 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, membrane ATPase, barley smut, deletion mutants
MeSH terms
Cell Wall, Environment, Fungal Proteins, Mutation, Stress, Physiological, Ustilago, Virulence, Signal Transduction, Calcineurin

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