Depressed Medical Studentsʼ Use of Mental Health Services and Barriers to Use
Abstract
PURPOSE: Depression is an underrecognized yet common and treatable disorder among medical students. Little is known about the rate of mental health service use by depressed medical students. This study sought to determine the level of mental health service use by depressed medical students and their reported barriers to use. METHOD: In the spring of 1994, a one-time survey of 194 first- and second-year medical students was conducted in the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. Outcome measures were self-reported use of counseling services, barriers to use, suicidal ideation, and depressive symptoms as measured by the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS: Twenty-four percent (n = 46) of the medical students were depressed by BDI criteria. Of the depressed students, only 22% (n = 10) were using mental health counseling services. The most frequently cited barriers to using these services were lack of time (48%), lack of confidentiality (37%), stigma associated with using mental health services (30%), cost (28%), fear of documentation on academic record (24%), and fear of unwanted intervention (26%). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that depression among medical students may be undertreated. Medical schools can assist depressed students by addressing issues such as the stigma of using mental health services, confidentiality, and documentation. Early treatment of impaired future caregivers may have far-reaching implications for the individual students, their colleagues, and their future patients.
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Only 22% of medical students who are depressed actually access mental health services.
“only 22% of medical students who are depressed actually access mental health services [4].”
Medical students experience significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress compared to their age-matched peers in the general population.
“medical students experience significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress compared to their age-matched peers in the general population [4].”
Common barriers preventing medical students from using mental health services include time constraints, limited accessibility, concerns about confidentiality, stigma, fear of unwanted interventions, and cost.
“Common barriers that prevent students from using these services include time constraints, limited accessibility, concerns about confidentiality, stigma, fear of unwanted interventions, and cost [4,25].”
Self-help online therapy programs can address many of the problems that deter students from using in-person psychological services.
“Self-help online therapy programs can address many of these problems [7, 8].”
Many college students do not seek treatment for mental health issues due to barriers such as lack of time, privacy concerns, stigma, lack of emotional openness, and financial constraints.
“Many students do not seek treatment partly due to the lack of time, privacy concerns, stigma [16], lack of emotional openness [17], and financial constraints [18-21].”
From Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App “Calm” to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
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Mental Health Self-Care in Medical Students: a Comprehensive Look at Help-Seeking
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Stress and symptoms of depression among medical students at the University of Copenhagen
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A program for reducing depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in medical students
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- Authors
- Givens, J. L., & Tjia, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tjia, Jennifer
- ORCID
- Tjia, Jennifer
- Venue
- Academic Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 918-921
- ISSN
- 1040-2446 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2045639353
- Cited by
- 583
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 11.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Keywords
- depression, medical students, mental health service utilization, barriers to care, help-seeking, stigma, confidentiality, suicidal ideation, Beck Depression Inventory, counseling services, undertreatment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Confidentiality, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Severity of Illness Index, Students, Medical, Time Factors
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