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The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: The Prevalence of DSM-IV Disorders
Open accessAbstract
Objective To describe the prevalence of DSM-IV disorders and comorbidity in a large population-based sample of British children and adolescents.Method Using a one-phase design, 10,438 children were assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), a structured interview with verbatim reports reviewed by clinicians so that information from parents, teachers, and children was combined in a manner that emulated the clinical process. The authors' analysis examined comorbidity and the influence of teacher reports.Results The overall prevalence of DSM-IV disorders was 9.5% (95% confidence interval 8.8-10.1%), but 2.1% of children were assigned "not otherwise specified" rather than operationalized diagnoses. After adjusting for the presence of a third disorder, there was no longer significant comorbidity between anxiety and conduct disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or between depression and oppositional defiant disorder. A comparison of the disorders in children with and without teacher reports suggested that the prevalence of conduct disorders and ADHD would be underestimated in the absence of teacher information.Conclusions Roughly 1 in 10 children have at least one DSM-IV disorder, involving a level of distress or social impairment likely to warrant treatment. Comorbidity reported between some childhood diagnoses may be due to the association of both disorders with a third. Diagnoses of conduct disorder and ADHD may be missed if information is not sought from teachers about children's functioning in school.
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“the DSM diagnostic criteria for adolescent MDD have low diagnostic validity and specificity, resulting in unclear diagnostic boundaries especially with regard to generalized and social anxiety”
From Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a novel RDoC-based treatment program for adolescent depression: "Training for Awareness Resilience and Action" (TARA)-A pilot study (2017) · cites this paper as [10]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Findings indicate that children exposed to early adverse childhood experiences in general [22] and more specifically children placed in foster care have a heightened risk of attachment difficulties [23,24].”
From Mental disorders in foster children: a study of prevalence, comorbidity and risk factors (2013) · cites this paper as [23]
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Panagi, L., White, S. R., Dai, X., Bennett, S. D., Shafran, R., & Ford, T. J. (2023) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-023-02170-3 · Cited by 2
Self-citationEmotional and behavioural development in Glasgow primary schools
Pritchett, R., Nowek, G., Neill, C., & Minnis, H. (2014) · Educational Psychology in Practice · doi:10.1080/02667363.2014.933736 · Cited by 2
“Ford, Goodman, and Meltzer (2003) conducted research examining the mental health of over 10,000 British children.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialOgundele, M. O. (2017) · Psychology and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.11648/j.pbs.20170601.11 · Cited by 2
Protocol: New approaches to managing the social deficits of Turner Syndrome using the PEERS program
Wolstencroft, J., Mandy, W., & Skuse, D. (2018) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.15489.2 · Cited by 2
González-Loyola, M., Oyanadel, C., & Castro, W. P. (2020) · Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología · doi:10.14349/rlp.2020.v52.7 · Cited by 2
Evaluating Students from a Public School: Mental Health Promotion and Prevention in High School
Nascimento, C. A. M. D., Jacobi, L. F., Botega, M. P., & Schetinger, M. R. C. (2021) · OALib · doi:10.4236/oalib.1107326 · Cited by 2
Social Disadvantage and Child Emotional and Behavioural Problems: At HOME in the Netherlands
Rijlaarsdam, J. (2014) · RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 2
Wolpert, M., & Ford, T. J. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118381953.ch13 · Cited by 2
Self-citationInternalizing Disorders among Adolescents: A Risk for Subsequent Substance Use
Townsend, T. G., & Coker-Appiah, D. S. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9781118340851.ch16 · Cited by 2
MENTAL HEALTH: YOUNG PEOPLE'S KNOWLEDGE, BELIEFS, ATTITUDES AND WISHES
Webster, A. M. (2015) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- FORD, T., GOODMAN, R., & MELTZER, H.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Office for National Statistics (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1203-1211
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2057670386
- Cited by
- 1,227
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 88 · 2014: 102 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 103
- FWCI
- 32.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Keywords
- child and adolescent mental health, DSM-IV disorders, prevalence, comorbidities, conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, teacher reports, Development and Well-Being Assessment, school functioning
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, United Kingdom, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Social Behavior, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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